Metal structures for the construction of buildings, structures: types, installation features, advantages and disadvantages

In the construction industry, metal structures began to be used since the middle of the 19th century, but they were most widely used relatively recently. This is explained easily - the strength, safety and reliability of the structure allow for mounting and dismantling without loss of quality.

Construction and installation of buildings from steel structures have become popular due to their light weight, ease of installation and low material cost. Metal structures are used in many areas: for the creation of exhibition and trading complexes, residential buildings, warehouses, shops, commercial, economic and sports facilities.

To date, this technology is considered and is one of the most profitable for the construction of any turnkey construction, as it makes it possible to finish the work in the shortest possible time. This applies not only to the simplest, but also rather complex objects: supporting structures, high-rise buildings, workshops, production storages and other.

Metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures are widely used due to their performance characteristics, namely: long service life and durability. The advantage of this material is that it does not require special equipment or a large number of people for its installation, which allows to reduce the total cost of work.

What determines the cost of erection of metal structures?

As already mentioned above, the construction of this material has certain features that make this technology in demand in the modern market. Metal structures have the following advantages:

• Light weight compared to similar building materials, which greatly simplifies the installation and dismantling process.
• The erection of the building takes minimal time and is 2-3 times faster than using standard technologies and materials.
• Resistant to changes in temperature, moisture and fire.
• The cost of construction works is reduced several times, due to the fact that the installation of metal structures of buildings, structures, workshops does not require the filling of a massive foundation.
• High thermal insulation characteristics allow to reduce the cost of operation of erected buildings.

Installation of metal structures

Construction using this material is convenient because of its mobility - if necessary, the parts can be moved quickly and easily from one place to another. In this case, they can be repeatedly disassembled and collected, without causing any damage to the entire facility. In addition, metal structures and prefabricated buildings can be changed, increasing their area and number of floors, without resorting to the costs of resources and time.

Compared with capital construction, the erection of buildings from metal structures is a more advantageous alternative. With the help of this technology, it is possible to achieve high quality with minimal investments, while the constructed object will have good performance characteristics. The speed of installation and the ability to operate buildings without the time spent on finishing work makes these complex solutions from metal structures for the construction of industrial buildings and structures incredibly convenient and useful, especially in those situations where it is necessary to fully recoup the money invested in business.

Area of application of structures based on steel structures

Metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures have become most widespread in the field of commercial, industrial and civil construction of objects, gaining more and more popularity over time. Manufactured from light building materials are currently used everywhere. With the development of technologies for creating thin-walled profiles and bent profiles, the area of construction of individual houses is also developing.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal structures

Buildings erected from metal structures have both pluses and minuses. Among the main advantages are the following characteristics:

• Reliability. It is ensured by the homogeneous structure of the metal and the complete conformity of the material to its calculated properties.
• Ease. Light weight greatly simplifies the process of erecting buildings.
• Economical. Compared with standard building materials, metal structures for the construction of buildings (structures) are characterized by faster installation, high processability and convenient laying by using typical elements.

Despite this, there are some drawbacks to this type of construction. However, it is worth noting the fact that almost all of them are eliminated by applying special protective measures. Among the minuses are:

• Corrosion. Under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, moisture and corrosive environments, steel begins to corrode, which can lead to its complete destruction. Eliminate this by coating the material with special compounds.
• Low level of fire resistance. Properties of steel are lost when heated above 600 ° C. Metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures are necessarily protected by special fireproof plates or compounds.

Classification of structures from metal

1. Frameworks for buildings - various columns, beams, connections, trusses and so on.
2. Metal structures for building construction - skeletons and reinforcing mesh, sheet materials, high-rise structures, frame houses.
3. Sheet structures - membranes and diaphragms, for example, overlapping for high-rise buildings. Trench reservoirs, horizontal and isothermal reservoir constructions are also included here.
4. High-altitude objects - supporting structures, various towers and masts of power lines.
5. Constructions used in the field of metallurgy.
6. Serving - fences, stairs and platforms.

Metalware is often protected from the negative effects of natural effects, covering them with special compounds or zinc.

Technology of erection of buildings

All buildings constructed using metal structures are divided into two main categories: frameless and frame. In the first type of buildings, the walls play the role of the frame. The second type is constructed from enclosing and supporting elements, and all the loads from the weight of the structure, dynamic influences and so on. Fall on the supporting frame.

It represents the constructive elements that are connected to each other in a single system. Among the main details include columns, girders, wall ties and half-timbered houses, trusses and trusses. All schemes of skeletons are divided into three main types: frame-bonded, frame and bond.

Design of buildings from metal structures

When developing documentation for a particular building, they are necessarily based on the applicable norms and rules in the construction field. Design of structures is carried out taking into account the manufacture, transportation, laying, designation and operation of the building material.

Manufacture of metal structures

Such a building material is made taking into account all possible requirements and technical conditions that apply to these products according to technical documentation. Mandatory delivery of metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures must be carried out. Prices for such materials are set depending on their characteristics, purpose and operating conditions. The cost can vary from 35 to 1500 rubles per square meter.

The erection of buildings from metal structures is one of the most profitable alternatives to traditional capital construction. With the help of this technology it is possible to obtain a high-quality result with minimal investments, while the finished object will have good performance characteristics. Fast and easy installation makes the technology optimal and most convenient for those cases when it is necessary to recoup the funds invested in the development of the business.