Words with the roots "lag" - "lies": examples and rules of writing

The study of the Russian language is one of the main points of the school curriculum. Almost all eleven years the students are working on improving their oral and written speech. Nevertheless, this always presents difficulties for several reasons. Firstly, it is quite difficult to learn your native language. The subconscious dictates such a thing: "If the language is native, then by default, I always say the right thing." Which is sometimes not so. The second reason may be unwillingness and outright laziness of the trainee. In any case, the most common mistakes are incorrect accentuation, unacceptable use of words, and in written speech various grammatical, punctuation and stylistic errors.

In this article, we will analyze the most common errors associated with the use of word forms, which mostly depend on the root. We will do this by examining the basics with alternating -lag-, -loz-. Examples of errors in words with such roots are encountered daily.

What is the root

The word consists of the so-called morphemes - parts of the word. This includes the prefix, root, suffix, ending and postfix. The root is an obligatory morpheme. A word can contain neither a prefix nor a suffix and have a zero ending (in fact, it does not exist), as, for example, the word "mother". There are two types of roots: permanent and alternating. In the first case, the form of the root remains unchanged when the words are coded by case. In the second case, when the word's form is changed, the morpheme itself is modified. This is because words have a common meaning, but the use itself differs according to grammatical rules. A vivid example will be the words with the root -lag-, -loz-. We use them every day in our conversational and written speech.

Why do the roots change?

As already mentioned above, the roots in words can change when the word is cited by case. Why is this happening? For example, the alternation of roots -lag-, -leg- is explained by the rules of the Russian language. If we try to more accurately analyze the reason for the modification of the main morpheme, then it is not difficult to know that the reason lies in the wide variety of single-root words. In other words, in Russian speech there are too many words having different forms, but similar in meaning meaning. As an example, consider the words in -lag-, -loz-. In the most common form, these morphemes are used in the word "put" or similar. The word denotes the union of any objects in one place or in one whole.

It is the one-root word "compose". When he is pronouncing, the first thing on his mind is the composition of any works. For example, "build legends." Nevertheless, with seemingly initially different differences, the words are really similar in meaning. Both designate the combination of objects (in the first case, something tangible, in the second case - the addition of letters to syllables, and so on). In general, for roots, the -loss, -lag, the rule is uniquely defined, but about it a little later.

Roots with alternation

At school in the lessons of the Russian language in the section of word formation, this section, such as roots with alternation , is studied in some detail . The reason for this is that schoolchildren make a lot of mistakes when using them. Among the most recognizable roots, you can call -rost-, -strast, -gor-, -gar-, and also the roots -lag-, -leg-. Examples can be given indefinitely, because there will always be words, one of the forms of which will be with a modified root.

It would seem that if you know how words are pronounced, then there are no problems with writing these morphemes. Unfortunately, it is not. In some cases it is necessary to refer to directories in which there is material on the use of roots.

rules

As in the whole school curriculum, there are rules in Russian. They are in all sections, beginning with spelling and ending with punctuation. Morphemica was no exception. Since in the article we are considering exactly the roots -lag-, -loz-, the rule will be formulated precisely for them. For most other alternating pairs there is a large amount of information in the additional literature. It is important to note that the Russian language is one of those few subjects where the formulation of rules is not required to memorize. The most important thing is to understand the meaning and be able to apply knowledge in practice. Nevertheless, the rules are formulated for all situations, except for obvious ones.

The rule for -lag-,

In Russian, the spelling -lag-, -long-is determined by a single-valued rule. His formulation is as follows: if the vowel sound is unstressed before the letter "g", then "a" is written. In the event that the letter "x" is worth, you should write "o". The rule is quite simple and easy to remember, if only because words and roots with alternation are heard on the ear. Examples are also obvious: attach, lay, attach, compose, and so on.

The rule, like everything in life, has an exception, but we'll talk about it a little later. So, you should firmly remember this rule to be sure of using the word.

Features of root use

You probably already noticed that all the examples given were used with prefixes. This is the main feature. Words with the root -lag-, -thus- without a prefix morpheme are not used. Some people forget about this feature, resulting in unacceptable words. The only exception is the word "go to bed." In all other cases, in words with -sol-, -lag- the rule says that it is necessary to use prefixes. This feature should be paid special attention, since it is often forgotten by many people. The use of these roots with alternation without attachments is the most common error in oral speech. It seems that everyone has heard at least once the words "lie down" and so on. This use is unacceptable. To denote this action, you should use the substitute word "put" and its word forms.

Exceptions of the root with alternation

We have already discussed how the rule is formulated for -lag-, -leg-. Examples were given, however, it was said about the exception. There is one such word - it's a "canopy". Here, as we see, before the letter "g" is "o". It should be noted that under the stress the letter is not in the root, and there is a prefix. That is, all the conditions are met, except for the main thing - the use of the letter in accordance with the rule.

What is a "canopy"? In explanatory dictionaries, meaning is given meaning: a curtain that blocks the bed. Nowadays such a piece of interior can be found only in the villages, from which it can be concluded that the word was used even in antiquity, when such rules of writing were not yet derived.

Basic errors with root use

As stated above, not only pupils, but also many residents of our country, are struggling with the task of correct pronunciation and observance of elementary grammar rules. Words are distorted, their style is violated, any rules of pronunciation are not taken into account. So, our roots -lag-, -latest - are most "afraid" of consumption without attachments. Unfortunately, this rule is neglected by many. Quite often you can hear such "word forms" as "lie down", "lie down" and so on. Among other things, the emphasis in these "words" is also placed incorrectly - on the vowel of the root. It should be remembered that it is inadmissible to use them in any way. If there is a desire to put something, then it can also be "put", that is, use a synonym, the use of which is permissible. Another of such incidents is the word "plant".

Despite the fact that it is officially acceptable, for him there is a more correct form - "plant". The first species was used quite often before, perhaps, that is why there was still room for us in our speech.

How to avoid mistakes

Many people ask how to speak correctly. The answer is quite simple: you need to read as many books as possible. The visual memory of a person is arranged in such a way that he grasps unknown things and "saves" them first in the operational, and then in the long-term memory. In other words, after reading the book with some new words, they will gradually "settle" in memory. The fastening will happen automatically, since the psychology of man is built mostly on imitation. Subconsciously the brain will "wedge" new words into your speech, thanks to which words will gradually enter into the lexicon and will remain there forever. When it comes to writing, the visual mechanism of memorizing will work - the word will be written by itself. In oral speech, in order to prevent similar blunders, which were described above, the advice is similar. Another, though controversial, advice will be the correction of others. Surely there are people around you who use these or those words incorrectly. Correcting them, you will not only remind yourself of the correct pronunciation, but also help others.

Conclusion

In the article, the rules of using the roots -lag-, -loz-, examples of words in which they are contained, were considered. It should also be said that the Russian language is the most complex in the whole world. In no other linguistic education is there such a complex system of communication of words with respect to cases, numbers, genera. That is why it is impossible to know everything to the smallest detail. This is not required. Respecting a person, among other things, distinguishes the ability to competently and coherently speak. In order to learn this, do not necessarily sit for days behind the dictionaries and textbooks - this approach will not yield positive results. It is enough to read books regularly and to communicate in such a language that will help to keep oneself in shape. If there is a desire to learn to speak in a literary language, one can attend linguistic courses - this will be a very good practice in improving the language.