Myasishchev Vladimir Nikolaevich. General and experimental psychology of individuality

First he, like his father, wanted to become a lawyer, but after graduating from the first course of the law faculty, student Myasishchev Vladimir Nikolayevich was transferred to a medical school. The boy was always interested in general and experimental psychology and psychology of individuality. Under the leadership of Professor Lazursky and academician Bekhterev, he began his scientific work, which was published in the journal "Herald of Psychology."

Vladimir Myasishchev. Biography: childhood

The future scientist was born July 11 in 1893 in the city of Friedrichstadt (Latvia). My father Nikolai Myasishchev was a justice of the peace, and Vladimir Nikolaevich's mother, Evgenia Arsenyevna - the daughter of secret counselor Lavrov, was engaged in housekeeping.

After the death of his father, the family moved to the city of Nikolaev, where Vladimir Nikolayevich's childhood passed. Having received an excellent home education, the boy began to give private lessons and financially help the family at the age of fourteen. Since childhood Myasishchev Vladimir Nikolaevich was fond of literature, music, fine arts - all this attracted him to the study of man, his thoughts, feelings, emotional experiences.

Young years of the scientist

During the First World War, a young scientist went to serve as a brother of mercy in a psychiatric hospital in Sivoritsy in the Petrograd province, then worked in a hospital of this type in Gatchina, served as a paramedic in the village of Petrograd district. He could continue his studies only in 1919 and in the same year received a diploma of graduation from the institute.

His further life activity is connected with science. Working at the Pedagogical Reflexology Institute, Myasishchev Vladimir Nikolaevich worked in parallel at the State Institute for Brain Research, where he soon became the head of the psychiatry sector.

Beginning in 1921 Myasishchev began to teach independently at the highest pedological courses, and from 1929 he became a professor in the Department of Psychology.

Teachers Myasishchev

His main tutor and teacher was Alexander Fedorovich Lazursky, who died prematurely at forty-three. It was Lazursky who formed Vladimir Nikolaevich as a thoughtful scientist and as a caring, discerning doctor. Therefore, it was not accidental that it was VN Myasischev who took the place of the head of the best psychological laboratory, where he worked with Lazursky and Bekhterev before his death (1927).

By decision of Bekhterov, Vladimir Nikolayevich had to finish and prepare for printing the work of Lazursky "Classification of personalities." Working on this task, the scientist completely immersed himself in the study of the problem of a healthy and sick person. Understanding a person as an integral personality, where the body and personality are interconnected, Myasishchev, in order to explain the subjective, psychological personality of a person, has studied the objective and psychophysiological aspects.

Vladimir Myasishchev. «Psychology of relations»

Later, this remarkable scientist began to study the system of relations of a person's personality. He first introduced the concept of "attitude" in psychology. Its meaning was that the attitude is this (form), as a person reflects the world around him.

In the process of life, the reality surrounding the person changes, and, accordingly, his role and perception of the world picture change. Everyone has different ways: someone "strongly" reconstructs this "picture", while someone does not really, but still, his interaction with various facets of the world changes. Vladimir Nikolaevich Myasishchev, as a confirmation of his theory, liked to rely on the practical work of AS Makarenko, who believed that it was impossible to isolate, "turn off" the personality from relationships. And the worse, the "defective" attitude, the stronger they lead to deviations in the mind of man, his formation. And vice versa, the healthier social and pedagogical relations, the more they develop the moral and psychologically healthy qualities of a person.

The influence of labor on the development of personality

In the twenties of the last century VN Myasishchev began to study the work activity of man and especially paid time to the labor education of children. The scientist believed that labor forms a healthy person, if only it is properly treated.

In 1923, the scientist built the Institute of Labor Education for sick (defective) children and for twelve months was its director. In addition to scientific works, the scientist was an active public figure. For example, he studied the impact of labor at the Triangle factory, studied the work of radio workers, teachers, actors. At the same time he prepared and published works, was a member of the editorial board of scientific journals.

The war years. Conclusion

During the Second World War, Myasishchev stayed in Leningrad and survived the blockade, while leading the Bekhterev Research Institute, where he placed a temporary hospital. Even in these difficult years, the scientist did not leave work, he studied the influence of brain injuries, wounds. With the help of his research, Vladimir Nikolaevich was able to develop the consequences of the ratio of various factors in mental deviation.

Vladimir Myasishchev always with great respect spoke about colleagues, scientists who gave their own strengths in order to create a new domestic psychology and psychotherapy. He gave lectures to students and those who wished to improve their qualifications. Conducted practical classes in the Bekhterev Research Institute. For fifty years, the scientist has trained a large number of psychologists and psychotherapists. His work did not remain without rewards, Vladimir Nikolayevich kept medals, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of Lenin and many letters of thanks.

The scientist Myasishchev Vladimir Nikolaevich died on October 4, 1973. In his person Russia lost a great man.