Maxillary sinus cyst

The cyst of the maxillary sinus is formed as a result of blockage of the excretory duct of the mucosa of the acinous gland. This process can be triggered by necrosis, hypersecretion or exudation of glands, caused, in turn, by inflammation in the mucosa. Necrotized masses in this case stretch the excretory ducts and end sections of the glands. The cyst of the maxillary sinus is in some cases formed as a result of a constriction of the mucosal proliferating connective tissue. In this case, the lumen of the gland is filled with thick contents and its extension.

The cyst of the maxillary sinus, having a tooth origin, can be radicular or follicular. The formation of radicular (circumcision) occurs as a result of necrosis from the granuloma (epithelial) in the root apex of the carious tooth. The cyst of the maxillary sinus, due to atrophy in the surrounding bone, grows into a jaw substance, displaces the bottom of the maxillary sinus and penetrates it. The follicular is growing slowly from the dental follicle. This cyst is more often detected at the age of ten to fourteen years. Formation is due to a disruption in the development of the rudiment of the retinas tooth, and also due to inflammation in the milk tooth.

Cyst of the maxillary sinus. Symptoms.

The main manifestation of these conditions is a dull headache. As a rule, it arises on the side of the cyst in the frontal region.

Clinical manifestations of states include tension and heaviness in the cheek area, pain of a neuralgic nature, arising from pressure on the facial nerve endings. As symptoms it is necessary to note tearing on the side of the formed cyst, protrusion of the bottom of the nasal cavity, there is a swelling in the area of the anterior wall in the sinus, carious teeth. When palpation there is a characteristic sound - "crunch of parchment" (a sign of Dupuytren).

Particularly severe cases are accompanied by a pronounced asymmetry of the face. There is some descent of the hard palate, the formation of fistulas. It should be noted that these manifestations are not observed in the formation of cysts of the mucous membranes of the maxillary sinuses.

The cystic cavity is lined with epithelium. The outer wall of the cavity is formed by a thin plate of the jaw bone: within the cavity, along with the liquid contents, one or more dental rudiments or formed teeth are detected.

The cyst can be purulent, cholesteatomnoy. Contained in the cavity fluid, can have a yellow color with crystals of cholesterol. According to some studies, the cyst of the right maxillary sinus is formed somewhat more often than the left one.

Diagnosis is made when there is a rounded shadow on a light background on the roentgenogram. A light background here is the sinus, and the shadow is the cyst. A radiograph can be used plain or with a contrast agent.

Formation of the cyst occurs within approximately two months. Sensitization of the mucosa provokes the accumulation of mediator substances (acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin). As a result, later, disturbances occur in the permeability of the capillary walls. Penetration of fluid from the vessels in the tissue causes internal mucosal edema.

In this case, patients experience difficulties with nasal breathing, which are expressed in the alternate laying of one or the second nasal half, a significant decrease in the sense of smell. The mucous shell thus acquires a whitish-cyanotic shade. Common manifestations should be attributed, in addition to headache, anorexia, memory loss, irritability, fatigue.

Treatment of cysts is performed promptly. A radical operation or a frontotomy is used.