Groove cutters for wood. Types of tools and precautions when working with it

With the advent of such devices as grooves in the wood, modern masters have a lot of opportunities to create real masterpieces. After reading this article, you will learn about the existing versions of this tool and about what it is used for.

Principle of operation of the instrument

The milling cutter for a hand mill is a steel rod that has a cylindrical shape. A straight woodworking tool of this type consists of a shank ensuring a reliable fixation of the tool in the clamp of the cartridge, and a working part, on the cylindrical surface of which there are several cutting edges.

In the process of woodworking, the grooving cutters are unwound under the influence of the electric motor to certain revolutions, and then they are brought into direct contact with the processed element. The material is sampled at the expense of the cutting edges located at the bottom of the tool. Expansion and alignment of the groove is ensured by the presence of side working parts.

Purpose of the tool

Grooving cutters are used to perform a fairly wide range of operations related to the processing of wood. They are used to create punctate and stud joints, to select the grooves in the door leaf when installing loops, as well as for the production of building structures and individual furniture elements.

Of course, all this can be done with the help of an ordinary hammer and a chisel. But this will take an unreasonably long time and effort. While milling ensures maximum accuracy and high speed of execution of such operations.

The main varieties of grooving cutters

Depending on what operations are capable of performing these or those grooving cutters, they can be divided into several categories, including:

• Shaped;
• Structural;
• Glazing;
• Direct.

To produce this device, high-quality carbide tool steel of special grades is used. The most important technical parameters of grooving cutters are the total length, working height, the diameter of the shank and the cutting part. When selecting the tool necessary for a certain type of woodworking work, it is necessary to take into account the groove parameters that need to be made in the end part of the part or in the plate.

Grooving disc slotted

This kind of tool is used to process all possible grooves and grooves of the product. For the design of the narrow groove, thin disc slotted cutters are used. Angle grooves are obtained with a single or two-angle tool. To extend the life of the corner milling cutters their vertices need to be slightly rounded. Disk milling cuts can be divided into two categories:

• One-piece tools that can be three-sided with straight or multidirectional blades, tapered and simply grooved;
• Devices with plug-in blades.

Double groove cutter

Such devices, extending the basic capabilities of power tools, are used to produce straight grooves with a figured bottom. To date, two versions of this tool are available:

• Cutters with rounded tips, allowing to decorate the surface of the processed board with complex decorative grooves;
• Devices with V-shaped end cutting edges, which allow making grooves of a certain depth.

Such cutters are used for decorative processing of not only the surface of the plate itself, but also its edges. The cost of such a tool exceeds the price of straight cutters by an order of magnitude.

Shaped cutters

A similar tool is used in those cases when it is necessary to apply a certain pattern to the surface. With the help of standard milling cutters door panels, overlays for furniture and other interior elements are made. A tool of this type is actively used for deep selection and removal of straight chamfers at various angles, for simple and complex rounding of edges, for creating complex concave profiles and edges with rounded edges.

Safety when using a mill

To avoid injury due to incorrect use of milling machines, it is necessary to adhere to the simplest safety rules. Install and change the milling cutter in the chuck only after disconnecting the appliance from the mains. During operation, make sure that the shank is completely clamped in the chuck. Insufficient holding can cause serious injury. On the shank there should be no rust, resins and oily contaminants capable of provoking its slipping out of the chuck clamp. The surface to be treated must be free of any foreign objects. When working with woodworking tools, do not forget about such protective equipment as gloves, respirator and eye glasses. This will save you from the fine wood dust that forms.