Bottom filter for the well with your own hands: description, instructions, diagrams and reviews

Water supply in the suburban area is an integral part of its arrangement. There are many different options for the organization, including a familiar well. It allows you to autonomously receive water, suitable not only for irrigation, but also for drinking. It should be noted that its creation includes many stages, while many land owners have a question about whether a bottom filter is needed in the well. Determine its necessity can be after examining the bottom and revealing the type of soil in its base. It is also worth paying attention to the direction of the water-bearing vein. Carrying out of researches is possible both in the process of cleaning, and when digging a well.

Features

After the installation of this type of water supply is not always possible to be content with clean and delicious water, often instead of it you can find a cloudy, unsightly liquid. If it is poured into a container, after a while a sediment with a characteristic unpleasant odor is formed.

Specialized equipment for water treatment is quite expensive. The way out of the situation is the installation of the bottom filter in the well, which consists of natural materials.

It can have a direct and reverse operation principle. The latter is suitable for wells, differing in measured flow and sandy bottom. For laying the bottom, fine-grained material is used. The need for a direct filter arises when installing a wood panel and in the presence of a quicksand or loose clay layer. At the same time, a large fraction of the material is deposited on the bottom.

The installation of a special shield is necessary if there is a probability of a muzzle. For its production, wood is used, characterized by a long-term preservation of the original characteristics in water. The most widespread are aspen and oak. The product is lost from the boards, previously cut to the size of the well shaft. In the shield itself it is necessary to make several holes with a diameter of 1 cm.

What you need to know

Also it is possible to make the bottom filter for a well made of stainless steel. For this purpose, a stainless mesh is fixed between two steel circles of a suitable diameter. The size of the cells should be within 1-3 mm. But shields of this type are thin enough and require frequent replacement due to the fact that they quickly get stuck in the sand.

To prevent the filter from raising the filter with water, it is covered with large stones, on top of which pebbles or gravel are laid. Their total thickness should be at least 15 cm. In the presence of strong quicksand, systematic installation of a new shield will be required, since the old one will be absorbed into the soil.

Direct and Reverse Principle

A direct bottom filter for a well with a loose clay surface provides water purification and simultaneous prevention of soil erosion. To begin with, dirt and sludge are removed from the bottom. Large rubble acts as the first layer. Further, a smaller gravel is laid. Fine-grained river pebbles are filled with the last layer. The thickness of the filter should be at least half a meter.

When using the reverse design, the sand particles will remain in place regardless of the effect. It also forms protection against debris that can get outside. Its arrangement is carried out as follows:

• River, pre-washed sand is covered with the first layer;
• Further - a river pebble or a finely ground schungite;
• The last layer is rubble or a stone of the middle fraction.

Additional filter

With a weak flow of water or other circumstances, due to which the installation of the bottom filter in the well is impossible, it is possible to equip the wall additional option. In this case, the well will be filled through the holes in the wall, they must be in the lower part, have a horizontal and V-shape.

For installation, a structure based on coarse-grained concrete is used. It consists of cement and gravel, with no sand in the composition. The components are diluted with water until a consistency similar to sour cream is obtained. Gravel is poured into the received mass and mixed thoroughly with it. Each stone must acquire a shell from the solution. Pre-made holes are filled with mass and left until hardening. It is worth noting that the choice of gravel is carried out depending on the existing conditions, while the composition must prevent sand.

Care and maintenance

Bottom filter for a well, the price of which is within 3000 rubles, eventually becomes contaminated with mud, clay deposits and sand. Accordingly, it must be cleaned regularly. For this, all material is removed and thoroughly washed under running water. If sand is used, it must be replaced with a new one. Then the stones return back in the same sequence.

To make a bottom filter for the well with your own hands, you do not need special skills and costs. In this simple and budgetary device allows you to get water, suitable for both drinking and domestic needs. But the use of liquid is possible only after it is tested in the local SES. In addition to water purification, the functions of such devices include preventing the silting of the bottom and the development of pathogenic microorganisms. They also provide longer operation of the pumps.

Type of soil

The water from the well, which is based on a dense clay layer with springs, is always clean, since the bottom formed rock is not susceptible to dissolution. In this case, there is no need to install a filter, on the contrary, its use will be harmful, since it can block the output of the sources. As a device for rough cleaning, a special filter can be used to trap large particles in water and to be installed in the water intake system.

When you need a filter

If the well has a bottom of soft clay, characterized by a slight blur, then the water in its lower part will be quite turbid. The installation of a filter is not necessary if water is used from the top layer and there is a high liquid level. It is desirable to fill the bottom with rubble to reduce the likelihood of its blurring.

The sandy bottom is characterized by the presence of keys. Water in this case seeps gradually and uniformly. Bottom filter for a well from aspen is necessary because of the possibility of surface blurring even under the condition of light impact. Without its use it is impossible to operate pumping equipment, since the devices will fail because of the clogging of the system.

Some wells are characterized by the presence of quicksand, which is a sandy base, supersaturated with groundwater. They have a fluid structure and contribute to the emergence of systematic emissions at the bottom and turbid fluid jets. In this case, it will not be possible to confine oneself to a single filter, since protection against erosion in the form of a shield of wood is required.

Bottom filter for the well: the choice of materials

River pebbles have a neutral chemical composition and are a rounded stone of various sizes and colors. It can be found on river banks, and before washing it should be washed under running water.

Gravel is a loose porous rock with a grain size within 2 cm. The material suitable for the filter must not contain impurities of clay or sand.

Shungite has become widespread in purification systems due to the effective removal of organic contaminants, refined products and metal compounds. This material is the best option for a well with a small depth, which is close to the road, as it disinfects the water.

Quartz sand has a transparent structure, characterized by the presence of dark inclusions. Before making a bottom filter for a well using sand, it must be cleaned by rinsing in a mold and adding water. The liquid is mixed and drained after 40-60 seconds. This is necessary in order for large grains of sand to be found on the bottom, while the particles of silt and clay were suspended. If necessary, the procedure can be performed several times to obtain clean water.

Crushed stone is a mixture of stones, having a different shape. Its extraction is carried out mainly by a mechanical method. The material can be based on minerals of various types. But the bottom filter for the well with their own hands can be made not from any type of rubble. For example, the granite version is distinguished by a high radiation background, and the building one can pollute the liquid because of its limestone base. Also, it is subject to blurring with a long time in the water. The optimum option is a material having a neutral base with high cleaning abilities.

Reviews

According to many owners, the water in the well has become cleaner after installing an aspen shield with a seal in the form of river stones.

Some also hold the opinion that it is better to leave the well in its original form and use only a sand and stone embankment, such as shungite and pebbles, as other species are not able to provide proper cleaning, and their health safety is in doubt.

Reviews about bottom filters from stainless steel are mostly positive. The main advantage over wood is the absence of rot.