Wrong bite in a child: photo, causes, treatment

An irregular bite occurs in every second person in the world. Statistics lead to huge numbers, but everything is actually not so sad. Anomalies of bite development can be of varying complexity. The main thing is to quickly determine the pathology and begin treatment. Many parents often do not even notice that the child has a wrong bite. What if there are fears of its appearance? What causes it, and what symptoms can tell about it?

How to distinguish the right bite from the wrong one?

You can determine the anomaly of the bite yourself, but the main thing is to know how to properly close the teeth. If the upper dentition slightly covers the lower one, there is no space between the incisors, the teeth come into contact tightly with each other, then the bite is correct.

But how to determine the wrong bite in a child? Do all other abnormalities need to be treated urgently? But it's not like that. The correct bite can be divided into several types, which allow very minor anomalies: an easy extension of the lower or upper jaw. The main thing - the functioning of the jaw must be harmonious, without damage to the body.

Bite with anomalies does not allow to perform certain functions in due measure. In this case, the child may have difficulties: with speech, chewing and swallowing, breathing and digestion.

There are several types of defects, but you should not make a diagnosis yourself. The fact that the incorrect bite in the child (photos will be presented in the article), can only be subject to specialist.

If there are any doubts and fears, then in this case it is worth to consult a doctor for advice.

Varieties of malocclusion

To date, doctors share bite anomalies in several ways:

1. Distal. Very often it is also called prognathic. This type is characterized by excessive development of the maxillary bone, due to which it is slightly forward. This species can be formed due to lost teeth or prosthesis.
2. Mesial. Another name is the reverse one. This anomaly is characterized by insufficient development of the lower jaw. This pathology leads to the fact that the incisors on the lower jaw cover those that are located on the upper, with some inconvenience during speech and food intake.
3. Open. If most of the teeth do not close, then this is an open appearance of the anomaly. He is considered one of the most difficult, for his treatment takes a lot of time.
4. Deep abnormality in the child. Very often doctors call this type of traumatic, and all because of the fact that it leads to a rapid erasure of the enamel on the teeth. Determine it yourself will not be difficult, because the upper row of teeth during rest completely covers the bottom.
5. Cross. This species appears in people with an incompletely formed upper or lower jaw from one side of the mouth. This type of anomaly requires several methods of therapy: braces and other devices of orthodontists.
6. Reducing. This species develops in people after an early loss of teeth or their destruction.

Not all of the above species can be clearly distinguished. Only the doctor will be able to diagnose and determine the causes of malocclusion in children and adults.

What causes can cause an incorrect bite?

There are several main reasons that can cause malocclusion.

1. Artificial feeding. Breastfeeding is as natural as possible, all babies are born with a slightly shortened lower jaw. When the baby feeds on breast milk, it takes a lot of energy to get it, while the jaw develops better and a proper bite is formed. But not all mothers have the opportunity to feed their child with breast milk, so nothing remains, like artificial feeding. But this kind of feeding should be correct: 200 ml of the mixture the child should drink in 15 minutes and at the same time he should also extract it with special diligence. Only in this case will the jaw develop properly.
2. Long breastfeeding. Parents should remember that the first half years of life, breastfeeding should not cause any special concerns, but you need to keep an eye on the bite being formed correctly. Sucking with effort for a long time can cause bite abnormalities.
3. Incomplete development of the jaws. Inadequate development of the jaw can cause an improper diet. From one and a half years in the diet, solid foods must be present, so that the baby learns to chew properly, otherwise the child may have an incorrect bite.
4. Heredity. It is very difficult to combat the predisposition to malformation of the bite due to heredity. In this case, you need to constantly monitor the baby:
   - how he sleeps, if his mouth is open during sleep;
   - whether his head is not thrown back during sleep;
   - Do not put palms under your cheeks;
   - The pillow should be flat.
5. A dummy. Too frequent use of a nipple or a long one can lead to an abnormal development of the bite. It is best if the baby sucks it only 20 minutes after eating or to fall asleep more quickly.
6. Frequent colds and nasal congestion. Necessarily at zalozhennosti a nose it is necessary to do the utmost to remove it or him. If, on the other hand, everything is left in its own right, the child who can not breathe through the nose goes into oral breathing, at this time the facial muscles work incorrectly, the skull bones are deformed and as a result, an incorrect bite in the child a year or a little later.

If you do not take any measures and do not follow the development of the baby's jaw, the consequences of an abnormal bite may be much more serious.

What can the pathology of bite

Incorrect bite in a child (the photo below indicates this) can lead not only to an aesthetic change, but also to such consequences:

• The facial features can change dramatically.
• Problems with chewing food begin.
• There will be constant headaches.
• Teeth will be uneven.
• Digestive disorders.
• Early tooth loss.
• Corruption of teeth.

To prevent such serious consequences, it is necessary to begin urgent treatment. How to correct an incorrect bite in children? When parents need to sound an alarm and at what time is it better to start therapy?

When should parents worry about a child's wrong bite?

Parents should watch the development of the baby's jaw from birth, observe how the first teeth erupt, whether they grow right. Anomalies of the occlusion will be noticeable visually if one looks closely: the teeth do not grow as it should be, some will be twisted or the jaw can just step forward a little. In this case, parents should not delay the trip to a specialist.

Also, the wrong pronunciation of sounds by the child can become a signal or the baby can suck a finger for a long time. The annual consultation of the dentist will not hurt and will allow to control the process of bite development.

But when is it better to start treatment if an anomaly is detected? At what age will the therapy produce good results?

When is it better to treat an incorrect bite in a child?

Answer exactly to the question of when to start therapy of abnormal occlusion, it is impossible. The opinions of the doctors vary greatly: some believe that the treatment will give a good result only if it is started as late as possible, and there are specialists who believe that the treatment should begin as early as possible. But many doctors agree that if there is an incorrect bite in a child, 5 years is the best time to start therapy.

It is at this age that one can correctly direct the growth of not only the teeth, but also the jaws. There is an opportunity to change the width of the sky, the shape of the jaw bones and much more. At an older age, you can fix the shape of the teeth, but you can not put the jaw correctly correctly, the bones coarsen.

Symptomatology of abnormal occlusion

An incorrect bite can manifest itself with such symptomatology:

• Teeth protrude slightly forward or backward.
• When the teeth are closed, you can notice an incorrect jaw setting.
• Teeth strongly curved.
• There are gaps between the teeth.
• Rows of teeth are uneven.

The final diagnosis can only be made by the orthodontist, if visual examination is not enough, he can prescribe an x-ray of the jaw or make a mold of the teeth in order to determine exactly which type of anomaly. But is it possible to correct a wrong bite in a child? Lower jaw forward - is it treated?

Methods of bite correction

Today, orthodontists use five basic methods of correcting an incorrect bite in children. Each of them gives excellent results of therapy:

1. Myoterapia is a special set of exercises. It gives good results only during a temporary bite. The whole complex is aimed at restoring the normal tone of all the muscles of the oral cavity. In turn, this leads to optimal growth of the jaw, and in the future - to the correct eruption of the teeth.
2. Use of orthodontic devices. To correct an incorrect bite in a child, 2 years old, if or more, can be done with the help of special devices. They help to force the teeth to move until they are in the right position. If the age of the baby is less than 6 years, then use plates, trainers or mouthguards. But if the child is more than 10 years old, then all these devices will not help.
3. Complex treatment. This method of therapy combined the apparatuses and manipulations of surgeons. He is allowed to apply at the age of 6 years.
4. Operative intervention.
5. Orthopedic correction of occlusion.

Varieties of structures for correcting bite in children

To correct an incorrect bite in the child it is possible by means of special devices. Each of them gives its results in therapy, and which one will suit one or another baby, the doctor chooses.

1. Plates. These are removable structures that are often used to correct bite. The doctor places the plate in the mouth of the child, using special springs, loops and arcs from the wire. With the help of such a device you can expand the jaw, move your teeth, prevent their twisting and rid the baby of bad habits. If there is an incorrect bite in the child, 1 year, and sometimes more is required to cope with the pathology.
2. Orthodontic trainers. The difference between these devices and braces is that they can be used to correct bite, even in young children. The effect of treatment with these devices is faster and more comfortable for the child. Trainers are made of silicone, and they need to be worn about an hour in the daytime and at night, during sleep.
3. Kappa. With their help, you can quickly correct the incorrect bite in children. The treatment is very convenient, since the device can be removed at any time, the child does not feel any discomfort and while it is almost imperceptible on the teeth.
4. Braces. This is a non-removable design, it is not removed during the entire treatment. It consists of arcs, which are fastened with locks, and those are already glued to the teeth. Each of the locks is responsible for the position of a particular tooth. Due to the tension of the arches the dentition is leveled. These devices are most often used to treat all types of bite abnormalities. There are several types of braces: metal, plastic, sapphire and lingual. Which is better to choose in a particular case, the doctor decides.

Therapy and care methods

Parents of a child with anomalies of bite need to know that treatment can bring its unpleasant moments. At the beginning of therapy the baby can experience pain, irritation, rubbing gums and cheeks. But after a couple of weeks, all the symptoms must pass. Do not go on about the child, when he whines that it is uncomfortable, the effect of treatment will be better if you follow all the doctor's recommendations.

After the corrective device is installed in the child's mouth, it must be carefully taken care of. To do this, recommend a special toothpaste and dental floss.

Devices that are removed need to be cleaned well. It is also necessary to visit the doctor regularly to make adjustments and correct the design.

But in order to prevent the bite of the bite, you can take preventive measures.

Prevention

As soon as a child's teeth erupt, you need to visit the doctor regularly. At this age, preventive measures can be taken and the child protected from an incorrect bite:

• Use of myoterapy.
• You can prevent abnormalities in the bite at an early age by grinding the cutting edges and knolls.
• Oral cavity massage can also help, but how to properly do it, the specialist should show.

Everyone knows that the disease is easier to prevent than to treat later, therefore, in order to prevent a malocclusion in the child, you need to visit orthodontics at least once a year, and if you notice changes between visits, then earlier.