Roto viral infection

An acute infectious disease caused by an RNA-containing virus of the genus Rotavirus of the family Reoviridae is widespread in both developing and developed countries. In total, there are 9 types of this virus, in humans there are 1-4 types and 8-9. Mostly children are ill, usually up to 3 years. Nevertheless, there is a roto of viral infection in adults, especially elderly and impaired people in families where children are ill. The peak incidence falls on the winter months.

To a person, the company rot virus infection is transmitted only from a person, the serotypes of animal viruses for humans do not pose a danger. The causative agent from a sick person or carrier is excreted with feces, transmitted by a fecal-oral route. Getting into the body through alimentary tract, the pathogen multiplies in the upper parts of the digestive tract. Rota virus is often combined with bacterial agents, such as Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia and other viruses, in particular, with coronary and adenoviruses.

Symptoms of the disease
The disease develops 1-2 days after infection, sometimes the incubation period lasts up to a week. The disease begins sharply. The temperature rises to 38-39 degrees, but sometimes the temperature is higher. With mild forms of the disease, both in children and adults, there is no high fever. The first manifestations of the disease - pain in the epigastrium, vomiting and nausea, diarrhea. Characteristic also: an increase in cervical lymph nodes, rhinitis, reddening of the throat, but symptoms of damage to the digestive system come to the fore, because of what the disease is often called intestinal flu. On the first day of the disease, the majority of patients with vomiting, characterized by a watery copious stool with an unpleasant sharp odor up to 10 or more times a day, rumbling in the abdomen. Dehydration develops in 75% of affected children, but in the overwhelming majority of cases, dehydration is not clearly expressed. With the development of severe dehydration, hemodynamic disorders are possible.

A viral infection can occur with pronounced signs of intoxication and high fever, if combined with a bacterial infection. In such a situation, patients, as a rule, note the admixture of blood and mucus in the bowel movements, which is more typical of shigellosis, salmonellosis, and escherichiosis. In the acute period, erythrocytes and leukocytes are found in the urine of patients, leukocytosis in the blood, followed by leukopenia, an increase in ESR is not characteristic. Symptoms of intestinal lesions last from 2 to 6 days. Usually, a roto virus infection does not cause complications, but patients need special approach in case of bacterial attachment.

When making a diagnosis, take into account the epidemiological situation, the clinical picture of the disease. Confirms the diagnosis of the roto virus infection revealing the pathogen in the patient's feces. Serological reactions, in particular, RSK, are of less importance. For treatment use sorbents and salt solutions (rehydron), which help prevent dehydration. Disease, as a rule, ends in recovery.

Preventive measures
Often, the cause of outbreaks of acute diarrhea in children's groups is roto virus infection. Prevention of the disease is especially important in an unfavorable epidemiological situation. Prevention measures are reduced to compliance with personal hygiene standards. A sick child should be isolated until complete recovery, providing it with a separate crockery. Water should be consumed only boiled, as the virus, which is stable in the external environment, dies when boiling. Probably, in the near future the prevention of this disease will be carried out through vaccination.