Hypothyroidism: symptoms, signs, causes

According to statistics, hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid disease.

Hypoteriosis is a disease of the thyroid gland, associated with its reduced function. With this endocrine disease, the production of thyroid hormones decreases, or their biological effect diminishes.

Hypothyroidism of the thyroid gland can develop with an affected pituitary (for example, in the presence of a tumor), which is also responsible for the production of endocrine hormones. Other causes of hypothyroidism are iodine deficiency in food, surgery or injury to the thyroid gland, as well as autoimmune thyroiditis (a malfunction in the immune system that results in the body attacking the thyroid gland).

Symptoms of hypothyroidism depend on the type of disease. Hypoteriosis is congenital and acquired.

Congenital hypothyroidism is rare (5 thousand newborns - one case), most often in girls. This type of disease is associated with a violation of the structure of the thyroid gland and its function. The cause of 20% of cases of congenital hypothyroidism is heredity. Problems with the thyroid gland in newborns also occur when there is a lack of iodine in the mother's body during pregnancy. Congenital hypothyroidism symptoms is as follows:

• Large weight (more than 3.5 kg) of the newborn;
• Swelling of face, back of hands and feet;
• Signs of a lag in development, although the child is full;
• Prolonged postpartum jaundice;
• Low crying;
• Dry skin and brittle hair;
• Long healing of the umbilical wound;
• Late closure of the fontanel;
• Cold hands and feet.

Acquired hypothyroidism is primary (lesion of the thyroid gland), secondary (with damaged pituitary), tertiary (with damage to the hypothalamus).

The development of primary hypothyroidism is possible after the diseases of the thyroid gland, with different types of goiter. Defeat of the thyroid gland can be due to the transferred tuberculosis and actinomycosis. To promote the development of primary hypotension, frequent infectious diseases and intoxication can occur. The emergence of secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism can be due to trauma to the skull, tumors in the relevant parts of the brain, and neuroinfection.

Acquired hypothyroidism symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract has such as poor appetite and frequent constipation. This disease is also characterized by anemia. On the part of the nervous system, signs such as lethargy, drowsiness, speech confusion, decreased intelligence, depression are manifested. Many patients complain that it becomes difficult for them to remember anything. In women, there are irregularities in the menstrual cycle.

Hypothyroidism symptoms manifests itself and others:

• Brittle nails and hair;
• The skin acquires a yellow or peach hue, it becomes dry;
• Constantly puffiness around the eyes;
• Unreasonable weight gain;
• The voice becomes lower, a hoarse voice appears;
• Facial features coarsen;
• Characteristic enlargement of the lips.

This disease develops slowly, so the hypothyroidism of symptoms is fuzzy at the first stage, so many patients do not immediately seek help from a doctor, and the disease develops to later lines.

Hypoteriosis is especially dangerous for women, as it can lead to infertility.

The basis for the treatment of hypothyroidism is the intake of synthetic thyroid hormones. With proper administration of medications and observance of the doctor's recommendations, the symptoms of hypothyroidism are completely eliminated. If it is not treated, then the patient's condition will gradually deteriorate until the fatal outcome.

To prevent hypothyroidism of the thyroid gland, it is necessary to eat a variety of foods to ensure a sufficient amount of iodine in the body, and to treat thyroid dysfunctions in a timely manner.