Perspective methods of treatment. Bone marrow transplantation

The range of diseases in which stem cell transplantation is used is constantly expanding. Over the past few years, the list of oncological pathologies has significantly increased. Bone marrow transplantation is considered a very promising method of curing various anomalies.

Indications for transplantation

To diseases in which a brain transplant is prescribed, acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia, Ewing's sarcoma and its relapse, neuroblastoma of the 4th stage, severe hypoplastic anemia should be included. Transplantation is performed with complex immune defects of a combined nature, Wiskott Aldridge syndrome and other diseases.

Bone marrow transplantation for children

The operation on transplantation has become more and more irreplaceable lately. Of great importance is a number of factors on which the success of the intervention depends. So, the age of the patient, the state of the whole organism and internal organs, the previously transferred diseases are important. When appointing an operation for transplantation, the specialist takes into account the characteristics of the current ailment. The success of the operation also undoubtedly depends on the availability of a suitable donor. There are three main types of transplantation: from unrelated donors, allogeneic from relatives and autologous. In some cases, the third option is the best option.

Autologous bone marrow transplantation involves taking the biomaterial from the patient himself. It is processed in order to eliminate the present pathology. Subsequently, the bone marrow can be frozen and stored until the moment of its transplantation. A number of diseases require an allogeneic transplantation of cells. In this case, the primary task is to find a suitable donor, first of all, among the relatives of the patient. The candidate takes a blood test for identity and consistency. If it is established, then carry out further research, identifying the blood group and so on. According to statistics, sisters and brothers in twenty percent are suitable typification. This indicator is also characteristic of twins, including those of different origin.

Odnoyaytsevy fit 100%, but good donors are not for all pathologies. As a rule, parents are not suitable as a source of biomaterial for transplantation. This is due to the fact that the child receives half of the specific antigens. The second one is given by the father. As a result, parents do not have enough of half of the necessary substances. In the event that there is no donor in the family, they start searching elsewhere. Sometimes the process drags on for several months.

After receiving the child for transplantation, a conversation with parents is held, the main aspects of the forthcoming therapy are identified. Before the bone marrow transplant is performed, the patient is hospitalized under the supervision of specialists. The patient is given an extensive examination. In addition, the most appropriate postoperative therapy is discussed with the parents, activities related to the recovery period are selected.