At the end of the last century, the approach to regulating the groundwater level was radically changed. In other words, the principle of creating drainage systems for industrial and suburban areas has changed. Technologically obsolete materials - ceramic and asbestos-cement pipes, reinforced concrete rings - created certain restrictions due to their large weight and their considerable size. Therefore, in small areas were satisfied with open small ditches, and therefore impassable mud and slush in horticulture and villages have become a familiar phenomenon.
A high level of groundwater, combined with deep freezing of the soil from one to one and a half meters, led to decay of tree roots, swelling of roads, destruction of the foundation of country houses and buildings for various purposes. The main reason was that the reinforced concrete rings took up a lot of space, required additional efforts to give them stability during installation. Today, a modern drainage well is manufactured using the latest technology and building materials, which allows you to significantly reduce the weight and reduce the laboriousness of the work on their installation.
According to their purpose, drainage wells are divided into several types.
A filtering, or absorbing, drainage well is used if it is not possible to remove excess water into the sewage system or to the places where the relief is lowered. The principle of its operation is quite simple. The filtration of incoming water is carried out with the help of broken bricks, slag or crushed stone, which are located at the bottom of the well. Absorption wells are more suitable for areas with sandy loam or sandy soil, where the volume of sewage does not exceed more than 1 cubic meter per day.
A watertight drainage well is arranged when the construction of the absorption option is not possible due to the high groundwater level. Or when the soil on the site can not provide the necessary watertightness. Water from such a reservoir is pumped out with a pump, and it can be used to irrigate the garden or simply be removed for the territory of the site.
A rotary drainage well allows revision of drainage pipes. Typically, this type of wells is installed on every second turn of the pipes or at their convergence points (for checking the condition and cleaning). For the purpose of constructing such a drainage well, elements having a diameter of 315 or 425 mm are used. To construct a drainage pit by oneself does not present great difficulties, especially since the modern industry offers structures that are lightweight. In addition, to install it in place, it does not require the use of lifting equipment.
Modern drainage well is made of fiberglass or plastic elements, the service life of which is practically unlimited. However, it is often enough to find drainage systems, for which traditional material - reinforced concrete was used.