RRS survey: preparation, feedback

Recto-manoscopy is an endoscopic examination method that allows you to visually assess the condition of the anus (anus), as well as to examine the rectal mucosa. In addition, the RRS examination provides an opportunity to inspect the distal parts of the sigmoid colon.

Indications for conduction

This endoscopic manipulation is performed to identify intestinal diseases and timely treatment. As a rule, the RRS test is indicated for use in cases of suspected oncological pathology, with blood, mucus or pus from the intestines, stool disorders, and chronic inflammatory processes in the rectal area. Indication for this examination is also hemorrhoids, suspected prostate cancer in men, or oncology of the pelvic organs in women. In addition, RRS intestines are used for preparation if other endoscopic manipulations are needed (eg, irrigoscopy or colonoscopy). It is also carried out for the detection of ulcers and polyps with the possibility of collecting material for microscopic examination.

Contraindications. Preparation of patients

Examination of the rectum RRS is not performed with profuse bleeding, if there are menstrual bleeding in women, with acute inflammation of the anus or abdominal cavity, as well as with an acute anal fissure, congenital or acquired narrowing of the lower intestine.

It should be noted that the most important condition in order to be able to examine the rectum by the endoscopic method is the maximum cleansing of the intestine from the contents.

So, on the eve of carrying out of this manipulation recommend to adhere to a certain diet. Patients are forced to exclude from their diet fresh fruits, vegetables, black bread and legumes, cabbage in any form and other products that lead to flatulence (increased gas formation in the intestine).

It should be remembered that in the evening before examining the proctologist and on the morning of the day of the survey, only a small amount of liquid is allowed (you can use still water or a weak tea with sugar).

Cleansing of the intestines with enema

To prepare for sigmoidoscopy, in the evening before the examination you need to do 2 cleansing enemas with an interval of 15 minutes. In the morning, this cleansing of the intestine should be repeated. If the examination of the proctologist is scheduled for the first half of the day, breakfast is prohibited. If the sigmoidoscopy will be conducted in the afternoon, the patient is allowed a light breakfast, but before leaving the house, one more enema should be made.

Consider in more detail how to properly clean the lower intestine, since without this RRS examination is impossible.

To carry out the cleansing enema, you should prepare a mug of Esmarch, Vaseline, a liter of water (its temperature should not be more than 20 ° C) and a tripod. The procedure is as follows:

• We fill the system by first checking the water temperature;

• Suspend Esmarch's mug on a tripod at a height of not more than 30 cm from the person who should be cleaned by the intestine;

• Lubricate the tip with petroleum jelly;

• put the patient on the left side (legs should be bent at the knees and slightly brought to the stomach);

• dilute the buttocks and insert the tip into the anus 3 cm towards the navel, and then 10 cm parallel to the spine;

• Then open the valve so that water enters the intestine.

How do I make a cleansing enema myself?

To do this, you have to take a knee-elbow position in the bathroom, lean on your elbow, and insert your hand into your rectum with your free hand. Do this slowly and very carefully. After this, you need to open the Esmarch mug crane and introduce water. If pain is felt, fluid intake should be blocked and wait a few moments, evenly breathing and stroking the abdomen.

It should be noted that it is necessary to control the amount of water introduced (it should not exceed two liters). For better cleaning of the intestine, it is recommended to hold the liquid for at least 10 minutes. If possible, you can walk or lie on your stomach.

If you want to immediately put 2 cleansing enemas, you can make a break between them about 45 minutes. This is necessary in order to make sure that the wash water flows away from the first enema.

At the request of the patient, special microclysters can be used (for example, "Mikrolaks"). They are applied rectally. Pharmacological action is observed after 15 minutes.

Preparation for sigmoidoscopy without enema

To do this, take the appropriate pharmacological drugs. Most often use the following:

• Fortrans. In the evening before the examination, the patient should drink from 3 pm to 8 pm 3 liters of water, in which it is necessary to dissolve 3 packets of the above preparation. Approximately should be consumed per liter of solution per hour. Morning breakfast is prohibited.

• Doufalac. On the eve of sigmoidoscopy, you need to drink 2 liters of water from 18 to 20 hours, dissolving 200 ml of the syrup in it. Breakfast on the day of the survey is also prohibited.

• "Flit Phospho-soda". If the RRS survey is scheduled for the first half of the day, then in the morning before the procedure instead of breakfast should drink light liquid. It can be tea or coffee, juice without pulp or non-carbonated soft drink. Then in 100 ml of cold water it is necessary to dissolve one sachet of the preparation and drink the solution. In doing so, it should be washed down with 2 glasses of cold water. Instead of lunch, you need to use at least 800 ml of light liquid, instead of dinner - another glass. After that, you need to drink another packet of the drug in the same way as in the morning.

Features of the sigmoidoscopy

The RRS procedure is performed strictly on an empty stomach. For the examination, the patient should take off his clothes below the waist and take a knee-elbow position on the couch. With severe pain in the anus, sigmoidoscopy is performed with local anesthesia. To this end, use an ointment with dicain. Perianal blockade can be performed. If necessary, general anesthesia is used.

The doctor gradually introduces the rectoscope into the rectum and moves it forward, moderately feeding the air, which makes it possible to straighten the folds of the intestine and promote better visualization of the mucosa. Then remove the obturator and under the vision control the rectoscope is advanced to the sigmoid colon. After examination, the tube is removed from the lumen of the intestine in circular motions, continuing the examination.

It should be noted that the RRS examination is completely safe, only if it is methodically incorrect , intestinal perforation may occur , which requires immediate surgical intervention.

Reviews about sigmoidoscopy

Immediately need to say that this examination is painless, but, of course, unpleasant. Some patients do not experience any discomfort at all, while others require at least local anesthesia. Often the determining factor that affects the attitude towards the sigmoidoscopy, becomes fear of its conduct.

To identify diseases such as cancer of the rectum or sigmoid colon, as well as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, use the RRS examination. The doctors' comments on this procedure are positive, as it is important for diagnosis of abdominal pain, blood or other impurities in the stool, chronic constipation or diarrhea, and iron deficiency anemia, the etiology of which is unknown.

It should also be noted that it is recommended to perform sigmoidoscopy for all people after 55 years for early detection of neoplasms in the intestine. With weighed heredity, this procedure should be performed annually.