How does goat goat go? Process features and valuable tips

Any branch of animal husbandry depends on obtaining offspring. No matter the direction of productivity (meat, milk, wool, etc.), success primarily depends on the quality and quantity of the offspring. Mating of individuals is an important process on which the quality of breeding of animals depends. The bundle of goats has its own subtleties, without which it is impossible to obtain an offspring.

Types of mating

In goat breeding, several types of fertilization are used:

• Artificial insemination. This is the most progressive method. Goats are fertilized with sperm from the best producers. Excludes infection with sexually transmitted diseases. The number of inseminated animals can be counted in hundreds. To date, this method is not widely used in the economy of the country due to the lack of a sperm bank. The foreign material is very high quality, but its cost is too high.

• Freestyle. As the mating occurs in goats with this method, described below. Its essence is in the joint maintenance of the queens with the producers during the entire breeding season (from 1.5 to 2 months). This is the cheapest and easiest way. The goats find the females who come to the hunt and cover them. The cheap method does not meet expectations. Too many goats can pass through, and without waiting for the attention of the gentleman. The fact is that after mating with two or three individuals, the goat loses interest in goats, does not pay attention to them. Another disadvantage: with such a mating there can be no question of breeding work. In addition, it is not possible to fix the exact date of insemination of the goat. Manufacturers are rapidly depleted and lose shape. To maintain the activity of goats, it is recommended to separate from females for 5-6 hours per day.
• Harem. It differs from the free one in that in a herd of 25-30 goats there is only one producer. In this case, breeding work is possible, since the uterus is selected for a specific manufacturer. The goat is looking for goats in the hunt and hiding them without human intervention. Disadvantages of this method are, in particular, it is impossible to verify the duration of insemination, and many goats can remain idle.
• Manual. The goat's goat is controlled by the goat-goat. A female that has come into the hunt is identified from the herd with a probe. The goat ready for mating is placed in the machine and cut for the goat chosen for it. Thus, a clear pedigree record is kept, the timing of insemination and the future lambing of the uterus are controlled. Usually one tank is enough if it ends with a characteristic push. The maximum number of cans per "visit" is two. If the goat continues to show signs of hunting, it is cut again after 12 hours.

The most effective method of all of the above is hand mating. During the season, one male (2-7 years old) can cover up to 100 goats. In the free or harem variant, this figure drops to 30 goals.

Requirements to the manufacturer

Although puberty in goats comes already at the age of six months, they start to be used not earlier than in a year. Early "sexual experience" negatively affects the overall development of the male. The offspring of such young "daddies" is not distinguished by viability and good productivity. Animals used up to 6-7 years of age, individual especially valuable goats - up to 8 years, but with reduced load.

To obtain a viable offspring, the best individuals of both sexes are selected. The goat should be:

• Factory condition;
• Strong constitution;
• Absolutely healthy;
• Not be a close relative of the queens;
• Have the appropriate origin (mother - high-yielding, milk is transferred through the manufacturer);
• It is desirable to come from a prolific "family" - from twins or triplets;
• Have an energetic, moving temperament.

You can not leave on the tribe of cryptorchids, animals with any deviations in the development of genitals, lame, drained or too fatty.

Requirements for uterine composition

The first goat mating occurs after reaching 7-9 months of age (although it comes to the hunt already four months after birth). By this time they weigh about 40 kg. The minimum permissible weight is 32 kg. There are goat farmers, who prefer to grow females for up to 18 months and then only occasionally.

There are pluses and minuses. Goats, who had time to give birth before the age of two, have more milk, but their productive use is shorter. Early mating may cause complications during lambing. The older individuals give less milk, but they produce it longer.

When selecting animals for mating, pay attention to:

• exterior;
• health;
• age;
• fatness;
• origin;
• The absence of a close family relationship with the manufacturer.

Females use up to seven years.

Preparing animals

The pedigree goat is used only 3-4 months a year. It is kept in a spacious individual machine with a size of 2 * 1.5 m, the height of the walls is not less than 1.5 m. They should be equipped with crèches for coarse feed, a concentrate feeder. An animal is provided with access to water. To maintain the goat in good physical condition, he is twice a day organized for a walk or grazing.

A goat is possible if both partners are physically healthy and meet the required condition. Before the mating goats do not stop milking, so the diet does not change. Check animals for fatness (preferably good or medium).

The male should have a small layer of subcutaneous fat. Good health is indicated by shiny coat. Instincts do not allow a goat to gain weight during the period from September to December, he is too excited, even if not used in a sloth campaign. Two months before the beginning of the "work", his condition is checked. Too well-fed goat is transferred to a supporting diet, where roughage predominates. The hunter is checked for worms and adds a concussion (begin with 100 grams per day, gradually bring the norm to 600 grams). If necessary, the animal is additionally injected with vitamins and mineral top dressings.

Hunting

Krout females only when they come in hunting. The best time for goat mating is 10-20 hours after its start. Fertility during this period reaches 85%. This is because ovulation occurs 27-29 hours after the first signs of hunting. Hunting continues for a short time - from 12 hours and up to 2 days. It is important to identify it in time and have time to cover the goat. Signs of hunting:

• Restless behavior of the female:
• Swelling and redness of the vulva;
• Constant rotational movements of the tail;
• Visible vaginal discharge: the beginning of the hunt - opaque, dense, the middle - liquid, clean, and at the completion - thick, white;
• She tries by the smell to find a male, constantly sniffing.

The manifestation of hunting can be bright or slow, it depends on the characteristics of the animal, on the season, the conditions of feeding and maintenance. At the beginning of the breeding season, it is not so noticeable.

Technology

Consider how the goat mating occurs. The process itself lasts only a few seconds. To guarantee the fertilization of the female, several simple rules should be followed:

• The place of the mating selects a quiet, calm setting;
• The goat is brought to the female and allowed to make the cage, observing that in addition to a few small jolts at the end there was one strong one;
• After the final push, the goat should hunched, if this did not happen - the mating is repeated;
• After the first landing, the male is allowed to rest for 20-25 minutes and repeats the process;
• In one case the goat can make only two cages, then it needs a break of at least 6 hours (it is useless to cover before - there will not be sperm in the testes, it takes time for it to form).

In goats, the sexual cycle lasts from 17 to 23 days. Its violation serves as a signal about the malnutrition of animals, the lack of trace elements or vitamins.

Timing

The goat's ear begins with the tenth week after June 21st. At this time, animals are massively in the hunt. The optimal time frame is August-September. The offspring, born in January and February, will be ready to go out to the pasture, by that time already having 20 teeth. Fresh green grass will contribute to the rapid development of babies. As the practice of animal husbandry shows, winter children are stronger and more viable.

The second term for covering goats in May-June. Okot will be held in October-November. The offspring leaving in the winter will not receive vitamins and microelements contained in the green forage. Such offspring develops worse and lags behind in growth indicators from their winter relatives.

Features

The catch of goats has its own nuances, which should not be forgotten:

• Fertilization is more effective in October-November;
• The goat can not cover more than two females a day;
• To provoke a hunt in a goat, it is locked for a while with a goat;
• Modern means allow synchronization of hunting in the herd;
• Obesity is a common cause of the lack of hunting;
• In young individuals, hunting takes place almost imperceptibly;
• The most healthy offspring are received from queens at the age of 3-5 years, and animals are used up to 8;
• After lambing the goat is ready for mating for 16-30 days (if it is not covered, the lactation will be longer);
• It is not recommended to receive two litters a year, the second will be weaker, and the goat organism is exhausted (it should rest for at least six months);
• For the constant availability of milk, the herd is better divided into two groups and covered one half in autumn, the second in spring;
• For successful breeding work, a free mating is unacceptable;
• A young goat (up to 2 years old) is not suitable for the role of an "expert" in the detection of hunting in females, it will jump at all, but the older male "cares" only for the female in the hunt;
• In very hot weather, male sexual activity decreases.

These are the main aspects of goat mating. Naturally, each specialist is free to choose suitable methods at his own discretion.