Yakutsk: sights, history, reviews

Permafrost, a harsh but very hospitable land, unforgettable white nights - all this awaits you in Yakutsk, a unique and unique city that fascinates everyone who has even come here once. Magnificent parks and picturesque nature of Yakutia will not leave indifferent neither the lover of active rest, nor the person preferring quiet excursions.

City of Yakutsk: sights, history

The first mention of the city dates back to 1632. Here, the Yakut prison was built to defend the rebels. It was the first Russian military settlement on the Yakut land, to which the neighboring Siberian lands later joined. For ten years the Yakuts attacked the prison several times, but always they were defeated. At this time, new territorial units appeared, and the prison became the center of the Yakutsk district. The status of the city and its current name Yakutsk received in 1643.

Until 1900, it was part of the Siberian province, then the Irkutsk province, several times its status changed from a district town to a regional center. And only in 1922 it was officially recognized as the capital of the Yakut Republic.

This northern city is very beautiful. Sights of Yakutsk with the description can be seen in the advertising booklets of many travel companies. A long and interesting history of it is reflected in many monuments, to which the townspeople are very reverent. Let's get acquainted with some of them.

Architectural and historical museum "Friendship"

The city of Yakutsk, whose attractions are still of interest to scientists and researchers, will interest ordinary tourists.

The Druzhba Museum is on the right bank of the majestic Lena River, where Russian explorers founded the Lena Jail, which laid the foundation for the city. Today it is a major tourist and cultural center of Yakutsk.

The museum was opened in the early 1990s. Its leader was the famous People's Yakut writer - Suorun Omollyon.

To all visitors of the museum, qualified employees offer to familiarize themselves with the history of the reunification of Yakutia and Russia, to assess the progressive influence of Russian culture on the culture of the indigenous inhabitants of the republic.

Expositions of the museum

In the museum you can get acquainted with the culture of Evenks, Chukchi, Yukaghirs and Dolgan. The tourists are especially interested in the exposition of national clothes of the peoples of the north of the XIX-XX centuries, koumiss wooden utensils, women's jewelry, ancient funeral constructions.

The unique objects of the museum-preserve include the Yakut cemetery, on which wooden monuments are reconstructed in chronological order, which reflect the process of Christianization of the Yakuts.

Mammoth Museum

Attractions in Yakutsk are so unique that many of them are the only ones in the world. An example is the unique Mammoth Museum. In the world there are no institutions that specialize and study paleontological artifacts.

It was founded in 1991 as a scientific and cultural center that studies mammoths and their life in the glacial period. The initiator of the creation of such a museum was the first mamontologist from Yakutia Peter Alekseevich Lazarev.

In the depths of Yakutia during excavations, archaeologists have discovered amazing finds - mammoths, cave lions, bison, woolly rhinoceroses, musk oxen and other long-disappeared animals. Before the opening of the museum, such invaluable findings were sent to the central institutes of major cities of the country. The appearance of the Museum of the mammoth allowed to conduct all studies and leave them in Yakutsk.

In July 1998 the museum became part of the Institute of Applied Ecology of the North. And in 2011 it became a division of the North-Eastern Federal University.

At numerous stands, among many interesting finds, you can see the mammoth Dima (though it's just a copy), which was discovered in 1977 in the upper Kolyma. Today he is in the northern capital. In a fairly short period of time, the museum has a large collection of more than 1,450 exhibits.

Laboratory of the Institute of Frozenness

Many tourists who come to Yakutsk, the sights begin to learn from this underground laboratory. It belongs to the Institute of Permafrost. Today it is one of the most popular objects of the city.

This laboratory was founded in 1961 for a comprehensive study of permafrost. To conduct experiments in an underground laboratory, negative temperatures were required. Therefore, the lower gallery was laid at the level of zero amplitudes of soil temperature, directly under the building of the Institute of Permafrost. In the lower gallery all year round the temperature is unchanged: -5 ...- 4 ° С, humidity - from 70% to 100%.

The city of Yakutsk, whose attractions amaze even experienced travelers, became famous throughout the world for a number of fundamental works related to the study of the mechanical characteristics of ice, creep of soils in permafrost conditions. Today, the results of these studies are successfully used for the design and construction of various structures, industrial and residential buildings, roads, oil pipelines.

Zoo "Orto-Doydu"

Many tourists who come to Yakutsk, the sights expect to see anything, but the existence of the zoo "Orto-Doydu" for many is unexpected. It is a state institution of the Republic of Sakha. The park is located on the banks of the Lena River, in a picturesque place - Erkenani Valley.

The name of the park in translation from the Yakut language means "middle world". The fact is that in the Yakut mythology three worlds are distinguished - upper, middle and lower. In the lower world, there are abas (devils), on average - people and animals, and the highest is assigned to the gods. So the zoo in Yakutsk symbolizes the middle world.

The park "Orto-Dojdu" was opened in 2001. It is the only zoo in the world working in the extreme conditions of the northern climate. Its peculiarity is also in the fact that he can take any wild animals and help them.

Currently, the zoo is represented by about 170 species of animals that live in different geographical areas. Here positive results were obtained in the breeding of the trot of the East Siberian, polar wolf and Arctic fox. In addition, there are exotic species of animals and birds for these places - the Amur tiger, muskox, golden eagle, asiatic, spotted deer, beaver, white-tailed eagle, small swan, etc.

Yakutsk city, places of interest -: reviews of tourists

A huge impression on tourists this northern city. A magnificent northern nature, a harsh climate strikes Yakutsk. Attractions of this city cause delight. Many warm words deserve the workers of museums, which conduct very interesting excursions.