Pushkin's poets: a list, works

Pushkin's time poets - this phenomenon, which represents a golden age of Russian poetry and is determined by the framework of 1810-1830. (For reference: the subsequent - the silver age - has the boundaries of 1894-1929). If the golden light is given by the Sun, then the night moon is silver, but this is another story, and also quite interesting.

How did this notion-the "poets of Pushkin's time"-arise? Along with Pushkin created many brilliant lyricists. But in this circle it is logical to introduce poets who were close to the great classics in spirit, shared with him philosophical views, social and civic stand, ethical and aesthetic beliefs, people who argued with the same literary opponents.

Poets of Pushkin's time: list

To compile this list of poets you need to approach very carefully. If it is necessary to include Zhukovsky, Batyushkov and Davydov, Lermontov, Polezhaev and Koltsov should already be attributed to the post-Pushkin epoch, because they already have different problems and pathos in poetry.

However, most often it is believed that Pushkin's time poets are people who lived and worked at one time with Pushkin. And it does not matter how close they were spiritually and from the literary point of view to the great poet, the decisive was only that they were engaged in poetry at the same time and constantly improved their skills, learning from each other.

So who are the poets of Pushkin's time? The list certainly needs to start with such creators as VA Zhukovsky (Svetlana, Morye, Lyudmila, Lesnoy Tsar, Vecher), KN Batiushkov (The Dream, Message to IM Muravyov-Apostol "," My Penates "," Ariost and Tass "," Petrarch "), PA Viazemsky (" The Immortal Flower "," Tears of Farewells "," The Village Church "," The King of Peas " "," Good People "), DV Davydov (Bogomolka, Borodino Field, Hussar Confession, My Song, Wisdom, I Love You So ..., Sizh and Rose "), FN Glinka (" On the Pushkin's piotic life "," Essay on the Battle of Borodino "," Job, free ("To Rubellia," "To My Sister," "The Fall of Leaves," "A Message to the Farmers"), PA Katenin ( Natasha, Murderer, Leshiy, Olga, Andromache) and others who were already established writers, and some were much older in age and more experienced than Pushkin himself. However, after getting to know him, they all felt his powerful influence, both human and creative.

The most widespread and popular theme of the poetry of the golden age were friendly messages. Pushkin's poets Batiushkov and Zhukovsky, whom he considered his teachers, were her ancestors, but then this kind of poetry was perfected and continued by Pushkin himself. Alexander Sergeyevich loved Batiushkov and called him "a quick-thinking philosopher" and a "Parnassian happy sloth", since Batiushkov's poems were distinguished by euphony or, more precisely, by musical sound. He struck with extraordinary alliteration, where the consonant "c" repeats: "happiness in spring is risen"; "More beautiful spring", etc.

Schoolgirls-lyceum students

Then in this list it is necessary to include his classmates-lyceum students and close friends: VK Kiukhelbeker (Griboyedov, Ode to Byron's Death, Arghivyan, 1829, The Destiny of Russian Poets) A. A. Delvig ("A. Pushkin", "Tears of Love", "Sonnet", "Epilogue") and AD Illichevsky (Hope, October 19, Three Blind, Fun And reason "," Mason and carpenter "). By the way, Pushkin called the latter for his sincere charm "a witty friend", "friend and foe", since he was really considered his main rival in poetry.

There were also contemporaries in this list who had met the great poet at different periods of his life, and, of course, thanks to his own talent and talent, they still found their way in the art of literature. This is NM Yazykov ("Storm", "Spring", "AS Pushkin", "Trigorskoye", "Morning"), EA Baratynsky ("Achilles", "Muse", "Waterfall") . Their creative paths were drawing closer, they were at odds with Pushkin.

One more group can be added to this list - they are people who possessed very small talents, but having experienced the powerful influence and charm of Pushkin's genius, they easily mastered the themes and ease of his clear and transparent poetic style. This is KF Ryleev ("Ivan Susanin," "The Death of Ermak," "Demetrius the Pretender"), FA Tumansky ("The Bird", "Elegy," "Motherland"), VI Tumansky ("Odessa ("Loneliness", "White Pages", "The Ghost", "My Old Woman"), D.P. Oznobishin ("The Wreath", " "The Secret of the Prophet", "The Jealous Demon", "The Duma"), AI Podolinsky ("The Lot", "Portrait", "Lesson", "Star"), etc.

Imitators

In this list there were imitators and Pushkin's epigones, who were literally subdued by the poetic talent of the great genius (PA Pletnev, MD Delaru, VN Shchastny, AA Shishkov, EF Rosen) .

In general, all the names mentioned are the poets of Pushkin's time. Davydov, however, Pushkin's elder contemporary, belongs to an honorable place in this list. Pushkin highly valued his poetic works, and he learned to famously "twist" poetry.

Hussar Davydov had a unique and very original poetic voice. He put on the literary mask of a bold and reckless, witty, dashing and gay poet-poet, a poet-shirt who never hesitated to break the usual secular etiquette and decorum, while he preferred the simplicity and straightforwardness of the words to the cutesy mannerisms from which he was bored .

Hussar poet

Indeed, far from angelic were the poets of Pushkin's time. Davydov Denis Vasilyevich among valiant friends was ready for any feats, and between battles indulged in "free revelry." He did not tolerate careerists and servants, every kind of state and drill. He always, even in moments of short rest, did not forget about the Fatherland and the military duty in front of her. His poetry is unique in its own way, it originated in battles, campaigns and breaks between battles, and this he was proud of.

The poets of Pushkin's time are very original. Davydov Denis Vasilievich tried on a mask of a dashing hussar poet and rostrum, so then he did not shoot it any more, as if it were merged with her.

In his lyrics were "hussar" songs, satirical poems and love elegy, he created a new type of hero - a warrior-patriot, freedom-loving, active, open-minded person.

Vyazemsky is a poet of Pushkin's time

In continuation of the topic, it is worth noting that Pushkin loved and respected Vyazemsky very much. It seemed to him that in him the sharp and correct sense of modernity was inherent in nature. He was an extraordinarily erudite man of encyclopedic knowledge.

In addition, Vyazemsky is an adherent and theorist of Russian Romanticism. But in his writings he liked to go into reasoning, which gave the works some dryness and slightly muffled the emotional-romantic mood. His poetic culture was very similar to Pushkin's. Vyazemsky considered himself an heir of the eighteenth century, an admirer of French philosophers such as Voltaire, who represented the brilliant age of the Enlightenment.

Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky was formed as a poet due to his love for enlightenment and reason, he was attracted by liberalism, he was a freethinker, striving for useful civil and state activity. However, in his work he was conservative and most of all he gravitated toward traditional forms of poetry - freedom-loving clothes, a friendly message, melancholic elegies, fables, parables, epigrams, satire and didactics.

A. A. Delvig

One of the poets of the Pushkin era is Anton Antonovich Delvig, who, unlike Vyazemsky, has his romanticism clothed in classical genres. He used ancient, Roman and ancient Greek, poetic dimensions and chose for his poetry a genre of idyll. Here, for example, the action of one story takes place in a cool silence under the canopy of trees at a sparkling spring. His lyrical heroes are whole beings who do not change their feelings and desires. One of his best poems is called "Idyll". Here he talks about the beautiful love of two young people, which they kept to each other forever. In his lyrical sketches, he was able to convey the entire loftiness, depth and nobility of these tender feelings. Nature itself and the gods sympathized with them, and even when the heroes died, the higher powers protected the flame of their love.

When reading the works of Delvig, it may seem that he is a belated classicist who appeared in romantic time (this is suggested by his style, size and genre, taken precisely from the classicists). But it is not worth mentioning it to them. Delvig is a true romantic, yearning for long-lost antiquity, according to that conventional world of classical harmony and harmony.

He is disappointed in a modern society where for a long time already there is no true love and friendship, where a person feels discord with society, with himself and is afraid of the future. Delvig introduced into the genre of idyll alien to this genre of sorrow about the end of the golden age.

Pushkin in this matter agreed with Delvig, he also understood that harmonious and beautiful will sooner or later perish, but later return, only in a completely different guise. Grief and tragedy, despondency and sorrow, like all the beautiful things, are temporary guests in this world and, alas, do not have power forever.

A magnificent crown of the so-called golden age is represented by poets of Pushkin's time. Delvig is another priceless adornment.

N. M. Yazikov

Quite different in tone was the poetry of Nikolai Mikhailovich Yazykov, who wrote about the pathos of the romantic freedom of man. He believed in her unrestrainedly and therefore joyously and carelessly took life. Languages - the poet of Pushkin's time, who loved life and always rejoiced in its bubbling in all its manifestations. Such an attitude did not depend on any philosophical or political views, it was reckless. Languages did not analyze and did not try to understand. His lyrics were aimed at the nature of man as a sovereign and free being. In some of his creations, however, some sadness and sadness slips, but this is very rare, such cases are literally isolated. These states of the soul are not frightening, not exhausting and overcome easily enough.

In the poetic speech of this author expressed a very clear and enthusiastic state, an upbeat mood and great cheerfulness. Hence its central genres - hymns and praises. Any genre, be it an elegy or a song, a romance or a message, can be translated into an anthem or a dithyramb. And in them will necessarily prevail delight and joy.

In order to learn how to clearly express this romantic freedom as the delight of the soul, Yazykov turned to Pushkin, who helped bring his poetic stylistics to perfection. Linguistic poems poured without barriers, words literally poured into each other, mastered the poetic period, he could extend his work without end. An example is the message "D. V. Davydov. "

E. A. Baratynskyi

If they reproached the language of contemporaries in the paucity of thoughts, then in another poet, Baratynsky, the readers did not satisfy their surplus.

Entering the work of Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky, first of all it should be noted that after Pushkin this is the deepest poet of his generation, who came to the literature after Zhukovsky and Batyushkov. In his poetry mostly dominated by elegies and poems. He went into Russian poetry like an excellent poet-elegiac.

The poets of the Pushkin period were very different in their creative intentions. Baratynsky was very different from his colleagues in the pen of Zhukovsky and Batiushkov, who always hoped for the best. Zhukovsky was sure that eternal happiness waits for people in the afterlife and that it is there that they will find peace, tranquility and love. Batyushkov, after his "little philosophy", in which he pointed out that man was born for a quiet solitary life and love, once crashed and immediately began to seek salvation in religion.

But Baratynsky was disappointed in everything, he did not believe in the harmony of peace on earth, let alone in heaven, and also doubted the possibility of happiness "here" and "there." In his opinion, a person is bifurcated and torn from the beginning and therefore can not find harmony with either his soul or the world around him. He believed that this is the law of the world order.

Baratynsky very interestingly reflects on the fact that the human body is mortal and attached to the earth, and the soul is constantly torn to the sky, and it is immortal. But often the soul does not withstand all earthly experiences and dies before the body, and the body as it becomes deprived of reason and feelings, and therefore meaningless. He also thought that man was given passions, through which he lives tense and full, but that life itself is squeezed into a very narrow time frame of fate.

All these contradictions can neither disappear, nor be canceled, nor reconciled, for it is the law of being. Baratynsky is a skeptic, he is not so worried about the feeling of disappointment that arises at all, just thinking about him. He thinks of life as inevitable for a person suffering, which accompanies him from birth to death.

In the work of Baratynsky contemporaries saw a talented poet primarily Pushkin school. But later his work did not understand the critic. But the Russian symbolists, he began to be perceived as a large and independent lyric philosopher, trying to embody in the poetic lines something deep and difficult to transmit.

The values

Pushkin's time, poets did not always work in an atmosphere of peace and harmony. Their literary discussions often took place sharply, bitingly and uncompromisingly, polemical attacks in the discussions very often wounded the self-esteem of opponents.

Apparently, there were certain difficulties in the literary life, but at the same time the poetry of the so-called Pushkin period developed rapidly and reached a high culture. And of course, she owes it primarily to AS Pushkin, deeply, at a brilliant level, comprehended the Russian mechanism of creating poems and brought the words of poetry to incomprehensible perfection.

Pushkin's time the poets opened to us the golden age of Russian literature, which remained an unsurpassed period of the sparkling creative flight of the domestic muse. And now we have the opportunity to enjoy their magnificent labors.

Conclusion

Of course, not only Pushkin had mastery of the language of Russian poetry, but he was the Sun in the sky, which attracted to our planetary system other bright and sparkling, well-marked poetic planets, each of which had the ability to attract more Smaller satellites.

Poets of Pushkin's time - this is a magnificent foundation of all Russian poetry. With their creativity, you should definitely get acquainted and, if possible, study. Unfortunately, this galaxy of poets, grown up by Pushkin's time, is really very large, and there is no way to talk about each one. All of them became the main decoration of the bohemian world of poetry.