Genre of Ode in the Creative Work of Lomonosov

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov did much for the development of Russian literature. In his work, the great Russian philologist relied on the lyric genre of ode.

Foreword

The origins of the ode take still from antiquity. The 18th century of Russian literary creativity is represented by a great variety of odes, such as praiseworthy, spiritual, victorious, patriotic, philosophical and anacreontic. As usual, it is a quatrain with a repetitive rhyme. In its domestic version, for the most part, there were stanzas consisting of ten verses.

Victory-patriotic "Ode to the Taking of Khotin"

Mikhail Vassilievich presented his victorious patriotic creation entitled "Ode to the Taking of Khotin" in 1739. In her Lomonosov, it is possible to distinguish three basic parts: an introduction, the very description of the battle scenes, and then the culmination represented by the glorification and rewarding of the winners. The scenes of combat are shown with the inherent Lomonosov style of hyperbolization, with many impressive comparisons, metaphors and personifications, which in turn most vividly reflect the dramatic character and heroism of military operations.

Dramatism and pathos are exacerbated with the appearance of rhetorical questions, the author's exclamations, which he draws then to the Russian soldiers, then to their opponents. In addition, there are also appeals to the historical past, which in turn enriches the ode, filled with a spirit of patriotism.

Lomonosov was the first to use a four-legged iambic with male and female rhymes in his odes. The genre of odes is the true peak of his work. Subsequently, the four-legged iambic was also represented in the works of Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov, Yesenin, Blok and other poets.

Creditable odes

Most of the written by Mikhail Vasilievich od was associated with the coronation of one or another ruler. He dedicated his odes to John IV Antonovich, Peter III, Anna Ioannovna, Catherine II and others. An integral part of the idle coronation was represented by the genre of ode. Lomonosov embraced inspiration, and each of his creations described the official court role of rulers much broader and more colorful. In each of the odes, Mikhail Vasilievich invested his ideological design, anticipating the bright future of the Russian people.

The genre of odes was used by Mikhail Vasilyevich as one of the most convenient forms of conversation with crowned rulers. In the form of this praise for deeds, which, as a rule, the monarch had not yet committed, Lomonosov expressed his preferences, instructions and advice in favor of a great-power state. The ode allowed them to be presented in a soft, approving and flattering tone for the rulers. Desired in the coronation praise of Lomonosov stood out as valid and thus obliged the monarch to be worthy of her in the future.

The genre of ode in the work of Mikhail Vasilyevich also reflected all sorts of events in the political life of that time. The most attention here was given to battle events. The great Russian poet was proud of the glory of Russian artillery and the greatness of the Russian state, capable of resisting any enemy.

The poetic personality of Mikhail Vasilievich's laudable ones is fully identified with their ideological content. Each ode is an enthusiastic monologue of the poet.

Spiritual odes

Lomonosov fully manifested himself in writing spiritual odes. They in the 18th century were called poetic expoundations of biblical writings with a lyrical content. At the head of the book was a book of psalms, where poets continually sought out themes similar to their thoughts and experiences. For this reason, spiritual odes could carry in themselves the most diverse direction - from a very personal to a high, general civil.

The spiritual odes of Lomonosov are filled with ecstasy, ecstasy, harmony and splendor of the universe.

In describing one of the most dramatic biblical books, "The Book of Job," Lomonosov abstracted her pious and ethical issues and provided a description of her truly awesome pictures of wildlife. And again, before us, the readers, there is an immense star-painted sky, a rampant sea depth, a storm, an eagle floating in the sky, a huge hippopotamus, furiously trampling the raging thorns, and even the mythical in its splendor, Leviathan, dwelling on the ocean floor.

Unlike praiseworthy, the genre of spiritual odes is distinguished by its laconicity and elegance of exposition. Strophes, consisting of ten verses, are replaced here, as a rule, by quatrains with a ring or cross rhyme. The style of writing spiritual odes is laconic and devoid of all sorts of "decorations".

Finally

Our attention was given to the ode. What genre can still boast such a wonderful lyrical content? Thanks to the variety of means used for expressiveness and ideological content, the creations of Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov still occupy a worthy place among the majestic creations of Russian poetry.