Names of works of Old Russian painting. Images of Old Russian Painting

Old Russian painting is directly connected with the art of Byzantium, or rather it is its powerful branch. Since its development is associated with the baptism of Rus, the main drawings depict the faces of saints and biblical subjects. The names of the works of ancient Russian art are confirmed by that: "Annunciation of Ustyug", "The Virgin of Oranta", "Nativity of Christ". This direction existed for several centuries.

Picturesque era

The history of Old Russian painting is conventionally divided into two large periods. The first continued from the middle of the IX to the XIII century. It is called the art of Kievan Rus.

The second period is connected with the formation of the Moscow state. During its development (from XIII to XVII centuries.) Written an incredible number of valuable works of art. Large periods, in turn, are divided into smaller stages, which are associated with certain historical events that have left their imprint on images and storylines. The names of works of ancient Russian painting, which were created even in the pre-Christian period, are unknown.

The pagan faith in the spirits of the elements, the worship of them, left us a legacy of the horns of the tour, encrusted with fine silver, various images of the sun, birds, flowers - everything that the people of that time believed. In Kiev, preserved houses of idols, dating back to 980. Images of ancient Russian painting were associated with Perrun, Hors, Makosh and other pagan gods.

The role of Byzantium in the artistic development of Russia

The history of the Byzantine branch began with the baptism of Rus Prince Vladimir. Many craftsmen were invited, erecting temples and teaching this craft and icon painting of local craftsmen. The oldest church was wooden. Unfortunately, it did not survive.

At the beginning of the XIII century, the army of Batu ruined almost all Russian cities. In the surviving Pskov and Novgorod, craftsmen continued to create. One of them was the famous Theophanes the Greek, a native of Byzantium. He worked himself and trained apprentices, one of whom was Andrei Rublev. The names of works of ancient Russian icon painting - "Annunciation", "Archangel Gabriel", "Descent into Hell" and many others - are widely known even to those who are not fond of art deeply.

Rublev's iconography

The icons and frescoes of Andrei Rublev became a model for imitation of all other generations. All of them are permeated with contemplation and humility, warmth and love for Christ. This characteristically distinguishes his work from the works of Theophanes the Greek, who taught Rublev. The Byzantine master wrote energetically and tragically, he created. Andrei Rublev invested part of his own soul in each of his plot. Ancient Russian painting of the icon painter does not leave indifferent neither connoisseurs nor ordinary people.

By the end of the XV century, when Russia got rid of the yoke of the Tatar-Mongol, Moscow began to flourish and turned into a real center - the capital of the most powerful state. Architecture was in full swing. The Moscow Kremlin was upset beyond recognition. A large architectural ensemble appeared that decorated the Cathedral Square. Temples were decorated with a huge number of icons and frescoes of extraordinary beauty.

The whole world

At this moment, applied art again flourishes . Princely and boyar families began to order the master unique carved items, cups, dishes, most of which was presented to monasteries and temples.

It is widely known to sew ancient Rus. A significant part of it is represented in the Solovki Monastery. Craftsmen embroidered veils "Cyril Belozersky", marigold iconostases, "Our Lady of the Burning" and others. All of them are represented in the Russian Museum and constitute a significant part of the artistic heritage of the Russian state.

The XVII century is famous for its artistic splash in architecture. The most important property is the Armory Chamber, created by the best masters. The same time was marked by the beginning of portrait art in Russia. The royal faces were depicted in the technique of icon painting. The names of works of Old Russian painting in the parsun creativity are widely known, for example, "Chinese Cross" by Bogdan Saltanov.

The events of 1917 led to the domination of atheism. Many monuments of ancient Russian painting and architecture were lost forever, which led to the impossibility of studying the great Orthodox era. However, many years later, interest in its history took precedence and now, at its peak, the icons again occupy their rightful place in Russian churches.