"Nikita": a brief summary. "Nikita" Platonova what teaches?

Today it is popular, even in the curriculum on literature, Andrei Platonov is being studied. "Nikita" is a short story of this writer, which is recommended for junior school age.

Time has passed when this man, now a recognized classic, was declared to be persecuted, led by loyal subjects of literature. When a person who creates real national spiritual values, was forced to live on his wife's salary. When his son, in order to bring more suffering to his father, was imprisoned under a far-fetched pretext. When the father took his son, a tuberculosis patient, to die home, he contracted and died himself. Is not this why he writes his Platonic story in such a touching and paternal way? He does not go by Bulgakov's satire. But in the wrong lines from the point of view of constructing phrases, Platonov feels the dramatic nature of this artistic power.

Who, if not a writer, is able to combine fiction and reality with the marvelous lace of his imagination? Ironically, in the 20th century, among the shaft of customized Soviet literature, there were real creators, like Andrei Platonov, suffering, but going against the current, carrying the crown of thorns of the successors of the case to LN. Tolstoy and F.M. Dostoevsky.

Household Tales - what is it?

How much imagination and love for people should have a word wizard, writing household tales! All this fully reflects even a brief summary. "Nikita" Platonov Andrey Platonovich (the subject of this article) allows you to feel the depth and strength of the author's talent. The writer worked hard on his unique authorial exposition, "homemade", "awkward", but surprisingly touching. In his fairy tales, there are no magicians and fairies, there are no superheroes. They are inhabited by ordinary people, not at all ideal. However, those who read them still acknowledge that the works of Platonov are magical in their own way, the special magic of good, which is much stronger than the most "heaped up" witchcraft.

Platonic style

The peculiar Platonic language of presentation, intertwined with a lexical, grammatical non-standard inherent in children's speech, somehow strikingly integrally creates a picture of a single world surrounding a person. You will feel this by reading the summary. "Nikita" Platonov leaves the impression that the world of the story is whole, alive, and in it "everything is connected with everything."

For the seeming simplicity of presentation and the primitiveness of the plot, one can see the depth and wisdom of Andrei Platonov, who perceives the world through a prism as multilayered and multifaceted as the classics of the golden period of Russian literature of the late 19th century.

Artistic features of narration

The main character of the Platonic story is the five-year-old boy Nikita. His father is called to war, and his mother earns workdays from morning till late at night to support himself and the child. Vivid impressions of a child who is not deprived of imagination make up for this story a brief content. "Nikita" Platonov leads the reader to realize the dramatic contrast between the child's imagined fantasy of animate world and the actual world: gray, beggarly, wretched. Behind the lace of the author's fantasy, creating the integrity of the narrative, touching the reader's feelings, reveals both the harsh realism and the sufferings of ordinary people from the unsettledness of their lives.

Main character

How to start outlining the summary? Nikita Platonova generously shares her readers with her imaginative vision of the surrounding world. Fiction and reality mingled in it. However, there are also strikes of realism in the child's perception of the world.

Mother, working in the field from morning till night, can not even feed him breakfast and a full dinner. Nikita is as independent as a five-year-old can be. He firmly knows and does his daily "business": do not burn the house, collect chicken eggs, protect "your" cock from the next rooster cock, do not forget to have lunch with milk and bread ... Nikita receives hot food once a day only in the evening, when Mom comes home from work. However, the narrative of the author is so enthralling that poverty turns out to be a veiled screen of children's fantasies. It is their wealth in the first place and shows in his story "Nikita" Platonov. Readers' comments about the writer's work reflect an increased interest in his work, that he is relevant and in demand.

Contemplation instead of education

On the one hand, the child grows like a stalk in the field, with little or no upbringing, but on the other, the boy already has the main thing in life. He loves his mother, feels responsible for "our economy", remembers his late grandfather, touching, childlike, associating it with a gentle sun.

Nikita remembers how earlier he was content with contemplating flies, sparrows, spiders. Since there is no one to give him attention, the child studies the subject, animate it. At the same time, he transfers to him everything he knows about the world of adults. For example, a barrel standing in a barn, he considers as a place where a small peasant hid in the afternoon, and certainly with a beard. It was not until he cut this beard, that the other day he took scissors from the mother of the boy. Generally speaking, he is narrow-minded. It sleeps during the day, while it is necessary to weed millet. After all, otherwise the collective farm accountant will not count him a work day, and the bread, accordingly, will not have a peasant. Obviously inscribed a hint of the collective farm way of life in the village in the story "Nikita" Platonov. The authorities' responses to such courage of this creative personality were unambiguous - "kulak henchman", and Joseph Stalin was still laconic - "bastard".

Revived items around the house

Let's return to the storyline ... So, from the cask the kid ran away. It was enough to hear "woohan" in the distance. By the way, for some reason the little people with which the boy's imagination inhabited various objects, for example a well, are almost always harmful. "Kolodyaznye", for example, the inhabitants, of course, nafantazirovannye maltsom - thick, sparrow-like with a sparrow, wet and aggressive, such can quite drink the eyes of the sleeping guys. Why does the child's fantasy acquire frightening forms? The reason is psychological: only the climate unfavorable for a comfortable life of people in the country could awaken such associations in the minds of children.

Platonov's story "Nikita" tells that wherever the kid goes, some of his invented essences pursue him. Perhaps they are snake-like, living in burrows. They in the middle of the night can and crawl into their hut and basely sting him or her mother in a dream. Platonov's story "Nikita" further takes the boy to the garden, where a stump protrudes, resembling a head that looks out of the ground. This head is also threatened, but of a different kind. Stump-head can quite eat all the cabbage in the garden, leaving the boy and his mother without a cabbage soup in the cold and hungry winter. The abandoned bathhouse, in which the deceased grandfather used to be "once in a black" style, resembles a wicked, curved old woman.

The boy was scared in earnest. To the verge of a nervous shock brings him to Platonov. The story "Nikita" further brings the fears of the boy to their apogee. When, after meeting with the stump-head, he lay down on the ground and pressed his ear to her, then he heard some voices there. "Yes, they are ubiquitous!" - thought the boy about people living in the ground. Now even his home cottage seemed to him hostilely grumbling. Even she did not like him and his mother for the fact that the damage from them, because how much wheat bread is wasted on them!

The child's heart intuitively feels the hostility of the surrounding world.

Father returned

However, there is someone who saves the baby from this ubiquitous hostility, Platonov believes. The story "Nikita" immerses the boy in the saving rays of the grandfather-sun. Perhaps, so the soul of the late grandfather protects his grandson. The kid, caressed by the rays of the sun, calms down and goes home, to his mother, waiting for him with dinner. He opens the front door and sees that his mother is not alone at home, with her some old soldier. This is the father who returned from the war. In short, but accurate strokes, showing the soul of a loving father that has suffered for a long time ("it's time for you and your mother to think," "the century will be with you"), creates its whole and deep image of the Platons (Nikita). The main characters - the son, mother, father - again together.

The father is the father ...

How did the boy perceive his father, who, in principle, did not remember? His father went to the front when he was still a baby. He believed this "old uncle". The boy's soul entered into a kinship resonance with the soul of his father. He believed him and trusted, as his son believes, he felt that their family had finally become complete. How does all this show the writer? Not numerous sentimental words, but again one short, precise stroke of the artist. The boy went out and told everyone that now their father will live with them. How simple and talented is the story of Platonov! "Nikita", whose main characters are solid, deep, created concisely and exhaustively, in a word, masterfully, became the "calling card" of the author.

Paternal upbringing

Now the main character of the story felt differently. Of course, the growing boy did not have a father. After all, in the education of the future of a man, not only the mother should take part. If the mother's love is always unconscious, programmed by nature itself, the love of the father is always objective, socially-oriented. We are approaching the answer to the question about what the story of Platonov "Nikita" teaches. First of all, after returning home, the boy's dad inspected various instruments. However, soon we are convinced that he is not only a master, but also a teacher. The boy, under the guidance of his father, who hammered his first nail, remarks that he reminds a kind man. The boy is delighted and surprised - at last, a good being!

Created by good and eternal work

Father contributes to the formation of the son's assessments of himself and the world around. This is what Platonov ("Nikita") writes about. The main idea that he brings back from the front, his child, is that everything created by work is good. Therefore, labor is important. And what is seen and pre-fantasized is fragile, that's why it is often associated with evil. So, in simple simple words, he outlines priorities for his son in later life.

Knowingly the image of the father informs the writer to the reader through the attitude to work. This is not accidental. The father of Andrei Platonovich himself, the engine driver of the locomotive Klimentov Platon Firsovich, who brought up a real worker from him, did not just respect work. He was twice awarded the title of Hero of Labor. Perhaps the words of his father decorated the story of Platonov ("Nikita"). The main idea of the story concerns the importance of establishing a peculiar boundary between fiction and the results of labor. Created by the hands of man firmly, reliably, serves him well.

Kind heart

A good nail-man became the cornerstone that changed the consciousness of Nikita. At the same time, the father warns his son with a possible explanation: "Is the fantasy world good or bad?" The reason - in the sympathy and mercy of the boy, generously filling the life surrounding objects and nature. The father approves of this property of his nature, believing that if he retains it, the son will save his kindness for many years to come. These paternal judgments are deeply humane and wise in nature, because a man who is dry, devoid of imagination, as a rule, is also deprived of humanity.

An analysis of Platonov's story "Nikita" is also valuable from the standpoint of forming in the minds of a five-year-old boy the concepts of the male subculture, the direction of his interests, the understanding of the main direction of his development through work.

This work, like the entire creative legacy of the writer, became accessible to a wide readership only in the mid-1980s.

Conclusion

The readers of this work, of course, feel how deeply the author is getting along with his characters. Even a brief summary of Platonov's story "Nikita" makes it clear which deep writer, the real engineer of human souls was Platonov. Having fundamentally abandoned Party ideology, he placed the personality of a person in the basis of each of his works.

Andrei Platonovich dreamed that everyone was rich and happy. In the revolution, he saw the impoverishment and deceit of people, and in the war - their bitterness.

Besides, he could not lie, did not want to write pathetic. His best works were not printed by Soviet publishers, he "wrote them on the table." However, he certainly had his own unique style.