Anadyr is the capital of Chukotka

The city of Anadyr is one of the most remote cities in Russia, the capital of the Chukotka Autonomous District. The city is very small, with an area of 20 km ² and a population barely 15 thousand people. It is located in the north-east of the country and is considered a border zone.

Education of the city and hydronym

The capital of Chukotka was formed according to a special tsarist order, in which it was intended to create a city on the most northeastern edge of the empire. Officially, the foundation date of Anadyr is 1889. It was in this year that the foundation of the military post Novo-Mariinsk was laid, which later became a city. The capital of Chukotka, which is called Anadyr, received the name, mutated from "onandyr", which in translation from the local dialect means "Chukchi river". However, their local city is called Kargyryn, which means "mouth".

The modern name it received only in 1924. In 1927 the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug was formed, the administrative center of which was the city of Anadyr. In the 50s of the last century, a seaport was built on its outskirts. This enabled the city to develop economically and attract more people to live there.

Relief

Anadyr has an outlet to the Bering Sea on the right bank of the Kazachki River. This is a zone of permafrost - the boundless tundra of such a huge country as Russia. Chukotka has several rather huge mountain systems. The highest peak of the capital is the city of Camel.

Climate

The climate of the city is subarctic marine type, the monsoon winds have a great influence, which ensures the replacement of the dominant masses - oceanic or continental. All year round there are unfavorable climatic conditions: low temperatures and piercing winds. The coldest month is January. The average temperature of this season is -24 ... -22 ° С. It should be noted that the frosts are felt much more sharply, since they are constantly accompanied by winds. In summer, the temperature rarely rises above the +13 ° C mark.

Precipitation brings air masses from the Pacific Ocean. The average annual precipitation is 200-300 mm, most of which falls on the summer season. It is this feature that provides a constant nebula and cloudiness in the territory.

Administrative division

Because of its small area, the capital of Chukotka has no administrative division into districts. There are only a few streets, on which are located the same five-story houses. To somehow dilute the gloomy colors of the city, every house is painted in bright colors. This feature makes this territory very bright and extraordinary. Due to the peculiarities of climate and relief, houses - concrete, panel - are installed on piles. In the city limits is a small suburban village - Tawaiwaam, with which the area of the capital is 53 km ² .

Economy

Due to the presence of a large number of fish in the sea waters, a large fish factory operates in the city. It is one of the largest structures of the region called Chukotka. Anadyr is good because the climatic conditions of the settlement allow the use of wind energy for the energy sphere. One of the largest wind power stations in Russia is built in the city. Of minerals in the vicinity of the city, coal and gold are mined.

Population

Local residents of the city are called Anadyrs. According to statistics in 2015 in the city there were 14,326 people. In 2010-2012. There was a lack of population growth, mainly due to the emigration of local residents. The villages of Chukotka are also empty, people are eager to move to large cities.

The national composition of the capital is dominated by Russian and indigenous peoples: the Chukchi and the Eskimos. The majority of the population profess Christianity. The city is built Holy Trinity Cathedral - a large wooden temple, built on permafrost.

The population in this country is very hospitable and sympathetic, so it meets tourists well enough and gladly helps them. Every second with great pleasure will perform the role of a guide and show the most unusual and amazing places of Anadyr.

Transport sphere

Despite the fact that the capital of Chukotka is the most distant city in the country, transport is very developed here. First of all marine. Not far from the city, in the village of Ugolnoye, is Anadyr Airport of international status. The peculiarity of the city's roads is that they are concrete. It is made because of climatic conditions. In addition, public transport also functions.