Types of staff motivation, its essence and factors

Almost every person, even the inexperienced in matters of personnel management, came across the notion of motivation and stimulation. There are several definitions of this concept that are used in management, we will focus on one of them. Personnel motivation is the process of meeting the needs and expectations of employees in the work that they have chosen. This process is carried out when the goals of employees coincide with the goals of the enterprise where they work.

The essence of personnel motivation is precisely that the personnel of the enterprise effectively perform the work, guided by each one's rights and duties, in accordance with the decisions of the management of the enterprise. If management is able to plan and coordinate the work of the collective and the organization as a whole, then its decisions will always be aimed at maximizing the potential of employees. The task of the motivational process is to make every employee the owner of his workforce.

The types of staff motivation vary slightly among authors, but it is easy to single out a few basic ones. Types of staff motivation for the main groups of needs: material (the employee's desire for prosperity), work (content and working conditions), status (the desire of the individual to occupy a higher position in the team, responsible for more complex and skilled work).

Types of personnel motivation for the methods used: normative (impact by means of information, suggestions, beliefs), compulsory (use of threat of dissatisfaction of needs, coercion, power), stimulation (indirect influence on the person, benefits and incentives prompting the employee to the desired behavior).

Kinds of motives by sources of origin: internal and external. External motives are externally influenced by certain rules of behavior in the team, through orders and orders, payment for work, etc. Internal motives are an effect from the inside, when the person himself forms motives (for example, cognition, fear, desire to achieve a certain goal or results, etc.). The latter kind of stimulation is much more effective than the first, because the work is performed more efficiently and less effort is spent on it.

Types of staff motivation in the direction to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization: positive and negative. Positive - these are personal bonuses and bonuses, assignment of the most important work and VIP clients, etc. Negative - these are various comments, reprimands and penalties, psychological isolation, transfer to a subordinate position, etc. And all kinds of penalties must be communicated and explained to the entire collective, and not just to a specific individual.

Factors of staff motivation can be identified as follows:

1. The need to work in a successful and well-known company. Here the main role is played by the prestige or "brandedness of the enterprise", when its employees are proud of the fact that they take an active part in the life of the organization. In addition, each employee (and key managers) must know the company's strategy, and clearly represent its future.
2. A fascinating and interesting work. The best option when hobbies and work are synonyms. If the employee's work activity allows him to self-fulfilling and brings pleasure, then the work of the individual will be successful and effective. The status of the employee, the possibility of his development and the acquisition of new knowledge, his participation in planning the tasks of the enterprise play an important role here.
3. Material incentives. All kinds of bonuses, bonuses and, in fact, salary are the components of this factor.