What are the blood counts?

To make the correct diagnosis, it is often necessary to conduct tests. The most informative of them is a general blood test. Its indicators allow to determine the presence of inflammation, anemia, decrease in the function of organs and make it possible to identify many diseases at their initial stage. After all, blood is the basic environment of the human body, and it is it that carries nutrients to the organs and removes the products of metabolism.

Usually, when a patient is initially treated for medical care , a general blood test. Normal indicators of such an analysis indicate the proper functioning of all organs. To make the results more accurate, it is desirable to do the analysis in the morning, because after the meal the blood composition changes.

What are the most important blood counts?

1. Hemoglobin.

It is hemoglobin that determines the red color of the blood. It is important because it transfers oxygen to the tissues of the body. Normally, the hemoglobin content should be at least 120 grams per liter in women and 130 in men. Hemoglobin consists of protein and iron, which binds oxygen. With a lack of iron and blood loss, anemia develops - a low level of hemoglobin. The lack of hemoglobin affects most of all Functioning of the brain. But the high content of this substance also indicates the presence of violations in the body. Most often it comes from dehydration, heart and lung diseases.

2. Other important indicators of the blood test are the amount and rate of erythrocyte sedimentation. They are the carriers of hemoglobin, although its content in these cells may vary. Increasing and lowering their level suggests the same diseases as hemoglobin. Sometimes the number of red blood cells can decrease after eating or at night. But it is much more serious to raise their level. This can be a sign of oxygen starvation, lung diseases and cancer. Normally, the number of red blood cells should be 4-5 * 10 at 12 degrees per liter in men and slightly less in women. But much more important for determining the processes occurring in the body, the value of ESR - the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation. It can increase with many diseases, most often with inflammation, as well as with cancer, anemia, heart attack or blood diseases. ESR should be in a healthy man 1-10 millimeters per hour, and a woman from 2 to 15. Decrease speed can with liver disease, thickening of blood, starvation and a vegetarian diet.

3. In the diagnosis also take into account such indicators of blood analysis as the state White blood cells. These cells react to infections, inflammations and provide immune protection. There are several varieties of these, and they react differently to diseases. Therefore, the analysis should take into account the state of all these cells: granulocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. The content of these cells is calculated by a special leukocyte formula. The total number of leukocytes should be from 4 to 9 * 10 in the 9th degree. An increase in the number of leukocytes can talk about infectious diseases, suppuration, inflammation, renal insufficiency or a heart attack. Its decrease is observed after taking certain medicines, with tuberculosis, malaria, influenza, hepatitis and oncological diseases.

Another type of blood cells responsible for its coagulation is the platelets. An increase or decrease in their number may also indicate severe illness. But their number is paid attention when it is very different from the norm. Therefore, these blood test parameters are not so important.