Democratic society, signs of democracy

Democracy is a type of state structure in which people's power becomes the dominant power. The main signs of democracy are the free will of the citizens of the country, their equality, the elective basis of government bodies, the accountability of state bodies and the separation of all power structures.

Law is the main form in which all principles and norms of a democratic system are realized. It is represented by a system of laws governing the life of society. Modern democratic society differs significantly from historical democracy. It is based on the political views of the Enlightenment and New Times.

There are models of democracy that have many subspecies. In general, there are about 550 of them. The theory of this type of society is divided into a large number of concepts and a number of models, but the main ones that exist at the present time are only two - they are radical democratic and liberal democratic. They arose when trying to find a solution to the Hobbes problem. What was it? The essence of it can be presented as follows: a person entrusted himself with a contract on the social status, that is, he entrusted the authorities to manage it, but the state must at the same time guarantee the observance of rights. In this connection, the question arose of preserving the freedom of a person living in a particular society. How to do it? The answer to this question was before the authorities.

Politicians saw the freedom of man in different ways. Liberal Democrats assured that freedom is a person's right to moral autonomy. The society acted in this case as the sum of all citizens with their autonomy having a common interest. This kind of state model of democracy limited freedom, because it was based only on the law. At the same time, the branches of power must have had clear boundaries. It is noteworthy that the principle of voting was based on the results of the choice of the majority, but the rights of the minority were necessarily protected.

Radical-democratic views were based on the fact that a reasonable person could exist outside of society, but being in it, he becomes a social being. Radicals in the first place put a public person who believed that the common good is a priority over the laws of the state, over the law. The principle of separation of powers, which the liberals welcomed, citizens of radical views denied.

In addition to those listed, in modern science there are other models, representatives of which differently see how a democratic society should develop.

For example, J. Schumpeter believed: the democratic principle of the device is needed in order to be able to make political decisions by fighting among competitors for electoral votes, and classical democratic theory did not hold such an opinion.

The scientist and politician D. Held singled out the following signs of democracy: the system of industrial society, strong executive power, healthy party competition and restrictions on policy making.

E. Dawn believed that the signs of democracy must necessarily be present in the governance process, namely, in elections, in formed coalitions, in the party struggle for the votes of voters, in the non-interference of the elected party in the use of the rights of the opposition.

Despite the fact that there are many of its models, it is possible to single out the main features of democracy in society: the diversity of views and interests of citizens, free access to party formations, free voting rights, control over the work of government, consideration of the majority opinion in the interests of the minority and peaceful resolution of conflicts .