Muscle

Muscle tissue provides motor reactions in the body. This is due to its ability to excite and reduce. According to the type of structure, it is smooth, striated, skeletal and cardiac.

The composition of smooth muscle tissue includes mononuclear cells (spindle-shaped myocytes). Their length is from twenty to five hundred microns. This muscular tissue is characterized by the ability to slowly contract and relax. Her activity is involuntary. It is included in the composition of the walls of the lymphatic and blood vessels, as well as the digestive tract and urinary tract.

The striated muscular tissue of the skeleton consists of multinuclear (up to hundred or more nuclei) myocytes of large (several centimeters) in length and of the diameter of the order of one micron. Its microscopic structure is an alternation of light and dark bands. This fabric is characterized by a high speed of relaxation and contraction. It is included in the muscles of the skeleton, the pharyngeal wall and the upper part of the esophagus. Her activities are arbitrary (managed by a person).

Muscular tissue of the cardiac striae consists of multinucleated cells (cardiomyocytes). They form a branched structure with joints (insert discs), where their cytoplasm is unified. This tissue formed a cardiac myocardium. Its main properties include the ability to relax and contract rhythmically under the action of excitation arising in the cells. Her activities are not controlled by man (involuntary).

Damage to soft tissue can be open (wound) or closed. According to the type of appearance, there are different pressures, tears, sprains and bruises. In winter, as a rule, there are closed damages. This is caused by a large number of falls. With closed damage, the skin of the site of the pathological focus can maintain integrity. This, in turn, prevents the penetration of microorganisms into the affected area and the development of purulent (in some cases, acute) infection.

The cause of the injury is a rapid and short-term effect of blunt character on any area of the body. In this case, the mechanism of this trauma can be a blow with a blunt object or a blow about it.

The cause of the stretching of the tissue is the impact on it of two forces directed to the opposite sides. There is no violation of its anatomical continuity. As a rule, the ligamentous apparatus in the region of the joints is strongly affected.

With a strong stretching of the tissue, it breaks. In this case, a violation of its anatomical continuity is observed.

The compression syndrome is defined as a pathologically severe condition. The cause of its occurrence is the closed damage of rather extensive zones of soft tissues under the influence of a large mechanical force, which, in some cases, lasts for a long time. The nature of the injuries can be different.

Necrosis of soft tissues occurs in cases of violation or termination of their nutrition, due to clamping or damage to feeding vessels. As a rule, its detection and determination of its boundaries is possible directly on the skin wound site. Violation or cessation of tissue nutrition at the edge of the wound may result from an incorrectly incision, severe skin damage, or technically incorrect suturing.

Necrosis during the first days of healing have the appearance of pale or cyanotic parts of the skin. Gradually their color becomes brown. Skin necrosis should be maintained in a dry state. Do not prematurely remove them completely, as they perform the function of a sterile bandage. When wet necrosis occurs, they must be removed immediately, in order to avoid the formation of deep purulent accumulations.