Nevus Settona: signs, causes, diagnosis and treatment

There are many varieties of cutaneous neoplasms. They are unique in shape and size, have specific characteristics. Among the whole variety of skin neoplasms, the greatest interest of physicians is caused by nevi. These are small moles that can be found anywhere on the body. They are not dangerous, do not require specific treatment, but give each person a certain feature. Neville Setton differs from the usual birthmark. What it is necessary to know about this pathology?

a brief description of

Under Settus nevus is meant pigmented formation, surrounded by areas of colorless skin. It painlessly and slightly rises above the surface of the dermis. It is because of the presence of a specific rim, the neoplasm is also called halonews. According to clinical observations, this pathology is found in about 1% of the world's inhabitants. She is not congenital, but appears in childhood or adolescence.

Causes

Galoneuvus belongs to the category of melanomonous pathologies, which distinguishes it from the usual birthmark or pigmented spot. The development of the neoplasm requires constant observation, since at any time it is possible to expect malignancy, that is, malignancy. The exact reasons for its occurrence are not clear.

Some researchers suggest that the excessive exposure of ultraviolet radiation to the skin underlies the emergence of such a pathology as the Settus nevus. Vitiligo is another reason for the appearance of the neoplasm. This is a genetic disease characterized by a lack of pigment in limited areas of the skin. The development of vitiligo with halonews may be preceded by hormonal changes. It is also believed that the Setton spot is a kind of autoimmune reaction of the body. His adherents believe that the appearance of a colorless border around the birthmark is due to the destruction of melanocytes by the elements of the immune system. This theory is confirmed by studies during which cytotoxic antibodies were detected in the blood of patients.

Clinical manifestations

The development of Setton's nevus takes place in two stages. First, a normal mole is formed, but only after that a colorless rim is formed. In this form, Setton's nevus can remain for several years, then the regression stage begins. Initially, the pigmented part is lost. The discolored rim disappears gradually, acquiring a shade of normal skin.

Visually, the nevus resembles a hemispherical formation with clear boundaries, which slightly rises above the surface of the skin. Its color can range from light brown to almost black. Most often, halonews are localized on the skin of the hands and trunk, less common on the face. In most cases, several Setton spots are observed simultaneously. In the literature, a case is described where the number of such birthmarks on the patient's body exceeded 100 pieces.

Methods of diagnosis

The classical clinical picture of pigmented education and the staging of its development make it possible to easily diagnose the correct one. It is much harder to recognize Setton's nevus, whose photo is presented just above, against the background of vitiligo. In this case, an additional examination is required, which includes:

• Dermatoscopy. Using hardware diagnostics, you can study the structure of a birthmark.
• Siascopy. This non-invasive method of examination makes it possible to estimate the distribution of melanin.

When you need additional advice from a dermatooncologist? Some varieties of melanoma in the early stages have symptoms similar to Setton's spot. Therefore, in order to exclude the malignant nature of the neoplasm, a biopsy of the mole is carried out, followed by a histological study of the material.

Methods of treatment and recommendations of doctors

Specific therapy nevus Setton does not imply. The patient is recommended to visit the dermatologist on a regular basis and follow the development of the neoplasm. It is necessary to protect the skin from ultraviolet rays. Before going outside, you need to use special cosmetics. On the area of the nevus should be applied a thicker layer of cream. Cosmetics should be selected with the maximum degree of protection. Stick on the mole patch is not worth it. The skin under it will sweat, which can lead to irritation. You can take sun baths in the morning before 11 and in the evening after 17 hours. At this time, the sun is the least active. From visiting the solarium doctors are advised to refuse.

If it is impossible to differentiate Settton's nevus from melanoma, an operation is prescribed. During the intervention, the surgeon dissects the formation with the capture of healthy skin areas and a discolored rim. After the operation, a cosmetic suture is applied to the damaged areas.

Is it necessary to treat Sett's nevus in a child?

If after the diagnosis the doctor confirms the good quality of education, no specific therapy is required. However, it is necessary to constantly monitor changes in the skin, and with pronounced growth of the nevus, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist.

In what other cases should the child be taken to the doctor?

1. Change in the shape of the pigment, blurring the boundaries of the growth.
2. Inflammatory process on the skin at the spot of Setton's spot.
3. Pronounced darkening of the nevus.
4. Appearance of pain, itching or irritation in the area of a mole.

Taking into account the listed changes in the pathological process, after carrying out the diagnosis the specialist will be able to select a treatment for the child.

Forecast for patients

If you follow all the recommendations of a doctor, use sunscreen cosmetics for the skin, the forecast in most cases is favorable. Neville Setton in a teenager or a child usually regresses on his own. However, from the moment of origin to its complete disappearance, it may take several years. In medical practice, the cases of degeneration of education in melanoma were not met. Because of the similarity of the symptoms of pathological processes, in order to exclude the malignant nature of the birthmark, it is necessary to undergo a survey.

Preventive measures

Is it possible to prevent the development of such a pathology as the Settus nevus? Removing the neoplasm, despite all the painlessness and safety of the operation, scares many patients. Therefore, they are interested in the issue of prevention. Specific measures to prevent the pathological process does not exist, since the reasons for its occurrence have not been completely clarified.

When a halonevus appears on the skin, sunlight should be avoided. Ultraviolet exposure can adversely affect the mole and its rim, causing a burn. In addition, patients with Setton's spot should avoid stress. Strong emotional experiences often act as triggers for the onset of autoimmune reactions.