Signs of capillary bleeding from the nose

Almost everyone faced such a symptom as bleeding. This condition is observed after invasive manipulations (taking tests, injections), with cuts. In these cases, drops of blood leave the site of injury. This is due to traumatism of the vessels of the skin or mucous membranes. The blood thus stops quickly, and the expressed changes of a hemodynamics are not observed. Nevertheless, there are a number of diseases, due to which the integrity of the vessels is difficult to recover. Even capillary bleeding is difficult to stop. An example is a pathology - hemophilia, which arises because of a disturbance in the coagulation system of the body. Normally, capillary bleeding is not considered a serious pathological process. In most cases, outside help is not required to stop them.

What is capillary bleeding?

Bleeding occurs due to the destruction of the vessel wall. It can be arterial, venous, capillary. The latter - is due to various injuries of small vessels of the body. Signs of capillary bleeding are familiar to everyone. They are observed with shallow cuts, falls (often in children), scrapes, etc. Most often, capillary bleeding stops on its own. Nevertheless, in some cases, it is difficult to stop because of a clotting disorder or injury to several small vessels. In such situations it is necessary to take measures independently or to call an ambulance.

Causes of capillary bleeding

Signs of capillary bleeding are known not only to adults but also to children. After all, most often the kids are faced with a similar symptom. Despite parental control, each child at least once fell on the knees or palms, resulting in capillary bleeding. In addition to injuries, there are other causes of this symptom. Among them:

1. Punctured wounds. In most cases, they arise due to medical manipulations. Among them - vaccinations, injections, blood sampling from the finger and dental procedures. In domestic conditions, such wounds can be obtained during sewing.
2. Cuts. Occur at home often. The main reasons are shaving and cooking.
3. Increased intracranial pressure. Often, this condition leads to the occurrence of nasal bleeding.
4. Pregnancy. It is known that during this period the wall of the capillaries becomes more fragile. Therefore, with the emptying of the nasal passages in pregnant women, there may be a slight bleeding.

In addition, a similar symptom is found in people suffering from vascular disease. Such pathologies include thrombocytopenic purpura, hemorrhagic vasculitis, hemophilia, leukemia, etc. In these cases, a doctor's help is necessary even with minor trauma.

Symptoms of capillary bleeding

The main signs of capillary bleeding include local manifestations of trauma. They include minor soreness in the area of damage, violation of the integrity of the skin. The main symptom is the discharge of blood from the wound. It has a red color - an average between a scarlet shade and a burgundy. Unlike the damage to the arteries and veins, the jet of blood does not go under too much or too little pressure. Pulsations of blood vessels are not observed. Other signs of capillary bleeding are an unexpressed intensity of the outflow of a biological fluid, as well as its excretion throughout the wound surface. In addition to disrupting the integrity of the skin, a symptom is also observed when the mucous membranes are damaged. The most common is capillary bleeding from the nasal cavity. It can occur as a result of stroke, increased intracranial pressure. Also a similar symptom is often found in vascular pathologies - vasculitis. The signs of capillary bleeding from the nose are the red color of the biological fluid and the small head of the jet. Most often the symptom is self-contained and hospitalization is not required.

Diagnosis of external capillary bleeding

As you know, bleeding can be external and internal. In the first case - the symptom is not so dangerous, as it is diagnosed in the first minutes. Identify internal bleeding more difficult. After all, visible damage is not observed. External signs of capillary bleeding are noticeable immediately. They are the same regardless of the location of the damaged vessels. The external features include the red color of the blood, and its spread throughout the wound. Unlike arterial damage, pulsations are not observed. Intensity of blood flow is low. Nevertheless, if the veins are damaged, it is lower. If bleeding occurs from the vessels of the skin, then on its surface you can notice abrasions, wounds or traces of scrapes. Hemodynamic disorders do not occur in most cases.

How to recognize internal bleeding from capillaries?

Signs of capillary bleeding from the internal organs are harder to recognize. After all, the biological fluid does not flow out, but in the body cavity. Internal bleeding includes gastrointestinal, uterine, etc. The causes of such symptoms are organ trauma (physical and chemical effects on the mucous membrane), inflammatory and infectious diseases, oncological pathologies. In some cases, such bleeding is not diagnosed, because they stop themselves and do not lead to hemodynamic disorders. Sometimes there are symptoms such as tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, pale skin. With capillary bleeding from the stomach, vomiting occurs with an admixture of blood (Mallory-Weiss syndrome). Often this symptom is observed in people who abuse alcohol. When bleeding from the intestine, the stool is dyed black (melena). In the UAC, anemia and a decrease in the number of erythrocytes are observed.

Capillary bleeding: signs and first aid at home

The most common way to cope with capillary bleeding can be yourself. Nevertheless, one should not treat this symptom indifferently, since complications are possible. This is especially true when repeated nasal capillary bleeding is repeated. Signs and first aid at home:

1. Treatment of the wound with antiseptic solution and application of dressings. At the same time, the sign is the release of red blood under a low pressure from the skin.
2. Rinsing the wound surface with cold running water. This will help not only stop the bleeding, but also reduce pain.
3. Apply a hemostatic sponge for a few minutes.

Nasal capillary bleeding: signs and first aid (briefly)

With nasal bleeding, the biological fluid is poured out by drops or a stream. Intensity - low. First aid includes the following activities:

1. Plant and reassure the victim, tilt the head slightly forward.
2. Press the wings of the nose to the septum for a few minutes.
3. Attach the ice.
4. If the bleeding does not stop, it is worth inserting into the nasal passages of turunda, moistened with a solution of hydrogen peroxide.

If these measures are ineffective, you need to call an ambulance.

Help with severe capillary flow

In some cases, even capillary bleeding can lead to severe consequences. The most dangerous of these is hemorrhagic shock. This is more common with internal bleeding. In this case, hospitalization is necessary. Assistance in the hospital consists in replenishment of bcc, the introduction of hemostatic drugs. These include medicines "Dicinon", "Vikasol", "Aminocaproic acid".