How is hives treated? Learn how to treat urticaria in children and adults

Urticaria is a disease accompanied by the formation of blisters on the surface of the skin. This disease in the modern world is diagnosed more often, so the issue of treating this disease becomes more urgent. Let's talk about how and how to treat hives.

There is an opinion that urticaria is an allergic reaction to contact with certain substances. However, this is not quite true. Sometimes the underlying cause of the disease is an autoimmune or false-allergic nature. Therefore, urticaria can not be considered an infectious disease, as is often thought.

Symptomatic of the disease

For hives are characterized by the following symptoms:

• The appearance of blisters or rashes accompanied by severe itching;
• General malaise;
• There may be a headache;
• The temperature rises;
• Edema of tissues;
• There may appear vesicles containing hemorrhagic exudate;
• May develop pigmentation spots.

Rashes are of various sizes: from very tiny points to giant spots that can merge into a single whole.

The acute form of urticaria lasts several days, and the extent of the whole disease is not less than 6 weeks. Acute hives can pass into the chronic course of the disease or into a recurring form. In this case, the rashes are transformed into papules that accompany the strongest itching.

Types of urticaria

There are several types of disease. Let us consider each of them in detail.

Cold urticaria

The attack begins when the human skin is exposed to low temperatures, for example, cold water or air. The first signs manifest themselves in a few minutes. Sometimes there may be weakness or headache, as well as shortness of breath and tachycardia. A variety of this type of ailment is reflex urticaria, which develops not as a general supercooling of the body, but as a local reaction. The rash covers only the skin around the supercooled area of the body, while it itself remains intact.

Thermal urticaria

The disease manifests itself after overheating, in particular when visiting a bath. It manifests itself in the form of small in size elevations on the skin.

Hives of physical stress

A factor that can provoke this type of disease is a large load. In this case, blood vessels may swell, a specific (wheezing) breathing appears, and possibly a sharp drop in blood pressure.

Mechanical dermograph hives

This type of disease develops due to skin irritation by mechanical action, for example, a provocateur can become a vibration. There is a malaise in the form of small linear elevations on the site affected by the lesion.

Solar Urticaria

It can be formed under the influence of sunlight. The attack takes place a few hours after the person leaves in the shade.

Contact urticaria

In the process of contact of the skin or mucosa with certain substances, an attack of hives of this type may develop. He is always accompanied by blisters, severe itching and burning. Quite often, a provocateur becomes latex. This type of hives can be accompanied by anaphylactic shock.

Factors affecting the formation of the disease

There are a number of reasons that can provoke the development of hives. When can it arise?

1. After applying the "forbidden" for the body of drugs, which is accompanied by an appropriate response.
2. After using some "undesirable" food, which can not but be reflected externally, in this case in the form of "patterns" on the skin.
3. After biting small insects that can provoke an allergic reaction (urticaria) by injecting your poison under the human skin. In most cases, these are bees and mites.
4. It can be flower pollen, with the inhalation of which the disease manifests itself.
5. Increased sensitivity to sunlight, low air temperature and other natural phenomena can also manifest as itching blisters of hives.
6. Dental caries, tonsillitis, adnexitis are diseases that are directly related to the onset of chronic urticaria.
7. Hereditary genetic predisposition.
8. Glistovye invasions - helminths.
9. Direct contact with wool cover (animals, clothing).
10. If it is a child who is breastfed, the cause of urticaria may be malnutrition of the mother.

To stabilize the patient's condition and prevent changes in form to a more complex (acute), it is necessary to diagnose the disease itself in a timely manner. With prolonged contact with the allergen in humans, there is an excessive accumulation of intracellular proteases (cathepsins) in the body, which causes a prolonged course of urticaria, that is, a chronic form of the disease. The most persistent is the papular form of hives. This is when the disease was not detected, and his treatment was not carried out, which was the reason for the formation of dense papules (nodules) of red-brown color.

Treatment of urticaria in adults

How to treat hives in adults? Regardless of the course of the disease, treatment always begins with a change in diet. Possible daily allergens are excluded from the daily ration. For oral administration, enterosorbents are prescribed. The selection of such a complex of vitamins, which contains the necessary substances to maintain normal body functioning.

In this case, the doctor usually prescribes ascorbic acid, "Riboflavin", "Pyridoxine" and other medications. If the disease is accompanied by constipation, then laxatives and probiotics are prescribed.

Treatment of acute form

What is the treatment for urticaria in adults in this case? In an acute attack of urticaria, the following treatment is prescribed:

• Antiallergic drug that reduces vascular permeability, as well as increasing their tone;
• Antihistamines that eliminate itching;
• Ointments containing glucosteroids or anesthesin, anti-allergic gels.

If the development of Quincke's edema, the patient is injected subcutaneously with epinephrine hydrochloride. With suffocation, intravenous corticosteroids, as well as antihistamines and calcium chloride, should be administered. In addition, the introduction of diuretics.

Treatment of chronic form

The disease, which has passed into a chronic form, is amenable to therapy. What is the treatment for urticaria in adults with such a course of the disease?

Here special attention is required by the regime of the day, diet, and also the elimination of chronic infections. To diagnose the disease, a number of laboratory tests are needed to identify the source. Only after a comprehensive study the doctor selects individual treatment, which not only removes the symptoms of the underlying disease, but also eliminates the accompanying disorders.

Medication therapy in this case includes:

• Desensitizing preparations. Patients prescribed a solution of sodium thiosulfate course, consisting of 15 injections. Injections must be done either daily or every other day.
• Antihistamines.
• In the case of a severe course of the disease, glucocorticoid hormones are prescribed.
• If deintoxication is necessary, then hemosorption is prescribed.
• Medications that can stimulate the activity of the adrenal glands.

Treatment of the disease in children

On the question of how to treat urticaria in children, there is no general answer. There is simply no single drug. The doctor can prescribe therapeutic treatment only after finding out the true reasons that caused such a reaction.

The most commonly used drugs and procedures

Although there is still a certain technique. So, how to treat hives in children?

The first remedy that must be given to the baby during an attack is an antihistamine. Taking medications in this category can stop the development of the disease, and also improve the child's well-being.

You can use ointments, which include hormonal drugs. However, these drugs can be used only with severe development of hives, since in addition to the excellent therapeutic effect, the use of ointment can give many side reactions.

The next thing that the child gives is diuretics. This category of drugs accelerates the removal of fluid from the body, which helps reduce swelling and, consequently, improve the condition of the small patient. However, in this case, along with the liquid, electrolytes are excreted from the body, so there is a need to monitor blood quality.

Absorbents, possessing excellent absorbing qualities, remove from the body all harmful substances. And since urticaria is a manifestation of an allergic reaction that occurs almost immediately after ingestion of a provoking substance, there is a possibility that it has not yet been completely absorbed and can be removed with the help of an absorbent.

Sometimes a child needs a plasmapheresis. During this procedure, the formed allergic complexes are removed from the blood plasma. However, plasmapheresis is used only in very serious cases.

How to treat urticaria in children, if it provoked the development of edema Quincke

If the swelling of Quincke began to develop , then the following complex of measures is carried out.

1. The child needs to enter a solution of adrenaline.
2. Then the hormonal preparation "Prednisolone" is injected intravenously.
3. An antihistamine group is prescribed.
4. Also, diuretics are administered intravenously.
5. In severe development, artificial ventilation may be used.

Information on how to treat hives in hospitals, has already received enough. It's time to turn to folk medicine.

Treatment of the disease with the help of folk remedies

Let's talk about how to treat hives in children folk remedies. There are many options for therapy, but remember, before using any prescription, it is necessary to consult a doctor. What is the treatment for urticaria in children using "grandmother's" methods?

Here are some effective recipes.

1. Insist 4 spoons of peppermint into 300 ml of hot water. Take infusion three times a day for 50 ml.
2. A glass of dry yarrow pour a glass of boiling water, insist 40 minutes. Decoction take three times during the day for one-third of the glass.
3. An excellent natural diuretic is celery. The plant removes all excess fluid from the body. Root the plants grind on the grater, squeeze the juice and take it an hour before eating on a tablespoon.

Traditional methods of treatment serve only as additional means, but can not be a complete substitute for drug therapy. It is also necessary to make sure that the plant used does not become a source of allergy and does not aggravate the course of the disease. Now you know how to treat hives with folk remedies.

Be healthy!