Apricot tree: varieties, cultivation, care

One of the most popular for cultivation is the apricot tree. The sweet flesh of the fruit conquered not only the inhabitants of China, the native land of the tree, but also our compatriots. Many people are interested in the question of how to grow apricot tree from a bone. About this and many other things we will tell in our article. It is designed for beginning gardeners who decided to plant this tree in their garden. Some people put it in order to enjoy the sweet taste of the flesh of the fetus, but far from everyone knows about the useful properties of apricot. But there are so many that it is very difficult to underestimate this fruit.

general information

Apricot, the description of which we represent to you, is very common in the Caucasus. Even the translation of the name gives us to understand that apricot is a Caucasian product. "Armenian apple" is the second name of this fruit. But, despite the fact that the tree prefers a warm climate, it is really growing in other regions. Recently, apricot in the suburbs - not uncommon. The main thing is to follow the recommendations for care, which are not very difficult or impossible.

Many varieties of fruit are known. The main difference in this case is the size of the fruit, its color and taste. Some varieties are sweeter, others are more fragrant, etc. The composition, for example, the amount of sugar, is also different, and this is an important point, because not everyone benefits from sweet foods. Applied apricot also in different forms. In addition to eating fruit in its raw form, it can be dried and made from it juice.

Types of trees

Apricot tree is of two kinds, based on the way of growth:

1. Wild trees.
2. Home apricots.

If to speak about wild variants, most of such trees can be seen in such places as:

• Middle Asia.
• Northern China.
• Kazakhstan.
• Caucasus.

Well, at home, in the garden, apricots can be found in different parts of the world, except in very cold regions, where the tree can not survive due to lack of heat. It should be noted that the fruit does not have any influence on the fruit's taste. Wild trees bring the same delicious apricots.

Varieties

If we talk about the territory of Russia, we know about fifty-four varieties of this tree. Each of them is good in its own way, and the gardener can choose an option for every taste. We list the names of these varieties for reference:

• Iceberg.
• Academician.
• Alyosha.
• Amur.
• Aquarius.
• Apricot East Siberian.
• East Soyan.
• Mountain Abakan.
• Countess.
• Gritikaz.
• Jenghutayevsky.
• Pearl.
• Compost.
• Red Apricot.
• Red-cheeked Nikolayevsky.
• Late Red-cheeked.
• Black Kuban.
• Anniversary of Kuibyshev.
• Lel.
• Monastic.
• Musa.
• Orlik Stavropolsky.
• Orlovchanin.
• Early Kuibyshevsky.
• Peter Komarov.
• Spicy.
• Marusich early.
• Advertising.
• The Samara.
• Sayanskiy.
• Northern Lights.
• Seraphim.
• Siberian Baikalov.
• Snezhinskiy.
• Youth Stavropol.
• Offspring of Red-cheeked.
• Surprise.
• Tamasha.
• The Triumph of the North.
• Uzden.
• Ulyanikhinsky.
• Untsukulsky is late.
• The Urals.
• Favorite.
• Khabarovsk.
• Hecobarsh.
• Honobah.
• Tsarist.
• Early Chelyabinsk.
• Champion of the North.
• Black velvet.
• Shindahan.
• Alasha.
• Povolzhsky amber.

As you can see, there are so many varieties that it's hard not to choose such a fruit among such a huge list that you and your family will like.

What is useful in apricots?

Whatever the type of tree, whether it's apricot Krasnoshcheky, or Tsarskii, any of them has useful properties, because of which the fruit is becoming more popular. The structure of apricot includes such useful elements as:

• Vitamin A, B, C;
• Acid, malic, citric, tartaric, salicylic;
• Mineral salt;
• insulin;
• silver;
• iron;
• Potassium, etc.

The combination of these components very well affects the operation of the heart apparatus. It is also recommended to eat apricots for people suffering from amnesia. Apricot bone is used for cosmetic purposes.

Who should not eat apricot?

But you need to know that besides useful properties apricot tree also has contraindications. For example, you can not eat this fruit for those who are overweight or who have diabetes. With a small calorie content (about 45 Kcal per hundred grams) the fruit has a lot of sugar. Another important point is that it is not recommended to eat apricot on an empty stomach because of the large number and variety of acids. This irritates the walls of the stomach and can cause diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods of application

The options for using this fruit are quite diverse. In cooking, it is used in a dried form, in the form of jam, in a raw version. And in every kind of fruit is incomparable to taste.

In medicine, apricot is used for both prevention and treatment of diseases. For example, it is recommended to eat people with poor eyesight. Moreover, they speak of the ability of the fetus to prevent the development of cancer. Three hundred grams of fruit give a person the necessary daily amount of a very necessary element - beta-carotene. It is recommended for use by pregnant women.

Landing

The rules for planting a tree are simple, so they do not cause difficulties. For starters - a couple of words on how to grow apricot tree from a bone. You can grow both in the ground and in pots. If you plant immediately into the ground, then you need to take a ripe fruit, pull out a stone and soak it in water for a day. After that, you need to plant the bones at a distance of about ten centimeters, at a depth of six centimeters. Recommend to plant about ten bones, since not all will ascend. Make sure that the place where you plant them is protected from draft.

You can also grow seedlings in a pot. Before you start planting a seedling in the ground, you have to go through the following steps:

• Selected bones should be washed in warm water, and then soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for 24 hours;
• Those that float to the surface should be thrown away;
• Pull the stones out of the solution and soak in water for another ten days;
• Place the stones in a pot of river sand;
• Cover the pot with a film and put it in a place where the temperature will be about 3 degrees above zero;
• Keep the moisture of the sand for three months, after which you will get sprouted bones;
• Further we look after small trees up to an landing in an open ground, thus we water as necessary, having put them in a place where there is no direct hit of solar beams.

Now let's talk about landing in the ground. It is necessary to excavate a hole in the chosen place, taking into account the growth of the future crown. Lay the bottom of the pit with gravel or rubble. Then comes a layer of fertilizer mixed with the ground. Then sprinkle with clean earth, and on top we put a seedling. We pour a hole on the ground and water the new tree with water.

Crown pruning

Pruning of apricot trees is mainly carried out at the initial stage. An adult tree does not like traumatizing the branches, so the main work on the formation of the crown should be done while it is young. The main task of the owner is to ensure that all branches grow correctly, so that several main branches do not grow from one place in the trunk. If this happens, then you need to delete everything except one. The correct crown is needed for uniform growth of the tree, as well as for getting the sun rays to all branches and leaves.

Care of a tree

Apricot tree does not require special care. All you need is watering, periodically feeding and cutting the crown in time. Watering should occur in the mornings or after sunset. Feeding is recommended every three years, and better - every year. Most often, the ground is sufficiently weakened, and there are few useful components to the tree. In this case every autumn and spring you need to feed the root system of the apricot. Do not forget to also form the crown, which facilitates harvesting, and also allows the tree to develop properly. To the tree does not die from the attack of various diseases, you need to monitor its condition and respond in time to changes in the appearance of the leaves, fetus or trunk. And there are a lot of possible diseases:

• Moniliasis;
• Verticillosis;
• Клястероспориоз;
• Bacterial cancer;
• Cytosporosis;
• Curly leaves;
• scab;
• Phyllosticosis;
• Ring smallpox;
• Brown spotting.

Each of these diseases can be defeated by numerous drugs that are sold in specialized stores. You can also not wait for an attack, but conduct preventive measures, spraying trees in the spring. Also there are insects that can take care of your tree:

• Goosefish;
• Moth;
• Moth;
• aphid;
• Mol.

These pests can also be killed by treating the trees with appropriate medications.