What does it mean to "freeze" the funded part of a pension? Pension payments

Recently, the question of what it means to "freeze" the accumulative part of a pension has become topical. Within the framework of the article, the answer will be analyzed, and a forecast will be given about what to expect in the near future.

general information

In the Russian Federation, the pension system is based on two main components: the insurance and funded parts. The first one was inherited from the times of the Soviet Union. The second component was put into operation since 2002, when the pension reform was launched. What was the reason for this strategy?

In the Soviet Union there was a relatively low life expectancy (compared with the modern). At the same time, there were quite a few children in the families, because of this the number of working generation exceeded the number of pensioners. With the current trends, this no longer has the effect of the past. Therefore, it was decided to do the following: working citizens pay contributions to the pension fund. All the money goes to retirees.

Given that the aging process continues and the number of employees is decreasing, there are not enough funds to make payments. Partly this problem was solved thanks to budget transfers, but in the conditions of falling yield of export items, money is not enough.

What was decided to do?

The meaning of the pension reform was to gradually move to a funded system. In such cases, old-age payments will depend not on the state, but on the employee. And who put the accumulative part of the pension? To someone who has a desire to design it and was born after 1967. But as soon as the accumulative part of the retirement pension (both already held and future) became a solid amount, the government succumbed to the temptation to use these funds to solve existing problems.

And now we come to the part that most people interest. We will now understand what it means to "freeze" the funded part of the pension. For the first time this was announced in 2013. Then the growth of the economy of the Russian Federation began to slow down. The ruble went into the stage of devaluation. The decision that it is necessary to transfer the funded part of the pension to the state authority helped the government find in 2014 an additional 243 billion rubles, even at that price.

Continuation of the use of such a mechanism

In autumn of 2014, they decided to extend the moratorium on the freezing of pension savings for 2015. This maneuver allowed to receive 307.4 billion rubles. Thus, it was the beginning of the withdrawal, in the truest sense of the word, of money that was postponed for the future. Why such a formulation, we will now understand.

The accumulative part of the pension in the APF and in the GPF goes to cover the current expenses due to payments in the future. Of course, on paper compensation is provided for this, but how it will be implemented is a big question. One can quote the words of Nikolai Platoshkin, a professor at the Moscow Humanitarian University, that the pension reform has failed. Something similar could be observed earlier, when the responsibility for the future of people was literally shifted to them the most.

Why did it happen so?

So, now we know what it means to "freeze" the funded part of the pension. Let's consider the reasons for this situation. If you quote the words of the same Platoshkin, he believes that the root of this situation lies in the following:

1. Employers did not pay extra money to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.
2. The state, instead of toughening the requirements for business responsibility for the information of the planned and real budget, decided to confiscate the accumulation of people.

Moreover, Platoshkin believes that raising the retirement age is only a matter of time. After all, problems remain unresolved, while the country constantly meets new challenges.

Is everything so bad?

Let's look at everything critically. At one time, Deputy Prime Minister Olga Golodets said that due to the introduction of a moratorium on the formation of savings, none of the citizens of Russia will not suffer. All funds that are now taken away by the state are credited to people's accounts, on the basis of them, pension capital will be formed. The only difference is that this will be done through the insurance system. She is echoed by the head of the FIU. But here a few facts are alarming:

1. Originally, the freezing was planned only for 2014.
2. In reality, it is now extended until 2019.
3. The accumulative pension is, in fact, investment capital. And its withdrawal is not conducive to accelerating the growth of the economy.

This, however, could be understood and familiarized with the scenarios of the macroeconomic forecast provided by the Ministry of Economic Development.

What is better: specifics and features

The insurance part grows exclusively due to indexation, which is carried out by the government. Cumulative is increased by investment income. To say exactly which option will make it possible to receive more profit after 30-40 years is now problematic. But the accumulative part has serious advantages.

To begin with, it should be noted that it can be inherited. In addition, a lump sum can be requested from the funded part of the pension. True, there must be good reasons for this. A lump sum payment from the funded portion of a pension can be issued at the death of the person for whom it was collected, or in the event of a serious illness. But for this it will be necessary to run with the papers, it is not excluded, as in the courts. Also, if you have two support points, this reduces the likelihood of a negative situation, and when it appears, you can minimize losses.

Conclusion

So we figured out what it means to "freeze" the funded part of the pension. Finally I want to give a little advice. Do not concentrate solely on an organization such as a pension fund. The accumulative part of the pension is, in fact, a very specific investment portfolio. It is possible to direct this money to the concentration of a separate package of securities that is not controlled (in this sense of the word). And you can do the same in another way - to invest all free money in children. After all, properly educated children - this is also a kind of investment, which is also more reliable state support will be.

It should also be borne in mind that now (for the time being) various programs such as maternity capital operate. And while there is an opportunity - it must be used. After all, no one can take care of us better than ourselves. It is necessary to remember about this truly golden rule. And the pension that is awarded by the state ... Well, if it is, then it can be considered a good addition to the old age, which will make the last years on this earth more or less pleasant.