Animals of the Urals. The Red Data Book of the Urals

This article will cover a magnificent mountainous region located on the border of Asia and Europe. Its territory extends from the southern steppes to the northern tundra. This is the Urals.

Recently, people as a result of the large scale of their economic activities have caused great damage to the nature of these places. In connection with the disappearance and reduction of many species of biological species, the Red Book of the Urals was created, animals and plants were carefully recorded. We'll talk about this below.

Geographical location of the Urals

The large Ural zone includes the Sverdlovsk, Perm, Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions, as well as Bashkiria, Udmurtia and part of the adjacent districts of the Komi Republic.

The Ural range is quite accessible and convenient for its development by the most diverse kinds of animals from different parts of the vast territory of Russia. This is due to the relatively underdeveloped mountain terrain.

Plants and animals of the Urals are quite mixed.

Nature of the Urals

The Ural territory underwent great changes under the influence of the Khoz. Human activity.

Drainage of numerous bogs, deforestation, disturbances and changes in the soil layer during mining, severe pollution of rivers - all this negatively affected the composition of the flora and fauna of the Urals.

Ural Animals: Species

Here live some animals of European species: mink, forest marten, hare, forest polecat, yellow-necked mouse, small and garden sony in the eastern part of the region. On the west - chipmunk, sable, speakers, etc. (Siberian species).

In total, 5 plots are allocated in the Urals (zoogeographical zoning).

1. The forest site is located in the Middle Urals (this is the largest part). 54 species of animals represent the fauna of this area. There are many martens, European mink, very few roe deer, columns and reindeers, no sables. There are hares, hares, field mice, common vole and choruses. The Ural animals of this site represent the majority of the forest species of the entire mountainous area.
2. The Severouralsk (forest) region is located east of the Ob River. It is also mainly represented by forest species (total 47). It is enough in these places sables, chipmunks, columns, red Siberian voles. There are few moles in these places and there are absolutely no martens of woods, minks, badgers, hedgehogs, field mice, hares, voles and even ordinary hamsters.
3. The Middle Trans-Urals extends from the eastern mountains to Tobol and Irtysh. It belongs to the medium-Ural region, in which 51 species reside. These are mostly hedgehogs, field mice, voles, forest martens, European mink and so on.
4. From the taiga forests to the southern steppes, the Pre-Urals plot (forest-steppe) is allocated, and has placed on its territories 58 species. The animals of the Urals of this site are very diverse, among which there are both forest dwellers and steppes. These are squirrels, martens, lynxes, moose, ground squirrels, marmots, steppe mice, jerboas, steppe variegates , hamsters and so on.
5. And the last site is the Transural (forest-steppe), located between Tobol and the foothills of the Urals. Here 50 species have found their place, among which are squirrels, ground squirrel, chipmunk, jerboa, Eversmann hamster, variegated, steppe mackerel, snapper and many others. Other

The Red Book of the Urals (animals and plants)

The publication of such an important book for this region of Russia in recent years has been a huge and urgent necessity.

It should be noted that the Red Book was originally published at the level of individual regions that are located within the Urals. The first appeared in the Chelyabinsk region in 2006, and in 2008 similar publications were published in the Sverdlovsk and Perm regions.

2015 is the year of publication of the Red Data Book of the Urals, which includes the latest data on rare and already endangered species of flora and fauna in the region.

Categories

Animals of the Red Data Book of the Urals are divided into 6 categories of the degree of danger of their disappearance:

• Zero, which includes animals that are almost not found in the wild nature of these places: river beaver, northern deer and tarpan;
• The first includes endangered animals: desman, saigas, maral (they live only in reserves);
• The second category - animals with a constantly decreasing number: mink and otter;
• The third category - animals living in rather limited spaces: flying squirrels, large jerboas, lemmings and hamsters;
• The fourth and fifth categories include the most numerous species of animals: steppe pikas, brown ushany, bicolored leathers, batts of Natusius, bat-dwarfs, red evening maidens, gray and Dzhungar hamsters, etc.

Not only the animals of the Urals tend to decrease and disappear, which are included in the list of the Red Book of the Urals, but also 136 species of plants. This includes 40 species of endemic plants that grow only in the Ural Mountains.

Conclusion

Everything that is created by generous nature requires a trembling and careful attitude. Responsibility and great concern for the preservation of vegetation and the animal world, wherever it is, lie entirely on man.