How to propagate gooseberries? Reproduction of gooseberries with green cuttings, bush division, layers

Gooseberries, called in other words "northern grapes", is a perennial shrub whose berries contain a huge amount of useful microelements, organic acids, pectins and tannins.

Methods of reproduction

Having a stalk of different ages, a bush of gooseberry will please a full-fledged harvest about 5-6 years. The greatest number of berries in this case is formed on the lateral shoots of 3-8 years of age. Therefore, for a stable production of a delicious harvest of northern grapes, it is necessary to update the bushes in time and multiply them.

Reproduction of gooseberry, for which it is necessary to choose clean, high-yielding, unaffected by pests and diseases, bushes, is made in several ways:

• Cuttings;
• Layering;
• Division of the bush;
• Seeds.

Reproduction of gooseberry with green cuttings

Green cuttings are one of the most effective methods of propagation of gooseberries. In the second half of June it is required to cut cuttings measuring 7-12 cm with a sharp knife; For this you should use the increments of the current year with five kidneys. It is possible to propagate gooseberries with cuttings in autumn. It is desirable to produce the billet in cloudy weather or in the early morning. Sliced cuttings are recommended to be pretreated with a growth stimulator, then planted for rooting into a substrate from a mixture of sand with peat or earth. Planting should be done at an incline, at a distance of about 5 cm between the cuttings at 10 cm spacing, leaving 2 kidneys on top, the lower one should be placed at the soil level. Around the cuttings, it is required to compact the earth firmly to exclude the formation of voids, after which it is good to moisturize and confuse. A bed with planted cuttings must be constantly watered and loosened, causing the early formation of strong young shoots from the kidneys. It is recommended to make top dressing with ammonium nitrate (40 grams), potassium salt (20 grams) and superphosphate (30 grams) per 10-liter bucket of water. If all the conditions of the required care for young sprouts are observed at the end of the season, the yield on the output is high-quality annual seedlings; The best specimens are obtained by rooting cuttings cut from the upper part of the branches. It is worth knowing that the reproduction of gooseberries with green cuttings does not fit all varieties. Thus, the best results were shown by the Jubilee and Russian varieties, which produced 80-100% of the survival rate. To a greater extent, reproduction of gooseberries with cuttings is suitable for currants.

Combined cuttings method

With this method, propagation of gooseberries by cuttings is performed using young green layers, which have a part of lignified growth (3-4 cm) last year. Harvested cuttings should be planted in a friable moist soil, while deepening the heel and the base by 3-4 cm. After it is required to water and cover up. Formation of the roots occurs in a couple of weeks.

Horizontal lapping - one of the ways of reproduction

Reproduction of gooseberries by layers is the method most suitable for 3-4-year-old shrubs and is used by most gardeners because of its simplicity, ease, reliability and sufficient material for planting at the outlet. With this method of propagation, recommended for early spring, one-year, well-developed increments that are conveniently located on the sides of the bush are required.

The soil must first be prepared: a good dig, fertilized and leveled. From the base of the bush it is necessary to make several shallow grooves with a depth of 20 cm, into which it is necessary to lay and pin up young, conveniently located radical shoots. In the absence of hairpins, you can use any improvised material that is able to fix the holes at the ground. Branching bridles, including their bases, should touch the ground completely, the top should be pinched for 3-4 cm, without removing them to the surface. After unfolding the horizontal layers should not be sprinkled with earth, it is done only after germination of buds, shoots appear and reach a length of 5 cm. Only in this case the first soil dusting is made. Soil with layers should be maintained at all times in a wet condition, regularly watering and controlling, so that the water does not wash out the grooves.

When shoots reach a length of 15-20 cm, it is necessary to dip them to the very tops by humus or moist soil; The hilling must be repeated throughout the summer season; With a strong growth - to pinch the tops (in June), so that the plant was wasting strength for branching. It is important not to forget to carry out fertilizing, fertilizers are recommended to use ammonium nitrate, potassium salt, superphosphate.

Gooseberries, the reproduction of which is produced by layers, is best rooted in wet years, in arid times, the roots stop early in growth in the summer and resume it only in the autumn period when the optimum temperature of soil and moisture is restored. It is recommended to separate the mother bush from the fallow bush in the fall and spring, but it is preferable in this case to do it in the spring, because in autumn and winter the root system of the young seedlings will develop and become stronger, after which it is recommended to plant the prepared seedlings on a permanent growth site. The dug out young gooseberries, the reproduction of which is made by the lapping method, is required to cut into individual seedlings, sort, select the weaker (with poorly developed root system) and plant them on the growing. What is the good way to reproduce with horizontal layers? A lot of planting material. From each horizontally laid annual shoot, up to 6 full-length shoots with roots are formed - future gooseberry saplings.

Reproduction by layers: method No. 2

There is another way of multiplying by layers, in comparison with the above, more simple. This can be obtained for this spring or autumn pruning of gooseberries. It is necessary to choose several long young branches, to prikopat them horizontally (about 10-centimeter depth). The top (about 12 cm long) should be left and prikopat it vertically using a peg. In a year there will be full-fledged shoots.

Gooseberries: reproduction by arcuate layers

This method is used in early spring; Young annual increments are required to be laid in furrows in rows, pinned in the middle of the pit deepening and sprinkled with earth. The tops should be pulled out to the ground with an arc, tied to a peg, shortened and tempered. In summer it is required to provide regular watering and feeding. Arc-shaped layers for a season will have time to take root and become a full planting material. This method from an annual basal shoot gives only one seedling, which is several times smaller than in the method with horizontal layers. Gooseberries, the reproduction of which is produced by arc-shaped layers, is characterized by capacity and quickly enters into fruiting.

Reproduction by vertical layers

This method is used for older bushes of gooseberries or when transferring the plantation of bushes to a new location. In early spring, all old branches are cut out, young ones are shortened by 2/3. This operation will cause intensive occurrence of a large number of shoots. When they reach a height of 15-18 cm, the last one should be ground to half the ground, when the branch is humming, all the voids need to be moved apart and filled with earth. Uplink is 2-3 times, as the branches grow. In June, the tops of gooseberries need to be pinched, this will cause the branching of the future bush. By the autumn, with good watering and additional fertilizing, the layers will have time to take root; They can be excavated for planting.

Division of the bush

Reproduction of gooseberries by bush division is used in most cases when determining a plantation to another growth site. This method is due to the fact that the autonomy of various parts of the bush is clearly expressed in gooseberry; Some branches at a young age form and develop a separate root system. When digging out bushes they are divided into parts; Younger shoots with well-developed roots are used as planting material. Reproduction of currants, gooseberries by bush division can be done in autumn, after the fall of foliage (October-November), or early spring, before bud blossoming (in March).

Reproduction by seeds

Seeds of gooseberries reproduce when new varieties are introduced. The material obtained from free pollination and derived from directional crossing is used.