Vagoinsular crises: symptoms and treatment

In critical situations, our body reacts unpredictably. This is due to changes in the autonomic nervous system. As a result, acute conditions develop - crises. They are characterized by severe impairment of the internal organs. There are several varieties of crises. All of them are considered dangerous, and require urgent treatment. If assistance is not rendered on time, a fatal outcome may occur . Allocate a sympathoadrenal, hypertonic, vagoinsular crisis. Symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of such conditions are described in this article.

The concept of vagoinsular crisis

As is known, the autonomic nervous system controls the work of almost all internal organs. Under the influence of strong stimuli, its functioning is disrupted. As a result, failures occur in the body. Mostly they are associated with stressful effects. Vagoinsular crises are characterized by a sharp release of pancreatic hormone into the blood. This leads to changes in the functioning of the vagus nerve, which is responsible for the operation of vital systems. The main symptoms of vagoinsular crisis are: general weakness, lower blood pressure, red dermographism. Often, this condition is noted in people suffering from vegetovascular dystonia.

Crisis is characterized by a sharp appearance of signs of cardiac and respiratory failure. There may be pathological changes on the part of the gastrointestinal tract. Acute seizure (paroxysm) is diagnosed both in the adult population and in children. Most vegetative-vascular dystonia is detected in adolescence and young age.

Difference from sympathoadrenal crisis

To acute disorders of the autonomic nervous system include sympatho adrenal and vagoinsular crisis. These pathological conditions differ in the mechanism of development and clinical signs. In both cases, urgent medical attention is required, since each of these conditions can lead to death. Sympathoadrenal crisis is characterized by a sharp increase in the level of hormones in the cortical layer of the adrenal glands. They cause excitation of the central and autonomic nervous system. The release of adrenaline is accompanied by tachycardia, increased blood pressure and a sense of anxiety and fear. Another name for this pathology is a panic attack.

In contrast to the sympathoadrenal crisis, with an increase in insulin levels in the blood, opposite symptoms are observed. The parasympathetic nervous system begins to predominate over the sympathetic department. There is a slowing down of the heart, relaxation of blood vessels, narrowing of the bronchi, etc.

Causes of development of a pathological condition

There are many reasons why a vagoinsular crisis can develop. Among them, both endo- and exogenous effects. More often the pathological condition develops against a background of a nervous overstrain. Vagoinsular crises are also observed with changes in the endocrine and cardiovascular systems. After all, all organs are connected through innervation. The causes of the crisis include:

1. Injuries of the brain.
2. Vascular disorders. Most often they occur against the background of cervical osteochondrosis, increase blood pressure.
3. Neurotic states.
4. Excessive emotional and physical activity.
5. Vegeto-vascular dystonia due to weighed heredity.
6. Pathologies of the thyroid gland.
7. Diabetes.
8. Cardiological diseases.
9. Mental disorders.
10. Severe intoxication of the body.

Vagoinsular crisis in childhood develops due to complications of childbirth and pregnancy. To vegeto-vascular dystonia people are prone to head injuries during infancy. Paroxysms caused by an increase in insulin levels in the blood often occur in children whose parents suffer from vagotonia.

Risk Factors for Crisis Development

Despite the fact that almost all people undergo nervous and physical overstrain, vagoinsular crises develop only in a certain part of the population. This is due to a hereditary predisposition to this condition, which is of great importance. More often, vegetative-vascular dystonia is diagnosed in women of young age.

The risk factors include features of the human psyche, nutrition, the presence of bad habits, associated pathological conditions, lifestyle, etc. Crises can occur in the following cases:

1. In the presence of a permanent nerve strain. For example, due to heavy mental work.
2. If a person for a long time keeps emotions in himself, that is, he is an introvert.
3. People who are prone to obesity. Hypercholesterolemia refers to risk factors for vagotonia.
4. When you abuse caffeine.
5. In cases where an anxious or hypochondriacal personality type is formed.

Vagoinsular crisis refers to acute conditions in which it is necessary to provide the patient with emergency care. What medical measures to hold to stop the attack, every doctor should know.

Vagoinsular crisis: symptoms of the disease

Because of the sharp release of insulin in the blood, there is a decrease in the level of sugar - a hypoglycemic state. Signs of this pathology include severe weakness, sweating, a feeling of heat and a drop in blood pressure. As a result of paroxysm, a person can lose consciousness within a few minutes of the onset of these symptoms. Since the vagus nerve regulates the work of internal organs, the following changes are noted:

1. Bradycardia and hypotension.
2. Dyspnea.
3. Violation of the stool.
4. The appearance of red dermographism.
5. Violation of the heart rate.

The vagoinsular vegetative crisis can develop suddenly or gradually. In the first case, the patient instantly loses consciousness. There are disorders of hemodynamics. Sometimes the crisis has a wavy current. Gradually, such symptoms as: weakness, deterioration, chills, sweating, hunger and nausea. These manifestations are replaced by a temporary improvement in their state of health. Then they arise again.

Diagnosis of vagoinsular and sympathoadrenal crises

If vagoinsular or sympathoadrenal crisis begins, urgently need to call an ambulance. Diagnose these conditions by changes in hemodynamic parameters and clinical picture. An ambulance doctor can determine the level of glucose in the blood thanks to special test strips. Electrocardiography is performed to exclude myocardial infarction. To reveal the vagoinsular crisis in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, a special neurologic examination is performed. Occurrence of paroxysmal can be preceded by syncope, pain with head inclinations, impaired sensitivity.

Sudden increase in blood pressure indicates the development of sympathoadrenal or hypertensive crisis. These conditions are differentiated with acute heart failure and impaired cerebral circulation.

First Aid for Crisis

If, in the face of stress or fatigue, a person experiences a worsening of the condition, urgent help should be urgently called for. Before the arrival of doctors it is necessary to put the patient on his back and calm him. Top buttons or a lock on clothes should be unfastened. To ensure the flow of oxygen, you should open the window. If the general weakness grows gradually, you should give the patient a drink of sweet tea. When developing vomiting, people are laid on their side to prevent aspiration.

At the pre-hospital stage, doctors inject intravenously 40% glucose solution, as well as sedatives. In the case of complications, resuscitation is performed.

Vagoinsular crisis: treatment of ailment

To stop paroxysm, symptomatic treatment is prescribed . Appointed drugs to restore cardiovascular activity, increase blood pressure, stop shortness of breath. Symptomatic therapy for severe crisis is performed in a hospital. To increase the blood sugar level, 5% glucose solution is injected intravenously. This helps increase the volume of circulating blood and raise blood pressure. In the case of heart rhythm disturbances, the medication "Cordiamin" is administered. To improve the blood circulation of the brain and fight against dizziness, prescribe medications VestiBo, Betaserk.

Vagoinsular crisis in children of early age is most often not accompanied by severe symptoms, in contrast to paroxysm observed in adults. In most cases, it passes by itself. A feature of the crises of childhood is that the seizures are short. On average, the attack lasts about 5 minutes. The child should be given a warm sweet tea and calm. To prevent paroxysms, it is necessary to find out the cause of the attack.

Possible complications of the crisis

If vagoinsular crises occur repeatedly, a complete examination should be performed. These conditions are dangerous to health. Severe hemodynamic disorders can lead to impaired blood flow to the heart muscle, brain and other organs. Complications of the crisis include such pathologies as heart attack and stroke, cardiogenic shock, acute renal failure, hypoglycemic coma. All these conditions can lead to death. Therefore, it is important to eliminate the causes of vagotonia.

Preventive maintenance of a pathological condition

To vagoinsulyarny crisis did not happen again, you should follow preventive measures. These include:

1. Healthy lifestyle.
2. Breathing exercises.
3. Proper nutrition.
4. Alternating loads with rest.
5. The use of sedatives on a plant basis. Among them, an infusion of valerian, motherwort, ginseng.

In some cases, in order to get rid of feelings of fear and anxiety, it requires psychotherapeutic treatment and antidepressants.