Types of poisoning and what to take when poisoning.

What to take with poisoning? This question has arisen at least once in the life of every person. It should be noted that poisoning can occur with the use of poor-quality food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms (food poisoning), when toxic substances are introduced by inhalation (inhalation poisoning), the introduction of drugs (injection poisoning), ingestion of toxic substances, alcohol substitutes, When bitten by insects or snakes. What to take when poisoning and what urgent measures to take, depends primarily on the cause of poisoning.

The most common food poisoning that occurs when eating foods containing pathogens or toxins. Unlike infectious diseases with a similar clinical picture, transmission of an infectious agent to another person does not occur. Bacterial pathogens are staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Salmonella. As a rule, the bacterium is a person. It can be a chronic carrier of bacteria in the intestine, nasopharynx, or the pathogen is localized to the skin, for example, in pustular diseases. The path of transmission can be different, it depends on the location of the pathogen in the body. Staphylococcus is seeded food, culinary products. If the carrier of staphylococcus or salmonella are animals, the infected are milk, meat, eggs.

For foodborne infections, a short incubation period is typical and the manifestations of the disease begin within hours after the microorganism enters the human body. Typical manifestations are nausea, frequent vomiting, diarrhea, cramping pain in the abdomen, fever, general intoxication. Improvement of the condition occurs after 1-2 days. Food poisoning can be a chemical etiology if food contains plant or animal poisons.

Poisonings are widespread in everyday life, with accidental or erroneous reception of household poisons, insecticides, drugs, surrogate alcohol. Children's poisoning is extremely dangerous, when children, attracted by bright packaging, swallow medicines.

Diagnosis of acute poisoning should be aimed at establishing the etiological factor that led to poisoning. If possible, it is necessary to interview the patient correctly, to inspect the scene of the incident. It is important to identify and evaluate the clinical manifestations that are characteristic for the effects on the body of a toxin. Laboratory diagnostics is aimed at detecting toxins in the body's environment.

What to take with poisoning?
When poisoning with toxins taken internally, an obligatory procedure is to rinse the stomach with a probe. In severe forms, gastric lavage is performed several times in the first day. After rinsing, the laxative drug should be administered to the patient. At home before the arrival of a doctor, you can induce vomiting yourself, irritating the root of the tongue. Vomiting is contraindicated in case of poisoning with cauterizing substances, because of their possible aspiration. If poisoning with cauterizing liquids has occurred, the stomach is washed with small portions of cool water. When poisoning with acids neutralization of their alkali is ineffective. The patient should give a solution of diamond or vegetable oil. To absorb toxins, use activated carbon or polysorb.

If toxic substances enter the skin, immediately flush skin with running water. Acids are neutralized with alkaline solutions (sodium bicarbonate), alkalis - solutions of acids (weak solution of acetic acid).

If the poisoning has occurred by inhalation, the victim should be immediately removed from the affected area, ensure the influx of fresh air, free from restraining clothing.

When administering drugs in a toxic dose or bites of insects or snakes, cold is applied locally, 1.0 ml of the adrenaline solution is injected into the injection or bite site. The application of the tourniquet is contraindicated.

What to take when food poisoning?
In case of food poisoning with the purpose of absorption of toxins, it is necessary to take activated carbon or any other sorbent (polysorb, polyphepan). With repeated vomiting and diarrhea, dehydration of the body occurs . To compensate for the loss of fluid and salts, it is necessary to take rehydron or other saline solutions. Under steady-state conditions, liquid and electrolytes are replenished with intravenous saline solutions. In more severe cases, antibiotics may be required. Assign digestive enzymes: pancreatin, mezim, panzinorm. With diarrhea, imodium is used.

To have the skills of first aid and know what to take when poisoning, should everyone. But in any situation it is necessary to consult a specialist in order to avoid serious complications and long-term consequences. In spite of everything, only the doctor knows the specific antidotes of toxic substances, and he will tell you what medicines to take when poisoning.