Pear "favorite Yakovlev": a description of the variety, features of cultivation, care and feedback

Every year the varieties of pears become more and more. But gardeners do not forget the old, time-tested. One of the known and common varieties is the pear "favorite Yakovlev." What is it interesting?

Creating a variety

Variety of pears "favorite Yakovlev" was created in the All-Union Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants. It was obtained by crossing the varieties "daughter of Blankova" and "bergamot Esperen". The creators - I. Michurin and P. Yakovlev.

Pear "favorite Yakovlev" became popular in the middle band.

Initially, this variety was grown in large areas, now it grows only in private gardens. Pears of this variety are best adopted and fruited in the middle belt: in the Penza, Belgorod, Tambov, Moscow regions.

Variety description

Pear "favorite Yakovlev" ripens in the fall. The variety is valued for yield, resistance to frost and decorativeness.

The tree is tall, its crown is wide-pyramidal. Skeletal branches are located almost perpendicular to the trunk. It grows very quickly. Some gardeners consider this a disadvantage, because the crown of the tree is too wide.

The bark of the large branches is gray, quite smooth. Shoots with a lot of spear and rings on which fruit is formed.

Leaves are regular in shape, pointed, their tips twisted to the side. Flowers simple. In the inflorescences of them is up to 10 pieces. Tsveti pear "favorite Yakovlev" begins later than all varieties. This saves the crop from recurrent frosts.

Productivity

Fruiting begins no earlier than in the fifth year. With age, the number of fruits increases. The first year collect about 1 kg, and from an adult tree - about 30 kg. Each year, the pear is fructified by the "favorite of Yakovlev."

Description of fruits

Fruits broad pear-shaped, large, one-dimensional, weighing from 120 to 180, sometimes 200 g.

On the color they are green-yellow, from a distance they seem brown. Thick, smooth, but dull skin of fruits ripening on the sunny side, is decorated with a weak blush. A large number of cover points are located close to each other.

Saucer (the bottom part) is ribbed, the funnel is shallow.

The pulp is juicy, cream colored, not very dense. Pears are sweet and sour, pleasant to taste, like quince. Under adverse conditions, they become slightly tart.

Inside the pulp there is a certain amount of solid formations. This slightly reduces the quality of the fruit. But all the same gardeners are highly valued pear "favorite Yakovlev."

The description of the variety speaks of its winter hardiness. The branches of adult trees do not freeze even in severe frosts. But young seedlings need to be protected in winter. And not only the branches, but also the roots of plants. For this it is good to use straw siderates. It protects trees from frost and supplies them with minerals.

In the fall, the trunk is wrapped in thick paper, covered, not ramming, with a layer of earth up to 20 cm high. After the snow falls, they throw it as much as possible on the trunks. Thus, the tree is protected not only from frost, but also from mice that in winter can damage the bark of the plant.

Pollinators

The variety has low self-fertility. To get a high yield, you need a pear "favorite Yakovlev" in the neighborhood of other trees. Pollinators are other varieties. It is believed that the best of them is "duchess's summer".

Preparation of a landing site

Young pear seedlings are planted in the ground in spring or autumn. Getting better is better in autumn. Just do not be late with the time of landing. It is better to do this at the end of September.

Two weeks before they plant a pear, they prepare a place for it. The soil for the seedlings must be clay or loamy.

Pear "favorite Yakovlev" tall, so it must be planted so that in the future it does not cover the whole territory of the garden. At the same time, the site should be spacious and light. It grows well on hills and slopes, badly in lowlands.

You yourself can form a small mound and plant a pear in it.

Do not need to plant a pear near the mountain ash. She herself does not hurt, but the pests they have - the same. And first they attack the mountain ash, and then move to the pear.

The pit for the seedling is digged in the size 100x70x70. Fertile land of the upper layer is folded apart from the lower one. Add rotted manure or compost, superphosphate, potassium salt.

Selection of seedlings

Choosing a pear seedling, look at the presence on it of green leaves. At the time of transplantation, the tree must already slow down the sap flow. This is evidenced by the fact that all leaves or a significant part of them have fallen from it.

The trunk must be elastic, without damage, the root system is well developed.

Plant one- or two-year-old seedlings.

Planting

In a prepared pit, a stake with a height of at least 1.5 m is slaughtered, which will serve as a support for the young tree for several years. You can do this after landing, but then there is a risk of damage to the root system.

The roots before planting are slightly pruned to living tissue (this is more the case for spring planting), dipped in a clay chatterbox.

A layer of fertile soil, mixed with fertilizers, is poured onto the bottom of the pit. Install the seedling in the pit. To do this correctly, you first determine where the root neck is. Immerse the seedling in the pit so that after planting it would rise 5 cm above the ground.

Sprinkle the pear with soil so that there are no voids left in the pit. For this, the soil is gently compacted with the foot, controlling the efforts so that the roots do not break.

Tie the tree to the cola. Use a non-rigid material, which twists the trunk in the form of a figure-eight.

Must mulch with humus, peat, straw or fresh grass, which quickly dries up and becomes hay. This will help preserve moisture inside the root system. It is only necessary to make sure that during the abundant and prolonged rains in the near-barrel circle it is not too damp. In this case, the mulch is temporarily removed until the rains stop and the soil dries.

Follow the condition and availability of mulch need the whole season. Refill the layer if it is less than 7 cm.

Care

Caring for a pear "favorite Yakovlev" is easy. It is necessary during the growth to water it regularly, preferably by sprinkling. Watering is done in the morning or in the evening. You can water the trees in the moat, made in the trunk circle.

Trees up to 7 years old enough for 30 liters of water, adults - more.

Be sure to water the pear before flowering and in autumn, before wintering. This will help to form more fruit buds, it is better to suffer frosts.

After the water has absorbed into the soil, loosen the earth around the tree.

Feeding

The pear variety "favorite Yakovlev" reacts well to the feeding. Reviews of experts advise to use for this:

• Humus, manure infusion or chicken manure;
• Mineral fertilizers (in 3-4 years).

Nitrogen fertilizers in the first years of life are made if the tree grows very slowly.

Fertilize, having done in the trunk circle shallow holes for half a meter from the trunk. Before the procedure and after it, the pear is thoroughly watered so that fertilizers do not damage the roots. Then they fill the pits, mulch the territory of the near-trunk circle.

Adult tree, according to reviews of gardeners, it is better not to fertilize much. In order for the fruits to become larger, they perform rejuvenating pruning.

A good result is foliar top dressing. This spraying with a solution of sulfate during flowering, or urea - after yellowing the bulk of the leaves. Such fertilizing strengthens the tree and helps it to survive the winter more easily.

Crown formation

• Branches are removed by cutting into a ring.
• Crown form is sparse-tiered or palmetta.
• Two-year branches of the pear are shortened by a quarter.
• In spring and autumn, pruning of broken branches is carried out.

Every 3 years, cut three-year branches, which no longer form fruit.

Forming and sanitary pruning is carried out in spring and autumn. Remove branches growing in the direction of the crown, one of two parallel, vertical, if any.

Pruning is done with a sharp pruner to avoid damaging the bark of the tree. Keep it at right angles to the branch.

Shear points are treated with a garden crock or other putty.

Diseases and pests

Resistance to scab in the pear of this variety is low. Therefore, it must be constantly processed. Now there is a large number of effective drugs to combat scab.

Pests:

• Leaf rollers;
• Weevils;
• Moth;
• Scutes;
• aphid.

In order to reduce the number of pests in the garden:

• They attract birds there;
• In autumn, the fallen leaves are removed;
• Clean the stems from the old bark, treat them with pest control ("Aktara", "Thunder") and lime;
• Loosen the soil near the tree.

Harvesting

In early September, the pear begins to ripen "the favorite of Yakovlev." Description of the variety, reviews of gardeners indicate that the fruits reach the stage of maturation not together. The period of fruiting is stretched in time, which is pleasant to consumers. After all, they can enjoy the fresh pears longer.

The first fruits should be removed in mid-September. And they are consumed in October and early November.

Using

Fruits are used to make a delicious jam. But more often they are used fresh. Stored for three months can pear "favorite Yakovlev." Description, expert reviews say that this variety will long be at the peak of popularity.

The tree is valuable not only for its fruits. It itself can be a garden ornament.