What is law enforcement? General characteristics of law enforcement bodies

The law enforcement system is very complex and multifaceted. Its goal is to ensure the security and preservation of the rights of all subjects of the Russian Federation. Every citizen should know what law enforcement bodies are, how they function, and on what principles their activities are based.

Terminology

Let's look at several definitions:

1. Law enforcement agencies are called bodies that carry out the necessary activities, having the appropriate competence, as well as the material resources necessary for this. More details about the tasks of each of them we will talk further.
2. Law enforcement refers to activities carried out by the above mentioned bodies, which are authorized by a number of rights to protect and protect the community through the use of legal measures of influence.

Classification

What are law enforcement agencies? And what kind of activities do they do? To understand this, the following list will help you:

1. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. He is engaged in monitoring the compliance of legal processes in the state with the country's main law.
2. Courts of general jurisdiction. They carry out justice on the territory of the country in accordance with the current legislation.
3. Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. Is engaged in organizational support of the courts.
4. The Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. She oversees supervision, as well as the identification and investigation of crimes.
5. The bodies of internal affairs. They are engaged in the identification and investigation of crimes.
6. Advocacy. Provides legal assistance, as well as protection in criminal cases.
7. Ministry of the Interior. He is engaged in direct law enforcement in the country.

Functions

We have already figured out what law enforcement agencies are. Now let's look at their functions. They are:

1. Protect the state and social system.
2. Strengthen law and order.
3. To protect the rights and freedoms of a citizen and a person.
4. Fight crime.
5. Protection of legal rights, interests and monitoring of the performance of their duties.

Here are the main functions of law enforcement agencies.

The main subjects of the system

We know what law enforcement agencies are, and what functions they perform. But they can not all have the same importance. Let's look at the main actors of the action that the system of law enforcement agencies in the Russian Federation has:

1. The prosecutor's office.
2. Ministry of Internal Affairs.
3. Ministry of Justice.

The Prosecutor's Office

It is a single centralized system of federal bodies that oversee the enforcement of laws in an exact and uniform manner. There are prosecutors of the subjects of the Russian Federation, military and specialized, as well as territorial. All this is managed by the RF GP. The following are the main activities:

1. Supervision of the implementation of laws.
2. Criminal prosecution, which is carried out in accordance with the law.
3. Supervision of observance of freedoms and rights of a citizen and a person.
4. Coordination of the work of law enforcement agencies, which deal with the fight against crime.
5. Prosecutors participate during the consideration by courts of various civil, administrative and criminal cases as public prosecutors.
6. They are engaged in challenging decisions, judgments, rulings and rulings of the court that are contrary to the law.
7. Investigate crimes that are prescribed by law.

These state law enforcement agencies could see in the activities of anyone who was at least one meeting of the court.

Ministry of Internal Affairs

It is a federal executive body. It ensures the protection of freedoms and rights of a citizen and a person. Also, the Ministry of Internal Affairs is engaged in the protection of order and ensuring public safety. It manages criminal, economic and social crimes. The Ministry of Internal Affairs performs such tasks of law enforcement bodies:

1. Develops and takes measures aimed at protecting the freedoms and rights of people (within their competence).
2. A whole system of law enforcement agencies works to prevent and suppress crimes and administrative violations. And if this is not possible, then they are engaged in identifying, uncovering and investigating them.
3. It monitors migration flows.
4. Ensures the execution of criminal penalties.
5. He is engaged in leadership of internal troops.
6. Develops and strengthens its own material and technical base.
7. It is engaged in the preparation and improvement of the legal framework for its activities.

As you can see, the functions of law enforcement agencies are very versatile.

Ministry of Justice

This is the name of the federal executive body, which deals with the sphere of legal relations. He also coordinates the activities of other branches of the executive branch so that it meets the law. The Ministry of Justice carries out the following tasks of law enforcement bodies:

1. Legal support of norm-setting activities.
2. Creation of conditions for the functioning of ships.
3. State registration of all normative acts issued by central bodies of the federal executive power.
4. Development of the system of providing legal services.
5. Improvement of professional skill of the personnel of organizations and institutions of justice.
6. Implementation of international legal activities in the field of protecting the rights and interests of citizens.
7. Ensuring the organization of the penal system.

Judicial branch

It exists independently of the executive and legislative. At the moment, there is such a system of law enforcement agencies:

1. Constitutional Court. It is an organ of control that independently exercises its authority.
2. Court of General Jurisdiction. Carries out civil, administrative, criminal and other types of productions.
3. Arbitration court. He deals with economic disputes. In this type of court, only those citizens who are entrepreneurs can act as parties.

Problems of law enforcement bodies

The most important is the existence of alienation between the people and the government. If there is a well-established interaction, then it is possible to obtain sustainable development (even with internal problems and external conflicts). Therefore, a self-developing system is built that involves citizens to solve a wide range of issues, ranging from local government to the state level. At this time there are such directions:

1. Elections.
2. Activity of public structures (among which public chambers are the most significant).
3. Initiatives of citizens.

The activities of law enforcement agencies have certain problems. If you read the reviews of people, you can often find fault with the low internal organization and the slow response. For the sake of justice, it should be noted that representatives of structures who are ready even to sacrifice their lives or simply treat all possible attention to the problem are also not uncommon.

There are significant problems with the system of ships. Thus, in the Russian Federation, one of the lowest percentages of acquittals in the world. Therefore, an amnesty instrument is widely used to release people who are held behind bars for minor offenses or have facilitating circumstances. The second side of the coin is that thanks to such a system, criminals often go to freedom, whose place is in prison.

Conclusion

Of course, the security system of our state is not universal, and the rights of law enforcement bodies are constantly being the object of public discussions. But gradually during the evolutionary development any organization is improved (if it wants to exist). We need to show our civil position in order to contribute to the improvement of law enforcement bodies. You can do this by telling the appropriate authorities about the improper operation of certain structures. Then you will not only know what law enforcement bodies are, but you can also influence the quality of their functioning.