Activity of ticks. Mites activity season

Nature is beautiful at any time of the year. But if in winter a person threatens only to freeze, then in the spring-summer period all kinds of insects are activated. Some of the most dangerous are ticks.

The activity of ticks is high in spring and in summer. As soon as the sun begins to warm up the earth and the green foliage appears on the trees, they appear everywhere.

There are no big cities like Moscow or Peter in this respect. The period of activity of ticks in the suburbs begins in the spring, and people who go to the city massively, must know what the meeting with insects may threaten.

Caution ... tick

Dangers are not themselves ticks, but the diseases that they suffer. In the Russian Federation there are two types of mites that carry such a formidable disease as tick-borne encephalitis.

1. Taiga tick, the zone of distribution - Siberia and the Far East.
2. Dog mite, an activity zone - the European part of Russia, as well as the countries of Europe.

In addition to encephalitis, mites can carry borreliosis, a dangerous disease for humans.

You can never guess if the mite is infected. They are absolutely no different, and males can be carriers of the virus, and females, and even larvae. Infection of insects themselves occurs when they are fed from infected animals.

Of course, not all ticks are infected, and even if you are bitten by an insect, it is not necessarily you will get sick.

If you are bitten

Despite the growing activity of mites, in the warm season, an increasing number of people rush into the forest. They are attracted by fresh air, the opportunity to have fun in nature, gather berries and mushrooms.

But such walks can end with a bite. If the tick is infected, the virus immediately directly enters the human blood. Here are several possible options:

• The person was brought in on time - in this case the virus binds and the disease does not come. The body will do fine.
• The bitten person in time will receive antiviral drugs like "Interferon" - the disease also probably will not develop.
• The person did not get vaccinated, did not turn in time for medical help or has weak immunity - the disease develops rapidly.

But not everything is so terrible. Despite the activity of the clicks and the mass hikes of people in the forest, the presence of the virus does not necessarily lead to the development of the disease. But this does not mean that there is no need to take measures to protect oneself from the bites of these insidious insects.

Where do the mites live?

On the territory of the Russian Federation, ticks can be found everywhere. Where there is wood, be sure to exercise caution. In addition to the Russian Federation, these insects live in the forests of China, as well as in European countries.

Not in vain the activity of ticks in spring is the highest. After all, insects need, in addition to heat, good humidity in land areas. And, as is known, in spring the soil is most moistened after the melting of winter snows.

In addition to moisture, the necessary condition for the life and growth of mites is the presence of live animals on which they could eat.

Therefore, the most favorable for their habitats - forest edges, places where ferns grow, shores of reservoirs and deciduous forests.

The most important thing for a mite is the presence of high grass, so cases of bites in the city have recently become more frequent. For insects, it does not matter that there is no forest. If there is high grass, this is enough. And human activity is not a hindrance.

Therefore, it is necessary to cut lawns, prevent the appearance of areas with high vegetation and the accumulation of cut branches.

It is noteworthy that in coniferous forests, and there, as a rule, there are very few grasses, mites do not live. But on the forest slopes, warmed by the sun and with fresh grass, mites simply swarm.

Do not think that during a walk through the forest mites can fall on your head. The highest place an adult can get is not more than 1.5 meters. Their usual habitat is grass.

When mites are active

The season of activity of mites starts from the moment when the soil warms up to 6-7 degrees. Therefore, the first cases of bites are recorded even in April.

But the greatest number of ticks appears in May and June. During this period, one should be especially cautious and refuse to go to the forest or take all the necessary precautions.

Then comes the period when the activity of mites is decreasing, and, accordingly, the number of victims from bites. This period falls on the hot July and early August.

But then, closer to the autumn, ticks again appear. The season of activity, the so-called secondary, is at the end of August and warm September.

Whatever it was, as soon as the soil temperature falls below 5 degrees, the mites disappear, fall into a so-called hibernation until the next season.

The activity of the mites will resume again with renewed vigor the next spring, as soon as the warm spring sun begins to warm up. And so on a circle.

Than the tick bite is dangerous

Ticks are not all infected with dangerous viruses. But even if the insect is not a carrier of the disease, the bite can cause irritation or an allergic reaction. Therefore, it is clear that this is best avoided.

But nevertheless the infected ticks are especially dangerous. And it will not necessarily be tick-borne encephalitis. Scientists examined this problem and found that more than 60 types of diseases can be infected.

The danger is that a person can forget about the incident with a bite and decide that everything turned out. But the reaction may appear after two weeks.

But, in spite of all the dangers, nevertheless, the main cause of fear of mites is tick-borne encephalitis.

Insidiousness of encephalitis

For those who are not very knowledgeable in medical terms, this is an inflammation of the brain. Often leads to death.

If a person is bitten by a tick, then simply by examining it, it is impossible to understand if it is infected. When does the activity of ticks begin? Begins to open points for the reception of insects for examination.

Therefore, if you bite a tick, you should take it to the reception point, which operates in local sanitary and epidemiological stations. Only there will be able to conduct a special analysis and determine if the tick is infected.

You have three days to see a doctor and introduce an immunoglobulin. Of course, you can not say that now you definitely will not get sick. But the fact that the disease will be mild and there will not be a lethal outcome, that's for sure.

Get vaccinated

A tip for those whose lifestyle is associated with frequent stays in forests and places with dense grass: vaccinate against tick-borne encephalitis.

It is necessary to vaccinate, when the mites completely disappeared, the activity season passed and autumn came. As a rule, vaccinations can be done from November.

Vaccination can be done in the summer. In this case, calculate the time for at least 21 days to pass from the moment of vaccination to possible contact with insects.

Especially beware of the accumulation of mites during the development of antibodies.

Ways of protection. clothing

Properly selected clothing - a very effective means of protecting against bites, not only ticks, but also other, no less dangerous insects.

Choose smooth, not fluffy materials. On such clothes it is difficult for the mite to catch on. Be sure to wear a shirt with a long sleeve and tuck it into your pants.

Pants should be tucked into shoes or socks. It is desirable to have a hat.

After walking through the forest, shake out all the clothes on the bathroom and wash.

Special Tools

In addition to properly selected clothes, you should use special means from bites. They are produced in three types:

1. Repellents - can scare off insects.
2. Acaricidal means - insects perish.
3. Insecticidal-repellents - mixed action.

But before you choose something, make sure that you do not have allergic reactions to the substances entering the remedies.

Aerosols should only be handled on clothes hangers and allowed to dry. You can dress in a few minutes.

Acarecids can preserve their properties for a long time. But keep in mind that rain and wind reduce the duration of the action.

What else can I do?

In addition to the measures taken, do not forget to periodically inspect clothing while in the forest. Having come home, the skin should be carefully examined.

It happens that a mite, hitting the body, does not bite a person. And if the insect is detected in time, then the bite can be avoided.

It is noteworthy that it's not easy to notice how a tick has bitten you. This happens almost imperceptibly. The person does not feel pain and discomfort, as, for example, from a mosquito bite.

Therefore, as soon as you notice the tick, immediately remove it. The sooner this happens, the less likely the infection will be.

Correctly extract the tick

If a tick sucked to a person, it is necessary to remove it urgently. But it is necessary to do this, having at hand any antiseptic.

Do not press the insect in any way. Otherwise, it threatens the spread of tick virus in the human blood.

Of course, it is advisable to consult a doctor for competent extraction. But those who are confident in their abilities or are far from medical points should follow a certain instruction:

1. Treat the site of suction of the mite and hand with any disinfectant.
2. If you have oil on hand, then treat them with a wound. Thus, the insect is blocked by oxygen, and it will come out itself.
3. It is possible to use kerosene or a molten drop of a wax candle. These methods allow the insect to leave a cozy nest, which he justified on the human skin.
4. A good product for recovery is sold in pharmacies. These are special tweezers with which the tick is grasped and gets out of the wound by twisting.

Do not lower your head during the procedure, otherwise the mite can inject into your eyes a poisonous liquid.

If the mite head remains under the skin, be sure to remove it. Put the insect in a sealed vessel and take it to a special item for virus checking.

If you follow all the recommendations, then walks through the forest will bring only positive emotions. But still, when the mites' activity ends, make a warning vaccine, and next year you will be fully armed.