Cash equipment. Fiscal registrars - what is it?

To date, most organizations that are on a common or simplified taxation system are required to use cash registers. This equipment is designed to capture the turnover of cash and transactions conducted with the help of bank cards. Thus, the state supervises and controls the timely receipt of money. Intermediate control element between the entrepreneur and the state is the tax service at the place of registration. All transactions are recorded by check. All cash equipment is acquired by the entrepreneur independently.

The need for CCP has affected the following areas of people's professional activity:

• Points of public catering;
• Trade (wholesale and retail);
• Rendering of services, including hotel business;
• Sale of products from oil.

Types of technology

According to the specifics of operation, cash registers and fiscal registrars are distinguished among cash registers. What is it and what is the difference between them?

To begin with, we note that the principle of recording information is the same for them and is based on the following elements:

• Fiscal memory . An integrated board that contains information about the machine itself, the owner of the device and all the transactions, including returns. Allows you to shoot reports for a specified period of time. The average is calculated for 2000 records.
• EKLZ . Removable block, remembers all transactions. To be replaced every 13 months at the expense of the owner. Correction of data written on EKLZ is punishable.

Both these positions perform the same task described above. But the principle of work is different:

• Cash register machine (CCM) . Works autonomously. The punched amount is driven into the device by the seller. For a full-fledged operation, periodic charging and proper operation are sufficient.
• Fiscal registrar (FR). Not able to work autonomously. Operated as an output device (prints a check) as part of a shopping mall. The availability of specialized software is mandatory.

The validity of fiscal registrars

As already mentioned above, fiscal registrars go in combination with a trading program and related equipment. To date, an increasing number of sales points are moving from "counter-trading" to full automation, since this allows you to streamline the process and minimize the error with the same inventory. This applies primarily to enterprises in the regions, since large cities are already firmly "hooked" on automated accounting.

Fiscal registrar: from purchase to commencement of work

This equipment is the main element of accounting. To control it, the tax authority intervenes in the process of exploitation, providing additional safety and isolation of the data. Therefore, you can not just buy fiscal registrars (what is it, we found out above), connect to the trading program and start working. Previously, the device must undergo a process of fiscalization in a certified maintenance center and the Tax Inspection at the place of registration. The process can be broken down into the following stages:

• The representative of the organization comes to TEC with a fiscal registrar, a stamp and an organization card.
• The TEC employee programs the device by entering data of the owner organization into it. The device is fastened with the seal-seal, a means of visual control.
• The TEC employee makes the necessary data in the EKLZ passport and the application for registration of the fiscal registrar.
• The completed application is sent to the IFTS, where its representative activates the fiscal memory by entering a special code. In the process, a check is printed, indicating the activation, and the first report is canceled with blanking. EKLZ is additionally protected with a password.
• Information on the commissioned fiscal registrar is entered in the accounting book, the registration organization is issued to the owner organization. This is all, the equipment can be connected to the hardware and start working.

Favorites of the market. Brand "Bar-M"

The modern market of automation equipment offers a variety of options for fiscal registrars. Entrepreneurs can buy any, the only thing that limits their choice - an up-to-date register of authorized cash register equipment of the Russian Federation. However, practice shows that among all the variety of more popular models of brands "Bar-M" and "Atol". First, consider the options of the first firm. "Bar-M" and their fiscal registrars - what is it and what are they good at? Let's consider each species separately:

• Fiscal registrar "Bar-Light-FR-K". Budget version of the CCP. Operates on a check tape with a width of 57 mm. The connection type is RS / USB. Suitable for point of sale with medium and lower load. The average price is 26,000 rubles.
• Fiscal registrar "Bar-M-FR-K". A more solid model, works on a check tape with a width of 80 mm. More wear-resistant thermal head. The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 29,000 rubles.
• Fiscal registrar "Bar-FR-K". A beautiful, sturdy apparatus, a "workhorse." Most of the points of the Magnit network work on it. Operates on a check tape with a width of 57 mm. The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 33 000 rubles.

Favorites of the market. Brand "Atol"

Models of this company rightfully divide the laurel wreath of the winner with models from "Shtrih-M". They are more wear-resistant, but less convenient in operation, since most of the specialized software from Atol is paid. The most popular types:

• Fiscal registrar FPrint-5200K. It is designed for intensive operation. Operates on a check tape with a width of 57 mm. The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 33 00 rubles.
• Fiscal registrar FPrint-02K. On the functional and performance characteristics is similar to the previous model, but works on a check tape with a width of 80 mm. The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 35,000 rubles.
• Fiscal registrar FPrint-22PTK. A qualitative device designed for the average flow of visitors. Operates on a check tape 80 mm wide. The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 29,000 rubles.
• Fiscal registrar FPrint-55PTK. Similar to the previous model, but it can also be printed on a tape with a width of 44 mm (in addition to 57 mm). The connection type is RS / USB. The average price is 27,000 rubles.

Fiscal registrars and payment terminals

All terminals for accepting payments should include a fiscal registrar ("Atol", "Bar" or other company - not important). Ignoring this requirement will entail fines, since the principle of the terminals implies the acceptance of cash. Owners have two options:

• Replace the printer printing checks to the fiscal registrar, having previously registered the last in the tax;
• Purchase a set of improvements, which will allow to convert a working printer into a fiscal registrar. This solution is not suitable for all printers, unfortunately.

Fiscal registrars - what is it in the light of the coming year?

In early 2016, the situation with fiscal registrars may change due to two events:

• The system of control over organizations will change. Those who purchase the device after January 1, 2016, will use its upgraded version, equipped with a module for data transmission in real time. This information will be processed by special centers, after which it will already arrive at the Federal Tax Service. Also, the digital form of the check will be formed, which, if required, the organization will be obliged to provide the buyer. Those who will have time to register a fiscal registrar before the end of 2015, will work under the old scheme for 7 years - this is the period of operation of the cash register, after which it is subject to scheduled replacement.
• The system of control over organizations that sell alcohol will change. Since July 2016, all of them will have to switch from fiscal registrars to software and hardware complexes, since the latter have the ability to generate a QR code on their check, without which the alcohol holiday is fraught with the deprivation of the license.

Fiscal registrar "Maria" - Ukrainian analogue

Ukraine has a different type of control over the turnover of cash, rather than Russia now. This monitoring is similar to what our organizations are waiting for in 2016 - the most popular fiscal registrar "Maria 304T" is equipped with a module that in real time transmits sales reports to controlling bodies.

In addition, there is the "Maria 301 MTM" model, which:

• Is autonomous, that is, it does not require a connection to the trading complex;
• The volume of the built-in memory allows to store up to 20 750 positions in the device at a time, and the length of the names can reach 24 symbols;
• The device provides all types of reports, starting from standard and ending with fixed periods;
• Has the ability to calculate taxes nested, imposed and tax on individual income;
• Fiscal registrar "Maria 301 MTM" has the option of connecting a safe to it.