President of Brazil: photo, biography. First President of Brazil

The current president of Brazil is the 36th in the bill since the founding of the presidential republic and the introduction of this post in 1891.

The emergence of the kingdom

Interestingly, until 1889, Brazil was a kingdom. How could the monarchy arise in the Portuguese colony? At first Juan VI in 1806 officially made his capital the South American city of Rio de Janeiro. He was saved, therefore, from Napoleon, who seized one European country after another. But then, in fact, Brazil remained a colony and managed the metropolis only by will. In 1821, the king returned to Portugal, and his son Pedro I remains the viceroy of Brazil.

The end of the monarchy and the first president

In the absence of the king, the opposition of the absolutists intensified in Portugal, which demanded the abolition of the monarchy in general. In order to preserve power, Pedro I declares Brazil an independent kingdom that existed until the establishment of the Presidential Republic of Brazil.

Manuel Dedora da Fonseca is the first president of Brazil. A native of the family of the military aristocracy, Deodoros da Fonseca, in 1886, he headed the province of Rio Grande do Sul and became the head of the abolitionist movement that advocated the abolition of slavery. In 1889, he led a military coup, and the monarchy fell, and Deodor and Fonseca became head of the interim government. February 26, 1891 he was proclaimed the head of the republic. But the first president of Brazil did not have a country development program and could not hold power. In the same year, 1891, on November 23, Congress announced impeachment. In August next year, Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca died.

Stages of building a republic

The time of development of this largest country in South America after the overthrow of the monarchy is conditionally divided into 5 periods. The first of these is the Old Republic. The time of its existence begins in 1889 and ends in 1930. It is followed by the Era of Vargas - 1930-1945 and the time of the Second Republic - 1946-1964. The military dictatorship, which began in 1964, ends in 1985. Nowadays, or the New Republic, came to replace the Military dictatorship in 1985 and continues to this day.

New Times

The period of democratization of society began after the expiry of the term of office of the last military president. The first civilian president of Brazil Tankredu Nevis (1910-1985) was elected to this post by the Commission of Electors, but died before he even had the time to take the oath.

The next president, José Nevis, was marked by the fact that, at the very beginning, he had legalized ten parties (even communist ones), and most importantly, under his leadership, a new democratic constitution of the country was drafted and adopted on October 5, 1988, which is still in force today . According to her, the President of Brazil was elected by universal popular vote. In 1997, the constitution was amended to permit the incumbent president to run for a second term.

Beautiful and influential

The penultimate president of Brazil (photo attached) Luis Inacio Lula da Silva was in power from 2003 to 2011.

And since January 1, 2011 the country was headed by the beautiful Dilma Van Rusef (Russeff). The biography of this bright woman is very interesting.

In 2005, she headed the da Silva administration, becoming the first woman in this position in the country's history. And before that from 2003 to 2005. She was the Minister of Energy. This was a very difficult part of the economy, because at the end of the second presidential term, Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2003), the country experienced an energy crisis, especially in the southern regions.

Since January 1, 2011, Mrs. Russef is the President of Brazil. The woman was elected to this post for the first time. In 2011-2012. Dilma Russef was recognized by the Forbes magazine as the third most influential woman in the world.

A half European woman

The current President of Brazil (photo can be seen in this article) was born in 1947 in the family of a Bulgarian political exile. An active member of the Communist Party of Bulgaria, Pyotr Rusev was forced to leave his homeland in 1929. In France he changed his name to Roussef.

After visiting Argentina, Dilma's father permanently settled in Brazil, where, after a while, he married the local girl Dilma Janet Coimbra Silva. In the family of the current president of Brazil, three children grew up. So, Dilma has an older brother Igor and a younger sister of Jean Lucia. All children received a good initial classical education, which included music (piano) and foreign language studies.

Paternal genes

Dilma Van, who graduated from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in 1977 with a major in economics, is fluent in Portuguese, Portuguese, French, English and Spanish. The current president of Brazil, whose biography was associated with revolutionary activity since youth, was engaged in politics after the military coup of 1964. As a result, the lawfully elected 24th president of this country, João Gelard, was deposed and fled abroad.

In her younger years, Dilma Russef belonged to the radical grouping of the Socialist Party, which was called the National Liberation Team. Its goal was an armed struggle against the military dictatorship. The girl herself did not take part in hostilities, but still two years from 1970 to 1972. Spent in prison.

The legal politician

In those terrible years in many countries of Latin America in power were bloody military dictators. It is impossible and terrible to imagine that such a charming and beautiful woman in torture chambers was tortured and beaten. From the prison, Mrs. Russef went sick. Later this courageous woman was engaged only in legal political activity. For quite a long period of time, Dilma Russef was a member of the Democratic Labor Party. But since the 1990s, she moved to the Workers' Party, which worked closely with Luis Inácio Lula da Silva.

And in 2010 she was nominated for the post of president of the country. Its program was fully supported by the then head of state. In the first round of elections, held on October 3, 2010, she won almost 47% of the vote, bypassing Jose Serra, a representative of the Social Democratic Party. Having typed in the second round of 56% of voices, Dilma Russef became the first woman-president of the most developed country of South America.

Bright personality and strong woman

The name of the president of Brazil, many people know in our country. After all, this country, together with Russia, is part of the BRICS, which is widely discussed in the media.

As for her private life, Dilma Russef was married twice. The only daughter of the President of Brazil, born in a second marriage, recently gave her a grandson.

In 2009, this strong woman managed to defeat a terrible disease - cancer of the lymph nodes. This story, like the scandal with the wiretapping of its phones by the NSA, is memorable to everyone. The current president of Brazil, Dilma Russef, has two top foreign awards - Spain and Bulgaria.