Marxist philosophy

Marxist philosophy gave an excellent opportunity to look at the usual things in a completely different way. The contribution that Karl Marx made to the development not only of philosophy, but of the entire world history, is indeed priceless. Marxist philosophy also includes the works of such a great figure as Friedrich Engels. By itself, Marxism - the teaching is wide enough. It also includes Marxist-Leninist philosophy, which acquired its completed form in the thirties of the last century.

Philosophy of Marxism

The emergence and development of Marxist philosophy refers to the end of the century before last. This doctrine includes socio-political issues, as well as political economy.

The philosophy of Marxism was able to answer the most important questions of its time. Distribution she received immediately and on a large territory. In some countries, this philosophy was recognized as an official dogma, on the basis of which social and political ideology was built.

Marxist philosophy would never be as it is, without the materialistic philosophy of Epicurus, Democritus, Locke and many other thinkers. Contributed to its development and the emergence of rapid growth of various kinds of technical and scientific discoveries. These include the discovery of the law of conservation of energy, the development of the theory of evolution, the invention of a car, photography and so on. Marxist philosophy emerged at a time when new ideals emerged, but society was not ready to implement them, when class contradictions were as sharp as possible, when the crisis of traditional bourgeois values began.

In general, the entire Marxist philosophy can be divided into two parts. The first includes everything connected with dialectical materialism, the second - everything that is connected with historical materialism.

The materialist understanding of history is the innovation of Engels and Marx. Its essence is as follows:

- At different stages of the development of society, people have to interact with each other - only in this way they can normally provide for their livelihoods. These relations are productive. They are objective and do not depend on the will of their subjects.

- The economic system is formed precisely on the basis of production relations. In itself, it is a definite basis on which various types of institutions of public relations and state are built.

- The institutions mentioned above are a kind of superstructure of the economic basis.

- The superstructure and the basis are interrelated. On the basis of them it is possible to distinguish various types of socio-economic formations.

- The course of history is determined by material production, the level of the economy, production relations.

The means of production according to Marx is that which makes it possible to produce a new product with the help of manpower. As a rule, they are alienated from hired workers, that is, concentrated in the hands of the owners. The point is that the bulk of people for survival should allow themselves to be exploited.

The manufactured goods are more expensive than the expended means of production and hired labor. The difference is called surplus value. Part of it is taken away by the capitalists, and part of it is channeled to a new surplus value.

The dialectic of Hegel is the basis of dialectical materialism. Marx and Engels took some ideas of the great philosopher and presented them in their own way.

Dialectical philosophy says that consciousness is determined by being, matter constantly develops and changes, the laws of dialectics lie at the basis of development, God does not exist, and the most important factor of development is practice.