Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnipropetrovsk, Troitskaya Square, 7): history, rector, relics

The main shrine and landmark of Dnipropetrovsk is the Holy Trinity Cathedral. The building belongs to the monuments of architecture of the XIX century. After experiencing difficult times in its history, the Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnepropetrovsk) still works to the delight of all truly Orthodox Christians. Every day, there are rites, worship services.

History

Holy Trinity Cathedral is not called accidentally. In the XIX century, the church was called the Trinity, and at some time - the Descent of the Holy Spirit. The cathedral was erected on the site of the old city church, which honored the Kazan icon of the Mother of God. It was small in size, consecrated in the distant 1791. After forty years of service, the church became much dilapidated, and the merchants of the city decided to turn to the famous architects Visconti and Bode to create a new temple project. At the same time, the Assumption Church and a new merchant church were designed. The place for the future temple was consecrated in 1837. The city was not able to erect simultaneously two great buildings, so the whole emphasis was on the Assumption Church.

Eight years have passed since the laying, and in 1845 Fyodor Duplenko (timber merchant) donated three thousand rubles, which was enough only to build a foundation. As far as possible, Duplenko allocated funds for several years to which the temple was built. In general, he contributed a hundred thousand rubles to the construction (a lot of money for that time). The merchant died in 1848 from a serious illness.

In 1855, the church was completed, the bishop at that time was Leonid Zaretsky. Consecrated in the name of the Holy Trinity. Since that time, the temple day is the feast of the Holy Trinity.

The cathedral has three chapels. The right - the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, the left - of St. Andrew, the central - the Life-Giving Trinity. Three city streets received these names: Kazan (K.Libknekhta street), Pervozvanovskaya (Korolenko street), Troitskaya (Krasnaya street) and Troitskaya square (Krasnaya square).

Description. Erection of the bell tower

One of the local architects developed a project, which was erected in the 1860's stone high bell tower. At that time in Ekaterinoslav (Dnepropetrovsk) it was the tallest building. Already later a chapel was built between the church and the bell tower, which connected the buildings into one whole, the area of the church almost doubled. Patrons of this construction were Andrei Kirpichnikov and his family, who in total allocated fifteen thousand rubles.

Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnepropetrovsk), whose address is Red Square, 7, at the end of the XIX century, had the functions of the city parish church. A candle store was built, as well as twelve church benches at the Troitsk Bazaar, the parish school and the House of the Parable. The prefect at that time was Ivan Alekseenko.

The beginning of XX century. Painting by Izhakevich

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Holy Trinity Church began extensive repair work. To perform painting works (frescoes, icons), Ivan Izhakevich (1864-1962), an outstanding painter of Ukraine, was invited, he was a great specialist in the field of Ukrainian folklore and folk art. Until the Revolution, his main activity was temple painting, the handwriting of which no one could repeat. The most famous of his paintings are the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra (Trapeznaya), there are the main gates of the monastery, the Church of All Saints in the Lavra. All these masterpieces of the author belong to the beginning of the XX century.

The square of Troitskaya, where the temple is located, receives hundreds of believers daily. Everyone can go to the Holy Trinity Church and contemplate the beauty, uniqueness of the painting. For Yekaterinoslav the invitation at that time of such a significant master was a great achievement. The hand of the master belongs to the images of the saints on the pylons of the cathedral executed in full growth (Cyril and Methodius, Paul, Peter), as well as evangelists on sails in the central nave.

The coming of Soviet power

In 1910, the headman Ivan Alekseenko died, and the reconstruction of the cathedral dragged on. Completed the work was only in 1917. But with the advent of the Soviets, new troubles began for the churchmen. The Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnipropetrovsk) accepted the Department of the Diocesan Hierarch, as the Transfiguration Cathedral was closed.

In 1934, during times of atheistic tendencies, the church was closed, explaining this by "the absence of parishioners." The crosses were dropped, the bells were torn down by the vandals from the bell-towers and broken. Numerous shops, warehouses, workshops were located on the territory of the temple. The building of the church was divided into two floors, adapted for storage space. And the angels that are hovering over the portal still glorified God and observed from above the unloading of sacks with provisions, as they once looked at the praying parishioners. Dirt, dampness, temperature changes caused great damage to internal paintings, decoration of the temple. The faces of the saints were even simply painted over with whitewash and paint.

During the war

Divine services resumed in the church in 1941, during the war. Since then, they no longer ceased. When the city was liberated in 1943, the abbot Vladimir Kapustinsky, who had been the rector of the Vedeno Church prior to the revolution, perished in the confusion of the war years. The Protodeacon of the Holy Trinity Cathedral, Illarion, was also shot right in the courtyard of the church. It rests in the courtyard of the cathedral, as are the bodies of many victims of the German bombardments of 1941.

Despite the hard times for the project of Vladimir Samodrygi in 1942, the Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnepropetrovsk) was partially restored. Funds were small, so the most necessary work was done - plastered walls, hung bells, painted green in the dome and crossed them. Inside, partially cleared paintings, dismantled unnecessary overlap.
In 1944, the restoration of the church continued. At the same time there was a reorganization in the Diocese of Dnepropetrovsk. So the cathedral officially became the residence of the bishop, accordingly, there was much more money allocated for the restoration work.

Restoration of the temple. Who is the mysterious author of the painting?

A large restoration of the church at the address Red Square, 7 began in the 1950s. The surviving unique author's paintings were restored: icons of the apostles, ornaments, cherubs in the arches of domes, "Joseph's Flight into Egypt". Frescoes that were not subject to recovery, replaced with new ones. A new iconostasis was created, a porch, a balcony for the choir, and much more.

In those days, the name of the author of the paintings was revealed. A sad paradox - the author Izhakevich was still alive in those years, but he was forced to remain silent about his sympathies for Orthodoxy. No one knew that all these paintings belonged to him.

The first assumption about the authorship of Izhakevich was expressed by Archbishop Guri, who was an excellent connoisseur and connoisseur of church painting. Having written out Moscow restorers from Moscow, the archbishop became convinced of his conjectures. One of the masters was Kutlinsky - a student of Izhakevich. On the handwriting of the picture, he immediately identified the authorship of the paintings. Finally, the authorship was confirmed by the regional society for the protection of monuments. The aged artist Konovalyuk FZ helped with the painting of the cathedral in the distant 1909, he told many interesting details about the work done.

Cathedral in the 21st century

Great contribution to the restoration of the temple was made by Metropolitan of Dnipropetrovsk Irenaeus and rector of the archpriest Aksyutin Vladimir Viktorovich. When the cathedral was completely rebuilt, the facade was completely renovated, the roof was repaired, the domes were renovated, new windows were installed, and granite windowsills were installed. In 2009, in the autumn one of the first green domes (central) shone in gold. Already on Christmas Day, January 7, during the passage of the Divine Service under the rays of the sun, he shone as if the flame of faith of all those gathered in the temple rose into the sky.

In 2010, completely restored the entire facade, the arrival of His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow Cyril gilded the dome of the bell tower, renewed the crosses, painted the rest of the dome, restored the molding, facade icons.

Visit of His Holiness Patriarch Kirill

In the summer of 2010, the Holy Trinity Cathedral (Dnepropetrovsk) hosted a distinguished guest. At the entrance to the temple, Archpriest Vladimir Aksyutin was met by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill. In the temple itself, and around it hundreds of believers gathered. Inside the cathedral there were all the shepherds of the city and important government officials. Vladyka Irenaeus gave the Patriarch a list of the image of the Virgin Mary of Samara, which is especially revered in the church. With a response word in memory of his visit, Cyril handed the image of the Savior to the rector of the church. Every year on January 7, during the Christmas celebration, the Patriarch of Moscow sends his congratulations to his counterparts in Dnepropetrovsk.

Relics of the temple. Shrines

Buried at the walls of the cathedral are the diocesan bishops Varlaam (Ilyushchenko), Andrei (Komarov), Kronid (Mishchenko), the founders, the abbots of the church. To the right of the central gate during the war in 1941, the victims of the first bombings were buried here.

The sacred objects of the cathedral are carefully preserved: the icon "The Weeping Savior", the icon of the "Holy Trinity" with a fragment of the Mamvri oak, the icon of the Mother of God "Kazan", "Iverskaya", "Samara", "Worthy Is", two cross-relics containing particles of revered Orthodox The saints (including the baptizer of Lord John). It is located in the cathedral, a cross-relic with the particles of the relics of the Optina elders.

The most ancient relics are preserved in the cathedral: a tomb from the St. Nicholas Cathedral, the iconostasis of the Kazan Church.