Lathe turning machines. CNC machine for metal working: characteristics

The enterprises use lathes of several types. They are intended they can be for performing a variety of works related to the processing of blanks of metal and wood. One of the most popular types of this equipment are lathes turning lathes.

general description

This machine is designed for processing products having a large weight and diameter and insignificant height. This can be, for example, all sorts of gears, flywheels, etc. Turning work on such equipment can be done with blanks up to a diameter of 2.5 m. There are several types of such machines, slightly different in design and performance characteristics.

Types of vertical lathes

First of all, this type of equipment is classified into single-column and double-column. The second version is used for processing blanks of very large diameters. In the design of the machine of this type, among other things, there is an additional incisive upper support with horizontal feed. Cutting tools in a two-post machine are mounted in the tool holders of the side and upper calipers, as well as in the turret heads. On the bed of such an aggregate there are two racks connected by a crossbeam. The latter bears two calipers. The crossbar is moved along the rails of the racks.

A single-column turning lathe can be used only for work with billets up to a diameter of 1.25 m. This equipment is distinguished by the fact that its structure includes a vertical caliper with a turret head and a side support equipped with a tool holder on a vertical feed. The diameter of the table of such an aggregate does not exceed 1.6 m.

Also, carousel turning machines are classified into automatic machines and semi-automatic machines. On the equipment of the first type, the products are made either from rods or from piece blanks. On semi-automatic machines only bar is processed. Of course, like a machine of any other type, the carousel can be supplemented with a CNC.

Design Features

The main nodes and mechanisms of the lathe turret are:

• A table, also called a faceplate;

• Racks;

• Calipers;

• Traverses.

Such machines can be equipped with calipers of several varieties. Revolvers are designed for processing blanks from the outside. Boring calipers are used to cut grooves in products, as well as, respectively, for boring. Side nodes of this type are also used for processing the outer surfaces of the workpieces. Most often they are used for grooving and chamfering.

Turning works on such an aggregate are carried out on the basis of three types of movement: the movement of the traverse and the calipers, as well as the rotation of the table. At the same time, carousel standard, high precision and heavy machine tools can be used in production.

Additional Items

If desired, on the carousel lathe you can install third-party nodes and mechanisms that increase its functionality. To such elements include, for example, various kinds of grinding and milling devices. In addition, when using additional nodes on equipment of this type, chiselling can be made.

Application

Used carousel turning machines can be used for manufacturing a wide variety of products. Therefore, they are used in enterprises of many specializations. Very often such machines are installed in the shops of factories of such a sphere of the national economy as machine building. This equipment is used in the production of hydroelectric power stations, the assembly of nuclear power plants, etc. In addition to the actual turning of parts, on carousel machines it is possible to perform such operations as:

• Drilling;

• boring;

• Cutting of annular grooves;

• Turning of cylindrical and conical surfaces;

• deployment;

• Countersinking, etc.

Principle of operation

There are carousel turning lathes on a simple principle. The workpiece is attached to the table in a horizontal position by means of special jaws. The main movement at work is the rotation of the table itself. To the auxiliary include the movement of the turret head, the movement of the cross member in the vertical position, etc. The workpiece on the machine of this type can simultaneously be processed from several sides.

CNC Vertical Turning Machines

Modern industrial equipment of this type, in comparison with the conventional one, has a number of undeniable advantages. These include, first of all, high performance indicators, as well as the accuracy of machining of parts. It is a special kind of computer with the software installed on it. The processing of parts in this case is carried out according to the drawings developed by the engineers. They are compiled in a special graphical software.

It is these machines that are currently used at enterprises in the sphere of the national economy most often. With their application by increasing the quantity and quality of the machined parts, it is possible to make production as cost-effective as possible.

The use of such equipment and turner specialists facilitates the work. All that is required from the operator of such a machine is to monitor the continuity of its operation and the quality of tools emerging from the cutter. You can use such machines for processing parts, including on weekends, as well as on holidays. After all, in this case, only one operator can monitor the operation of several units at a time.

Lathe-boring lathe 1512

Model 1512 is one of the most productive and reliable, and therefore widely used in enterprises of different industries. There are several modifications of this single-stand machine, differing in design. In many cases, these aggregates can be supplemented with CNC.

Scheme of the lathe-carousel machine base model 1512 is presented to your attention below. The main features of this unit include:

• A faceplate with a diameter of 1112 mm;

• The possibility of processing blanks with a diameter of up to 1.25 m;

• 18 table speeds;

• Power in 30 kW.

One of the most popular varieties of this unit is 1512F3. This model is usually supplemented with a CNC.

Roundabout 1512Ф3 with CNC: technical specifications

From the basic model, this unit is distinguished primarily by the lack of a lateral support. The machine 1512Ф3 is designed for processing particularly complex parts. This is why it is often retrofitted with numeric software. It can be used to work with billets both from ferrous metals and from non-ferrous metals. Characteristics Lathe-boring lathe with CNC 1512Ф3 has the following:

• The maximum billet diameter is 1.25 m;

• The maximum height of the workpiece is 1 m;

• The limits of the rotation frequencies of the table are 1.6 / 315 rpm;

• The power of the main electric motor is 70 kW;

• Dimensions - 4050х4590х5400;

• Weight - 17000 kg.

Thus, a turning lathe is a productive equipment, reliable and very popular. With its use, you can produce a variety of parts, often a very complex configuration. In this case, in particular, quality products are obtained products processed on aggregates of this type equipped with CNC.