Types of law

Types of law - the structural elements of the legal system, each of which is a set of certain legal norms governing existing social relations. All species are related, despite differences in significance and structure. The emergence of new types of law is a natural consequence of socio-political changes in the state, since the complication of existing relations in society requires the formation of new legal and social regulators.

In the system of law of Russia, the main branches of law are state, administrative, civil and criminal law. Nevertheless, there are other equally important species that can be considered independently and independently of the above. Among them - tax, banking, customs, environmental law and others.

In the system of law, the procedural and substantive law is singled out, which can also be generalized by the notion "types of branches of law".

So, to branches of a substantive law it is possible to carry labor, constitutional, civil, labor and criminal. They contain norms that fix the general principles of behavior of subjects of law and are formed by material rules of law. The latter formulate the composition of the legal relationship and characterize the duties and rights of the subjects.

Types of procedural law are those that are of a managerial nature and regulate the procedure for the exercise of rights and obligations. The norms of procedural law determine the circle of subjects that participate in the process, list their duties and rights, set the time limits for the implementation of certain procedural measures, and so on. The procedural law includes civil procedural law, criminal and arbitration procedural law.

Basic types of law and their characteristics

Constitutional law regulates the relations that usually arise for the successful consolidation of the constitutional order, the creation of state bodies, the consolidation of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the determination of their legal status and other measures. The predominant method is the constituent-fixative method. Sources: Constitution, Federal Constitutional Laws, a number of basic federal laws.

The subject of administrative law are public relations arising in the exercise of state government. The peculiarity of this type of law is that its norms are regulated to a greater extent by the activity of the executive power. Methods: power and submission, imperative. Sources: Code of Administrative Offenses, Laws "On Arms" and "On Police".

Criminal law deals with public relations related to the commission of crimes. The main method is the imperative, the source of criminal law - the Criminal Code.

Financial law, in turn, regulates monetary relations, banking transactions, as well as charging various charges and taxes. The main method is also an imperative method. The main sources are the Tax Code, the Law on the Budget, On Banks and Banking Activities, and others.

The subject of civil law is personal property or non-property relations, based on equality, autonomy of will and property independence of their participants. The method that prevails in this law is called dispositive, and the main source is the Civil Code. Types of civil law include various branches of this direction and depend on the specific type of civil offenses and methods for their resolution.

Other types of law (basic): family (subject - personal relations that arise in connection with kinship), labor (deals with social relations arising from the sale of labor), criminal procedure (subject - relations in criminal proceedings) and civil procedural Law (relations when dealing with cases in civil proceedings).