Warm up speech for children: description, techniques and reviews. Speech warm-up in English classes

Modern education systems are based on communication, that is, they are communicative in nature. The teacher has an important task - to teach children how to use their native language correctly, to impart a desire to regularly improve and enrich it, to competently and fully express their thoughts, to prepare for effective speech communication and information exchange. For these purposes, the speech warm-up works best, which helps to develop skills of pronunciation, expressive reading, and also prepares for creative activity. Such classes received a lot of positive feedback, both among professional teachers and among parents of schoolchildren.

Goals and objectives

Speech warm-up (speech charging) is a set of short dynamic exercises. This is an important aspect of the education of preschoolers and children of primary school age who have not yet reached a high level of oral communication and skills of fluent reading. Also, a speech warm-up for children is held at the beginning of the reading lesson to improve the articulation of sounds and the training of clear speech. Regular exercise of such exercises contributes to the rapid elimination of defects in pronunciation of sounds that cause difficulties for children, which is confirmed by reviews of speech therapists. The concept of a speech warm-up can vary depending on what the teacher's goal is in performing a particular set of exercises. It is advisable to distinguish speech workouts for the development of articulation skills, as well as to improve communication skills.

Guidelines

When preparing the warm-up, the following recommendations should be adhered to:

• It is necessary to carefully select the material for the classes, based on an assessment of the psychological and pedagogical situation in the classroom.
• Exercises should promote the development of the horizons of children and replenish their active vocabulary.
• You should perform the exercises regularly, for a few minutes at the beginning of the session.
• Gradually move from simple to complex.
• To give children the opportunity to express themselves creatively, to show curiosity.

Speech Breathing

An important preparatory stage for performing a speech warm-up is the development of the skill to correctly inhale and exhale, to hold your breath. A well-known pedagogue, a methodologist in the Russian language, MR Lvov, put breathing techniques at the forefront. Technique for performing breathing exercises:

• Breathe in the nose;
• Do not lift your shoulders;
• Inhale briefly, exhale smoothly;
• Do not cheat your cheeks;
• Do breaks between exercises to avoid dizziness.

Breathing exercises are performed without a voice or with a voice. Exercises without a voice can be performed in a game form using improvised materials. For example, in the exercise "Football" students should blow out a ball of paper into the gate, in exercise "Butterfly" - make a paper butterfly suspended on a string flutter. Sometimes it will be enough to simply connect the fantasy - gently blow on an imaginary dandelion or blow out the candles on an invisible birthday cake, without blowing your cheeks.

Speech warm-up for developing articulation skills

Warm up speech of this type is traditionally held in several stages:

1. Exercises for the development of the speech apparatus or articulatory gymnastics. They are aimed at training the articulatory apparatus (tongue, lips, soft palate).
2. Exercises to practice diction allow students to learn the pronunciation skills of words, learn the accuracy in constructing statements and self-control.
3. Exercises for intonation allow students to acquire the skill of expressing thoughts with different emotional colors, as well as recognizing the emotions of other people by voice.

A sample of a workout for developing articulation skills

Articulatory gymnastics - exercises "Frog", "Elephant", "Chasiki". During these exercises, children play their lips and tongue in a playful form. The speech warm-up for articulation is performed to account, the rhythm can also set a simple thematic rhyme.

Exercises to practice diction. Students clearly pronounce a number of vowel letters (uh-uh-oh-ooo) , and then syllables ( ar-op-ur-ur, ry-ro-re-ryat ). Chistogovorki. Also quite common and effective speech warm-up. Reading of mantras is aimed at repeated repetition of a sentence consisting of words with complex articulation ( Four tortoises have four tortoises ).

Exercises on intonation. " Everyone is young in the winter cold . " It is necessary to read the proverb with different intonation - first with a feeling of joy, then sadness and surprise.

Speech warm-up for the development of communication skills

Question answer. It makes you think widely, show curiosity, gives you a tool to find the right information. Primary school students have difficulties when they have to take the initiative in a conversation and ask various questions. Therefore at the initial stages it is recommended to give not too generalized, specific tasks.

Dialogue-game. Helps students to find themselves in a new communicative situation, makes imagination and wit work, promotes their emotional unfoldment.

Description of the situation. Teaches you how to build a monologue properly, talk for a relatively long time and coherently about something. For the development of the horizon can be performed using reproductions of famous works of Russian artists.

A sample of the speech warm-up for the development of the imagination

The answer is a question. This is a kind of question-answer speech workout, but it is the other way around. You can come up with a funny name, which will grow fond of children, for example, the game "Inside Out" or "Screw-Turning." At the beginning of the exercise, the teacher reads a short story or shows a picture of how the children themselves make up history. Then each student receives a card with an answer ("Four", "In the Forest"), questions to which he must come up on his own. ("How many paws does a fox have?", "Where does she live?").

Dialogue-game. After the children are trained to ask questions, they can start asking them to each other. One student (" guest" ) receives a card on which his role is written, but does not show to another. The task of the others is to guess who is in front of them, asking various questions. Subjects can vary: professions, magic creatures, fruits and vegetables.

Useful exercises for teaching a foreign language

Speech warm-up is especially important in foreign language classes. Speech warm-up in English classes allows the teacher to make the beginning of the lesson bright and attract the attention of students, helps children to tune in and switch from their native language to a foreign one. On the one hand, such exercises in English can be aimed at repeating and fixing the material covered in the previous lesson. On the other hand, warm-up speech can serve as an introductory part for a new topic. There are several types of such exercises:

• Phonetic warm-up speech. English is a challenge for students when it comes to pronouncing inter-tooth sounds "c" and "h" that are not in their native language. Phonetic warm-up helps to prepare a speech device for the pronunciation of complex sounds. This type includes tongue twisters, rhymes, phonetic "ladder" ( we - win - wind - winter - window ).
• Lexical. As a lexical speech warm-up you can use the game "snowball", when each student adds one word to the original sentence. The teacher offers a proposal model and shows an example: " A Lady Went To The Market And Bought ... a Pumpkin ". Students continue to add one word to the sentence, repeating all the previous options. The task promotes repeated repetition. Remembering the order of words in the sentence, passed through the form of irregular verbs ( went , bought ), vocabulary is being developed on a specific topic.
• Grammatical. Helps to fix a certain grammatical theme. Work can be based on a question-answer form. For example, students stand in a circle, throw a ball at each other and ask "Have you ever ...?" One by one;
• Dialogue speech warm-up in English helps to develop the skill of forming different types of questions, as well as a brief and concise answer. The teacher offers students cards describing the situation and the distribution of roles. For example, acquaintance, dialogue in the library, dialogue in the clinic, etc.

Throughout life, a person's speech is perfected and enriched. The most important period in its formation and development is childhood. At this time there is an active development of language facilities, the vocabulary is replenished and activated, the skills of reading and writing are born. Speech warm-up in primary school Help children to move to a new level of speech activity, improve pronunciation, learn to communicate, and overcome the emotional barrier and believe in their abilities.