Laparoscopy of the kidneys: postoperative period, diet, consequences

To date, laparoscopic operations have become widespread in medical practice. Previously, the method of complete tissue dissection was used. Laparoscopy can avoid a long period of rehabilitation, and the seam remains significantly smaller.

Definition

Laparoscopic intervention is a surgical method, consisting in the operation through small punctures. The number of them does not exceed 5-6 pieces, and the dimensions are minimal (5-10 mm). To monitor the movements of medical instruments, mini-cameras are used, which are introduced into the body. To create space in the operating area is introduced a portion of carbon dioxide. It expands the walls and allows free movement of tools.

At the moment, medicine uses the cameras of recent generations. They allow you to magnify the image dozens of times. HD -формате. The image is displayed on the computer in HD- format.

лапароскопия почек . Similar operations are carried out on different organs, but the most common laparoscopy of the kidneys .

Operations in the 1990s

Kidneys perform a lot of functions in the body, the main ones are the cleansing of the body of harmful substances and excess water. It is a paired organ having an oval shape. There are kidneys below the ribs, closer to the spine.

It is because of this location for a long time that operations were performed with a cut in the lumbar region. In this zone, there are many interlaces of muscles. Their incision increased the complexity of the operation and the duration of the recovery period. впервые была проведена только в 90-х годах. Laparoscopy of the kidneys was first performed only in the 90's.

Pros of Laparoscopy

Before the appearance of this method, the cavity was completely opened. The incisions could reach 20 cm. The operation was accompanied by a long period of rehabilitation, large blood loss, and the body left a stain for life as a memory. Thus, we can distinguish the following advantages of laparoscopic operations:

Лапароскопия почек сопровождается меньшим болевым синдромом, при этом не требуется использование сильнодействующих обезболивающих препаратов. 1. Kidney laparoscopy is accompanied by a lesser pain syndrome, and it does not require the use of potent analgesics. Doses of analgesics are prescribed minimal, and the pain syndrome is faster.

Период реабилитации занимает незначительное время. 2. The rehabilitation period takes an insignificant time. As a rule, 7-10 days are enough. In comparison with the open operation, the period is minimal. With cavity intervention, rehabilitation took from a few weeks to a month.

Лапароскопическое вмешательство оставляет после себя минимальные следы. 3. Laparoscopic intervention leaves behind minimal traces. These are small puncture points. Very often they heal completely. Sometimes even a professional can not find them.

Вероятность образования спаек минимальна. 4. The probability of adhesions is minimal. Very often the appearance of adhesions causes pain and intestinal obstruction.

Риск появления вентральных грыж сводится к минимальному. 5. The risk of the appearance of the ventral hernia is reduced to the minimum.

Операция редко имеет такие последствия, как инфекционное заражение. 6. The operation rarely has such consequences as infection infection.

Disadvantages of the method

лапароскопия почек, имеет и свои минусы, в сравнении с открытым хирургическим вмешательством: Despite the abundance of pluses, an operation such as kidney laparoscopy has its drawbacks, in comparison with open surgical intervention:

Большая стоимость операции. 1. The high cost of the operation. Due to the use of expensive equipment, the price of an operation may seem high. However, do not forget about the long period of recovery after an open surgery, which requires the use of painkillers and often wearing a corset.

Высокий профессионализм хирурга и медперсонала. 2. High professionalism of the surgeon and medical staff. подразумевает, что персонал больницы имеет все необходимые навыки проведения подобных манипуляций. Operation Laparoscopy of the kidney implies that the hospital staff has all the necessary skills to conduct such manipulations.

Laparoscopy of the cyst in the kidney

Cysts in the kidneys are not uncommon. имеющий круглую форму, заполненный жидкостью. The cyst is an outgrowth on a certain organ, having a round shape filled with fluid. When this disease occurs, it is asymptomatic for a long time. The first symptoms are painful and lead to complete organ atrophy. Treatment of such a problem is possible only surgically.

Indications for surgery to remove the cyst in the kidney

When a number of symptoms appear, surgery is recommended to remove the tumor:

Резкая или ноющая боль в области почек. 1. A sharp or aching pain in the kidney area.

Большой размер новообразования (до 10 см). 2. Large size of the tumor (up to 10 cm).

Возникновение проблем с мочеиспусканием. 3. The emergence of problems with urination. The cyst can pinch the urethra and obstruct the natural process.

Начало воспалительного процесса. 4. The onset of the inflammatory process.

Лопнувшая киста. 5. The broken cyst.

Обнаружение кровяных сгустков во время мочеиспускания. 6. Detection of blood clots during urination.

Обнаружение раковых клеток в новообразовании. 7. Detection of cancer cells in the neoplasm.

Contraindications to surgery

There are a number of contraindications for carrying out kidney laparoscopy:

Сахарный диабет. 1. Diabetes mellitus.

Заболевания сердца. 2. Diseases of the heart.

Болезнь пока не проявила себя. 3. The disease has not yet manifested itself.

Аллергическая реакция. 4. Allergic reaction.

Воспалительный процесс в организме. 5. Inflammatory process in the body.

Preparation period

Before surgery, you need to follow some recommendations:

Не переохлаждайтесь. 1. Do not overcool. Any weakening of immunity is undesirable.

Исключите употребление препаратов, разжижающих кровь. 2. Eliminate the use of drugs that dilute blood.

Сдайте необходимые анализы: кровь, моча, наличие инфекций. 3. Give the necessary tests: blood, urine, the presence of infections. Make an ultrasound and an ECG.

За несколько дней до назначенной даты нужно придерживаться определенного питания. 4. A few days before the appointed date, you need to adhere to a certain food. Exclude from the diet of fatty and fried foods, pastries, vegetables and fruits.

Накануне операции делается процедура очищения кишечника. 5. On the eve of the operation, the bowel cleansing procedure is done. Food and water are excluded 8 hours before the operation.

Нужно произвести удаление волос с лобковой зоны и зоны живота. 6. It is necessary to make hair removal from the pubic zone and abdominal area. You can just cut them short.

При наличии заболеваний вен лучше приобрести компрессионный трикотаж, который надевается на время операции. 7. In the presence of venous diseases, it is better to purchase a compression knit that is worn for the duration of the operation. Sometimes it is possible to continue wearing it according to the doctor's indications.

Types of operations

перация лапароскопия. There are several ways to perform a procedure to remove neoplasm in the kidney, when laparoscopy is performed . производится исключительно при открытой операции. Removal of the kidney is performed only when the operation is open. In this case, the organ is completely removed. This method is very rarely used today.

When carrying out laparoscopic surgery, either the glueing of the cyst walls takes place, or it is stitched together with the wound.

Kinds:

Введение эндоскопа в уретру. 1. Introduction of an endoscope to the urethra.

Произведение прокола в зоне спины или брюшной области. 2. A puncture in the back or abdominal area.

The first variant of the operation is performed under general anesthesia. The procedure involves the connection of tissue cysts with the tissues of neighboring organs. The cyst should be integrated and leave no traces behind. After the operation, there is not even a scar left. This method has not gained popularity due to possible negative consequences.

The second type of surgical intervention is used quite often, because it is the most sparing. The contents of the cyst are deleted. The operation is performed under local anesthesia.

After surgery, a second ultrasound is performed to evaluate the results of the surgery. , как правило, имеет благоприятные. Laparoscopy cysts kidney effects , as a rule, is favorable. Initially, a small amount of fluid remains in the neoplasm. Gradually, it dissolves itself. Otherwise, it may be refilled, which will cause another operation.

Removal of the kidney cyst (laparoscopy): postoperative period

The recovery period is determined by the type of operation, but basically does not take more than one month. The patient's first days are not allowed to get up. On the 2-3rd day, it is usually allowed to go up and walk slowly. When carrying out laparoscopy, you can go home on the third day. With the open surgery - a week later.

лапароскопия почки, послеоперационный период восстановления которой не занимает много времени, является достаточно частой. Operation laparoscopy of the kidney, the postoperative recovery period which does not take much time, is quite frequent. Despite this, the patient can not avoid using anesthetics.

Diet after surgery

лапароскопии кисты на почке) диета должна соблюдаться обязательно. After the operation ( laparoscopy cysts on the kidney) diet must be observed necessarily. It is necessary to follow such rules:

Исключаются из рациона пересоленые блюда, жареное, жирное, острое, кофе и шоколад. 1. Salted meals, fried, fatty, spicy, coffee and chocolate are excluded from the diet.

Употребление белковых продуктов должно быть достаточным и не чрезмерным. 2. The use of protein products should be sufficient and not excessive. Such restrictions are associated with a decrease in the load on the body and getting rid of its toxic products.

Придется контролировать объем выпиваемой за день жидкости. 3. It is necessary to control the amount of liquid consumed per day. Such recommendations are relevant for patients who are addicted to edema and have heart problems.

Употребление солёных продуктов может быть сведено к минимуму или исключено вовсе. 4. The consumption of salty foods can be minimized or eliminated altogether. This is important for those with a cyst that can cause a violation of the kidney.

conclusions

Thus, medicine does not stand still. Laparoscopic surgery is her undoubted achievement.