Rubber antivibration compensator: types and characteristics

When the temperature of the transported and the environment changes, it is possible that the pipeline will deform. It lengthens with the influence of high temperature and, consequently, is shortened at a low temperature. The existing connections due to this process begin to break down, and the pipes become bent.

Rubber products allow to replace such changes and preserve the integrity of the structure. The work of expansion joints on elasticity is based - these devices can either contract or expand. The load on the pipeline due to this is minimized and compensated, most often due to the elastic characteristics of the metal used for pipe production. With the help of supports, the compensated flow is limited to prevent clamping.

Classification

In today's industry, the wide-spread rubber compensator is of a U-shaped and corrugated type. The latter are divided according to the form of the flexible part into lens, bellows and wavy ones. There are also gland expansion joints, but they have not acquired extensive distribution.

Corrugated parts are divided into axial, angular, rotary and semi-discharged.

Due to axial compression, the elongation is absorbed by axial and semi-unloaded expansion joints. Devices of angular form do this by bending, and rotary - by the method of transverse displacement of the elastic part.

Appointment

When designing equipment and industrial facilities, the intervals of operating divisions, vibrations and vibrations, the magnitude of the compensated displacement, and aggressive chemical media should be taken into account.

The flange compensator is made of special rubber. Many advantages of the device make it possible to use the product in various situations. There is an elastic part of elastomers that is not subject to fatigue and thinning. The main task of the compensator is to remove the vibration load from the equipment. Also, the flexible flexible bellows compensates for the temperature movement of the equipment and the pipeline. When installing the device, no special equipment is required.

For each task, optimal solutions, conditions of use and specific sizes are needed. Therefore, high-quality compensators should have both functionality and economic efficiency.

Vibrovostavki made of synthetic or natural materials, they have a small weight, high resistance to shock loads, easy installation and further maintenance. They are calculated for a long period of operation.

Compensator antivibration is realized in several types, for different media in pipelines. It is not susceptible to rust and can be used for significant mechanical stresses.

Packing box

The operation is carried out in the temperature range up to 300 degrees and the pressure is not more than 1.7 MPa. The device is a pipe inserted into the housing. For tightness, the gap arising between the base and the pipe is sealed by means of a ring having a grand barge.

The compensator of this type can be one-sided and two-sided. It has small dimensions and has a good compensating characteristic, but there is a difficulty in achieving proper sealing, because of this it is in demand less than others. Among the shortcomings is worth noticing the rapid wear, which is why it requires systematic examination and preventive care.

Wavy Compensator

This device has the greatest compensating characteristic in combination with small dimensions. The flexible part of the compensator is a corrugated elastic sheath. It is possible to use in the temperature range from -80 to +800 degrees.

Due to the use of such devices, the flow of pipes, the available hydraulic pressure and the number of stationary supports used are reduced. The latter is achieved through the transfer of minimal effort on the structure of the support.

Bellows expansion joint

The device acquired its distribution on pipelines with a diameter of 10 to 1000 mm, which transport liquid and vapor medium. The main elastic part is the bellows, which is a metal curved part with hollow contents. The rubber compensator due to the special design of the bellows is able, under the influence of longitudinal, transverse and angular moments, to bend, elongate and squeeze with a large displacement, thus deforming in the transverse direction while maintaining tightness.

It is possible to use at a significant pressure and temperature for corrosive media, and good sealing properties are also noted. The compensator has become widespread in the chemical, oil, gas, and energy industries.

Lens compensators

They consist of several lenses with a certain connection to the pipeline. These are the elements consisting of steel finest half-lenses. The principle of operation of devices of this type is based on the light compression of elements, each of which has a compensating capacity in the range of five to eight millimeters. The most demanded are designs with several lenses. There is also a division into rectangular and round, suitable for the appropriate form of the gas pipeline.

Lens compensators are installed on pipelines with a diameter of 100 to 1500 mm. It should be noted among the advantages of this type of small size and weight. Weaknesses consist in low compensating characteristics and the possibility of use only at a sufficiently low pressure.

Compensator of U-shaped type

The most compensating characteristic is the U-shaped compensator. It has acquired extensive distribution in technological overground pipelines with any conditional passages. These types of expansion joints are available with the use of bent, curved with a large angle and welded bends.

Among the main advantages - ease of production and ease of use. But for the use of such devices, additional erection of supporting elements is necessary, they are also characterized by hydraulic increased resistance and require a large flow of pipes during installation.

Cloth Compensator

It is most often used in systems with a temperature of not more than 1300 degrees, which transport gases.

Such devices are made from one or several layers of insulating or gas-tight matter, assembled together to create a dense base. A gas-tight material made of various coatings is produced, has a distinct chemical resistance, which in some cases surpasses even stainless steel. It is possible to mount various types, for example, under a collar or flange type 101. The design with internal insulation is used for temperatures in excess of 600 degrees.

Rubber expansion joint

They are used for the most part in piping systems that transfer liquid media. The transported liquid can have a temperature of up to 200 degrees. The rubber compensator is connected to the pipeline by a flanged method. To increase the resistance to negative external influences, a fireproof cover is used.

The devices are made of rubber of various types and have cord reinforcement. Depending on the purpose and type of working medium, an appropriate elastomer is installed.

Today the bellows flange compensator is produced by a number of European manufacturers, it is made of special rubber, due to which there is an opportunity of exploitation in the food industry.

Area of distribution

The compensator can be used to transport the working water environment, oil and its processing products. A special material is used for working media with high chemical activity. To increase the resistance to chemical attack, special Teflon sputtering is also used. Angle restraints and connecting rods are designed to increase the reliability of the connection.

Rubber products have become most common in the organization of water supply, sewage pipeline and oil industry. They are recommended for installation between the pump and pipes by most manufacturers of pumping equipment. Due to this, it is possible to compensate the vibration coming from the pump, respectively, the reliability and the period of operation of both the system and the equipment connected to the pipeline increase.

Terms of use

With proper installation and operation under suitable conditions and environmental parameters, special care is not required, except for a standard check at the installation site. After the start of the pipelines, the bolts must be retightened.

Thermal deformations of the bellows are not allowed, such as tears, cracks, hardness and swelling. It is important to conduct a systematic inspection for the presence of displacement, rust and to control the strength of the elements. The frequency of inspections is influenced by unintended vibrations, functions and loads of the system.

Do not clean the surface with brushes or steel washcloths during use. Cleaning should be carried out with a special solution with a low content of alkali and washing with ordinary water.

Compensator rubber flanged KMS has a certain period of operation, which provides for the absence of excess thermal and mechanical effects. Installation is possible only in those places of pipes, which are predetermined by the project.

It is important that there is no twisting with the use of considerable strength of the elements of the device. If the piping system is designed for a conductive medium and undergoes a hydrotest with a heavier medium, precautions should be taken to transfer the weight that exceeds the established one.

The rubber compensator is an unassembled product and must be replaced with a loss of stable and hermetic characteristics.