How to reinforce the foundation? Technique and rules

To date, many dream to build a house of their dreams, equip it according to their own preferences and live comfortably in it for as long as possible. The foundation should be given special attention when building a house, because it depends not only on how much the building will stand, but also on the level of security of living in it. The quality of the foundation, in turn, is affected not only by the brand of concrete, but also by reinforcement. If the construction of the house is planned from modern materials with low weight, then there are no special requirements to the foundation, however, when building a multi-storey building of strong materials, reinforcement of the foundation is mandatory, since such a structure will create a rather large load. Therefore, every man who plans to build a house must know how to reinforce the ribbon foundation with his own hands.

What will be required in the course of the work?

Before proceeding with the erection of the reinforced foundation, all necessary tools must first be prepared.

In the process of performing the work you will need:

• Scissors for reinforcement;
• Bulgarian;
• Pliers;
• a hammer;
• Plastic pads;
• Special fixatives;
• roulette;
• Machine for bending of reinforcement;
• Steel wire;
• Metal clips;
• hook.

In addition to tools, it is recommended to determine in advance what sort of knitting technology you will use. It should be noted that the armature can be bent manually or with the help of special machines, which you can do yourself at home.

Making a machine for folding

With the question of whether it is necessary to reinforce the foundations, we have decided, so now we can talk about how to do it. The first thing to do is to make a special machine that will make it much easier to work. For its manufacture, two steel pipes with a cross section of 20 mm and a length of 0.5 and 1 meter, respectively, will be needed.

Then just follow the instructions below:

1. In a half-meter pipe, cut two grooves 5 cm apart, between which leave 1.5 centimeters.
2. The pipe is bent at an angle of 90 degrees and fixed on a secure base.

Bending bars with such a homemade machine is very simple. One of its ends is inserted into the short tube, and the other end into the long one, after which the rod is bent at the right angle. This will make it possible to make a reliable and durable reinforced foundation with their own hands without much difficulty and with minimal physical effort.

Viscosity of the armature

Filling reinforced base begins with the binding of the reinforcement, which is necessary to ensure that the rods were firmly connected to each other, and the future foundation was more durable and durable. Knit armature can be in various ways, which will be discussed later.

Method one

Many professionals who talk about how to properly reinforce the foundation, for binding reinforcements use wire. This is due to the fact that this method is the simplest and fastest. It is based on the fact that the rods are fastened with twenty-centimeters of steel wire. However, this will require a special hook, with which it is much easier to twist the wire.

Method of the second

Another common way of knitting is to join the rods with special clips, which you can buy at any specialized store. Each end of the paper clip is attached to its rod, resulting in a very strong connection.

Way the third

How to reinforce the foundation to make it reliable and durable? For this purpose, the reinforcement is lapped, which makes the frame more durable. However, it is very important to observe a certain length of overlap. Experienced builders say that it must be at least thirty diameters of the reinforcement.

Method Four

If the structure is very heavy and a heavy load is required on the foundation, then the reinforcement is best sealed with welded seams. The welding technology in this case depends on the diameter of the steel rods. A big role in this is played by the type of reinforcement. It is best to buy rods with ribbed edges, as they provide better adhesion to concrete.

Types of bases suitable for reinforcement

Before you begin to work, you first need to figure out how to reinforce the foundation. It is necessary to find out what types of foundations are to be reinforced.

Today, it is possible to increase the strength of the following types of foundations:

• Columnar;
• Tape;
• Plate.

It is important to understand that each type of foundation has its own characteristics and is reinforced differently, so you need to elaborate on each of them.

Reinforcement of the columnar base

How to reinforce the pillar-type foundation? Very simple. To do this, you need 6 rods with a ribbed base with a diameter of 12 mm, as well as ordinary rods of 6 mm cross-section for knitting. Reinforcement should be carried out so that after pouring the concrete the rods protrude from it approximately 10 mm.

Reinforcing the tape base

Many people are interested in the question of how to reinforce the ribbon foundation. This is due to the fact that this type of foundation is the most common because of its simplicity of erection. The reinforcement in this case is laid in layers, the number of which depends on the dimensions of the monolithic base. The distance between the rods can be from 15 to 25 cm.

In most cases, the strip foundation has dimensions of 400x500 mm. When reinforcing it is necessary to retreat 100 millimeters from each side of the base. When laying the rods between them leave about 35 centimeters.

Now you know how to properly reinforce the strip foundation, but the strength and durability of the substrate also depends on the brand of concrete and the type of reinforcement. It is best to use ribbed mixes and high strength concrete.

Reinforcement of the slab foundation

The tile base has the lowest strength, so when reinfacing it is mandatory. In this case, the rods must be secured with welded joints. Any other types of binding are not suitable, because they are not able to provide sufficient strength and rigidity of the frame. In addition, to ensure that the base does not break, the reinforcement must be completely immersed in concrete.

To make the reinforced plinth base qualitative, its thickness should be 300 mm, and the gaps between vertical and horizontal rods should not exceed 350 mm. In addition, the distance from the edges of the plate should not be more than five millimeters.

Reinforcement of the foundation for an apartment house: advice of professionals

Everyone who wants to build their own home, thinks about how to reinforce the foundation under the house. And this is not surprising, because strengthening the base will prevent the subsidence of the foundation. However, many nuances should be taken into account.

If the foundation will have a low strength, then there are additional risks to the building. In addition, when pouring a foundation with concrete, one should take into account the fact that this material has very low ductility, so under the influence of external negative factors, the base is often deformed and cracked.

If you live in a region with a harsh climate, severe frosts with an uneven distribution of the load on the foundation can lead to the fact that the base will change its shape, and the building itself will lead.

Avoid all these problems will help reinforce the foundation under the house, because it has high strength and durability, and also does not change its shape and does not crack even under high loads.

Methods of reinforcement

Reinforcement of the base under the residential structure can be vertical and horizontal. The second variant contributes to a more even distribution of the load throughout the base. Vertical reinforcement is used as an additional measure to increase the strength of the substrate.

The process of reinforcing the base under the house

So, how to reinforce the foundation for a residential building? The first step is to calculate the parameters of the future foundation. This will allow you to choose the reinforcement of a suitable thickness. Independently calculate the load that will build a building on the foundation, it is difficult, so it is better to seek the help of professionals.

When the calculations are completed, you can start making the frame, which is performed in the following sequence:

1. Selection and purchase of materials.
2. Strapping the reinforcement in the intersection. To make the frame as durable and durable as possible, it is better to weld the rods with a welded seam.
3. In the lower part of the frame, a reinforcing mesh is welded.
4. Stacking reinforcing frame.
5. To protect the frame from the negative effects of environmental factors, its upper part is cemented.

When the work on the fabrication of the frame is completed, you can proceed to pour the reinforced foundation.

For this you need:

1. Prepare a place where construction of the house will be carried out.
2. Excavate the pit.
3. Lay a sand pillow.
4. Install the formwork and frame.
5. Pour concrete foundation.
6. Wait until the mixture dries completely and surface treatment is carried out.
7. Raise the base.

To build a quality and durable reinforced foundation, which will last for several decades, can only be strictly adhered to this instruction.

How much will reinforce the foundation

It is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to the question of how much it will cost to pour a reinforced base under the house. Here everything depends not only on the quality of materials, but also on the structural features of the building. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the cost of installation, which is impossible without the use of specialized equipment. If you live in a region with a harsh climate or build a house in a marshy area, it is recommended to add special additives to the concrete, increasing its operational characteristics, and also it is desirable to construct heat and waterproofing, which, in turn, imposes additional financial costs.

As it turned out, reinforcement of the foundation is not an easy task, but quite real. Most importantly, in the process of erection, adhere to a specific instruction for each type of foundation. In addition, during work, it is always necessary to comply with safety regulations.