Dislocation of jaw

Dislocation of the jaw today, unfortunately, is not such a rarity, which may seem at first glance. The most common cause of its occurrence is a stroke or excessive opening of the mouth in various situations, be it yawning, screaming, vomiting, treatment or tooth extraction and so on.

In the case where the jaw is displaced from the front, then such a dislocation is called the anterior one, and if the back is called the posterior one. In addition, dislocations distinguish one- and two-sided. Depending on how the process proceeds, there are sharp and habitual dislocations.

Dislocation of the jaw leads to a jumping of the joint of the jaw through the articular tubercle near the temporal bone. In this case, the joint bag, as a rule, is not torn.

The main symptoms are pain in a person. Mostly, patients complain of severe, rather strong, pain. In addition, they are salivating, as well as the functions of the jaw itself.

The most commonly diagnosed bilateral dislocation of the jaw, in which the patient's mouth remains half-open, and the jaw is lowered downward and at the same time sharply extended forward. Their cheeks are tightened. Starting from the tragus, there is a palpation of the palpation.

Make any movement of the jaw becomes impossible. In the case of a habitual dislocation, intense pain and clicking in the joint attracts attention. Although independently diagnose and, moreover, to begin self-categorically is contraindicated, so as not to aggravate an already difficult situation.

The diagnosis can be made only by a qualified specialist on the basis not only of the patient's complaints, but also taking into account the history, the results of clinical and laboratory studies or radiography and the clinical picture as a whole.

There are several methods of treatment, depending on the type and nature of the dislocation. Thus, acute dislocation of the jaw is caused by local anesthesia. After this, the jaw should be immobilized with a ligature fastening or a sling-like bandage for two weeks.

If the dislocation is habitual, then conservative therapy is carried out, which is to wear a special orthopedic device for a certain time, limiting the movement of the lower jaw directly .

When after all these methods there is no positive result or there is no effect at all, then one has to resort to surgical treatment. It is aimed at increasing the height of the articular tubercle when using a bone graft.

The most frequent type of pathology is the trauma of the maxillofacial region. When diagnosing them, special attention must be paid to the circumstances that caused the trauma, its nature (transport, household, sports, production, etc.).

And also it is necessary to establish the time of the incident and to get as much information as possible from witnesses, accompanying and ambulance workers. In addition, it is required to examine all available supporting documents.

Often, when there are any injuries of the maxillofacial area, patients complain of pain in a variety of departments. They also have swelling, clotting of teeth, violation of swallowing, speech and chewing.

But it should be noted that among all bone injuries directly to the facial skeleton, jaw fractures are the most common. And as practice shows, their prevailing number falls on the fractures of the lower part (about 70%).

When the fracture of the upper part occurs, the face is somewhat elongated, since the fragments of the upper jaw are shifted downwards and disrupt the habitual proportion of the teeth. As a result, the victims can not close their mouths, and with any attempt the pain is only intensified. Due to gum rupture, moderate bleeding is observed.

As is shown by more than one medical history, a fracture of the lower jaw is accompanied by pain, which is sharply aggravated by the slightest attempt to move it. In this case, the mouth is in a semi-open state, the correct ratio of teeth is broken, and soon soft tissue swells.

At the first sign, immediately call an ambulance. As breathing becomes difficult, and often painful shock also occurs . In addition, there is a possibility of concussion of the brain.