Rural baths: projects, construction, interior finishing

Rustic baths can be built according to different technologies, it is quite easy to erect such a building. It will be necessary to produce insulation and vapor barrier, only so you can get a steam room, which in no way will be inferior to brick architectural masterpieces.

Moreover, frame structures can be compared with saunas made of logs. Doing such manipulations will be fairly simple, especially if you compare with the technique that involves the use of beams or bricks. At the same time, there is no need to build a solid foundation, as well as using expensive materials. Village cabins based on the frame have one valuable advantage, which is expressed in the fact that such buildings are light in weight and do not give shrinkage, which can not be avoided with chopped paired. However, there are minuses that are expressed in moisture during rain and snow, water can penetrate into all the cracks, and also accumulate inside the frame. In order to eliminate this problem, it should be tried at the first stages of construction.

Foundation construction

If you are interested in village baths based on the frame, then you should also know how the construction of the foundation is carried out. These works do not involve complex preliminary preparatory manipulations. This is due to the fact that the construction is easy. However, if the soil on the site is notorious or is clayey, it is best to start building a strip foundation.

Foundation technology

Village baths are most often erected on tape grounds. For this, at the first stage, it is necessary to carry out the planning, according to which the trench is excavated. The depth of the latter should be equal to 40 centimeters, while the depth will be 50 centimeters. The next step will be to fill the trench with sand to the surface of the earth. Each layer should be well packed. In order to ensure a better shrinkage, it is necessary to water the layers with water. For pouring the foundation, it will be necessary to have the formwork, its height should be 50 centimeters, while the width is 30 centimeters. The base should be reinforced with metal pipes and rods, which will give the structure strength. Now the master can start pouring concrete, sometimes these works are made in several approaches, whereas if you ordered concrete in the factory, the pouring can be done in one approach. If you decide to use the first option, you need to exclude the setting of the previous layer before pouring the next one. After hardening of the concrete, a roofing material is laid over the base, which will act as a waterproofing of the frame walls.

Recommendations for the erection of walls

The bath, the photo of which is presented in the article, should be bred using wood that is properly prepared. These works provide for the drying of lumber. The breed can be used almost any, except birch, which quickly rot. Experts advise the use of aspen, larch or linden, whose thermal conductivity is low enough, and the structure allows for a long time to maintain the original shape. For the external cladding is best to use larch and pine, while for the interior works any tree species is suitable, but aspens is the most valuable. Bath, the photo of which will help you build, must be protected from the outside with an antiseptic, inside the billet is sanded and covered in two layers with furniture varnish. An exception is a steam room and a sink, where it is more appropriate to use special impregnation. It is recommended to form the bottom bandage from a strong bar, its cross section may be 10 x 10 centimeters. In the corners, the elements are joined in a quarter and are additionally fastened with nails. In order to exclude the displacement of the lower strapping and corner posts, they are installed on steel pins of 2 centimeters, which are mounted in concrete. The same bar should be used to equip the top harness. In order to ensure the rigidity of the skeleton of the bath, at the corners set the braces in an amount of 8 pieces.

Methods of work

If you are building a bath, the projects must be considered beforehand. This will make it possible to understand which construction is best to choose. On the walls are installed intermediate racks made of uneven bars. The cross section of the latter should be the same as that mentioned above. Next, lags are laid for the floor, as well as matched boards with a cross section of 15 x 5 centimeters. They are laid on the waterproofing of the base. Outside, the walls can be trimmed with imitation decorative lining, which will become the most affordable and simple solution. If you use a similar technique when building a bath, it will turn out to be solid and attractive in appearance, it will not be a shame to invite friends. If you decide to choose a lining, then it is best to place it on the surface of the outer wall horizontally, the waterproofing made of pergamina is laid under the fittings. One-piece sheets are used that fit in a lap. All edges should be glued with scotch, which is especially important to carry out as thoroughly as possible, only so you exclude penetration into the bath of unnecessary moisture.

Work on arrangement of floors

Before you build a bath, the projects must be considered. This will allow you to determine the features of the building. In order to equip the floors in the bath, to the bottom of the lag, with regard to both the steam room and the rest rooms, it is necessary to nail down a square bar with a side of 5 centimeters. Over cover the planks of the rough floor, then a layer of roofing material, and afterwards there is mineral wool, it should be laid in a thickness of 10 centimeters. Under the boards of the floor is a vapor barrier, in which the quality of parchment can be made.

Arrangement of the floor in the washing room

When you bath inside, then special attention should be paid to the floors in the washing room. Here the technology will be somewhat different. In order to always remain warm in winter and dry up quickly, a separate foundation must be made around the perimeter. Master removes a layer of soil, venturing to 0, 5 meters. Gravel and sand are poured into the foundation pit, the layer should be 10 centimeters thick. If water gets into a similar drainage well, it will leak into the ground, and a pit will not be needed. Logs for the floor are asbestos-cement pipes, whose diameter is 10 centimeters. They are laid on the foundation, and after they are poured with concrete, this will prevent them from being displaced. When the bath inside clears, the next step is to make an edging rounded board 5 cm thick, while a 6 mm gap should be provided, laying rubber gaskets, they are fixed with nails. After that, the floor can be pressed with plinths.

Arrangement of the exhaust system

A private bath, as well as the one intended for public use, should provide for an extract. For this, a pipe made of asbestos cement is used, its diameter should be 12 centimeters, only in this way you can exclude the smell of mold in the steam room. The pipe will be enough to take to the attic, during the procedures and the furnace, the hot air through the crack under the door will penetrate into the sink, and exhaust ventilation will take moisture through the cracks of the floor. At the same time, the feet of those who are soaring will always be warm.

Truss construction

If you are building a private bath, then you need to think about what technology is supposed to equip the truss system. Beams overlap, as well as rafters should be constructed of boards, the cross section of which is 15 x 5 centimeters. They have to be installed on the edge, fixing with each other. In the end, the distance between the rafters should be 10 x 12 centimeters. In the vertical position, they are attached by kerchiefs, whereas from above the joint between them should provide the same cross-section as that of the ridge beam. The beams are released outward by 40 centimeters. Drawing baths will help you to do the work correctly, the technology indicates the need to assemble the truss structure on the ground, after that it must be lifted up and installed in the finished form. The obreschku for this is made of boards, the thickness of which is 25 centimeters. The lathing is done directly from the ridge.

Behavior of vapor barrier and insulation

Drawings of baths you can compose independently, what to do is necessary even before the beginning of construction. But after the construction of walls and roof, you can proceed to the vapor barrier and insulation. If you follow the experience of professional builders, then the insulation is best done using a roll "Ursa", the thickness of which is 50 millimeters. The material is placed between the vertical posts, fixing to the slats. In some places, thermal insulation is nailed to the outer boards, but special nails should be used, which are equipped with a rubber washer under the head. The sauna from the log house, as well as on the basis of the frame, must have a vapor barrier, in order to exclude the accumulation of moisture in the structure, when the inside temperature is high, and the window is winter. The best solution for this is polyethylene film, which fits under the lining. Particular attention should be given to the process of sheeting of the steam room. Here, too, it is important to lay a high-quality vapor barrier, for example, foil, film or parchment. However, it is worth abandoning roofing felt or roofing felt, which when heated can exude a specific smell.

Features of interior decoration

A bathhouse made of logs, like the one built on a frame, must be trimmed from the inside. Thus, it will be possible to get something like a puff cake. First, there is an outer lining, then the parchment, in the next stage the insulation is laid, and then - the polyethylene film. The most recent will be the inner lining. As the main condition in this case is providing an air gap, the thickness of which is 5 centimeters. It must be inside the walls. Special attention should be given to the steam room, where the effect of the thermos should be ensured. Heat insulation is best laid with foil inside the room, while in the ceiling it is necessary to use foil "Ursu", as well as a 5 cm ordinary insulation. When the village bath is built by oneself, the ceiling and walls inside the steam room are best trimmed with aspen cloth, in the extreme case, it is possible to use grooved or poplar lime boards.

Exterior wall finishing

The use of plaster and paint can not be called the only option for exterior decoration of facades. Features of the bath from the inside have been described above, but in order to give the design an attractive appearance, it is possible to use modern materials by the type of thermo panels. Due to the fact that the traditional construction of a skeleton bath requires mandatory thermal insulation, it is possible to carry out these works using thermo panels. They are a multi-layered construction, as a thermal insulation foam foam or mineral wool. The thermal insulation is between two layers of PVC. The outer surface, as a rule, is executed in the form of a masonry, after it is sprinkled with the pressed crumb. The finishing of the village bath with the help of thermo panels is quite simple, since the products have mutual grooves that allow easy installation. Fixation of materials on the facade should be done with conventional screws, which fix the panels to the profiles on the external walls.

Use of facing bricks or siding

If you build a bath, the lining for exterior walls will perfectly fit. However, lately a brick has been increasingly used, which makes it possible to create an even clutch that fits into any exterior. Between the facing brick and the main walls you can lay a heater. Siding is the most popular and light material for wall cladding, it is inexpensive, and to strengthen it as simply as possible. That is why recently professionals and private developers refuse from plaster and ordinary materials, preferring new solutions that can transform the building, making it as attractive as possible. You can independently think over which finish is more acceptable for you, which of them you can install on your own.