The form of government is the principle and system of forming power

The form of government is a set of principles on which the relations of society and state power are formed. The main such systems are the republic and the monarchy.

Monarchy means "autocracy". This term is of Greek origin. The power is partially or completely in the hands of the supreme ruler and is inherited. The monarchy is theocratic, constitutional and absolute. At the last form, the ruler concentrates in his hands the legislative, judicial and executive branches of government.

Under the constitutional monarchy, the powers of the sovereign are limited to some representative body. The extent of this limitation is determined by the constitution. The constitutional monarchy is parliamentary and dualistic. In the first form, the monarch rarely has real powers, and his legal position is limited. The source of power in this case is the parliament. There is this form of government in Japan and the United Kingdom. Under the dualistic monarchy, the sovereign has the right to form a government. He also has the opportunity to dissolve the parliament and veto it. Theocratic form of government is a system in which all power in the country belongs to a religious leader (the Vatican, Tibet before the Chinese conquest).

The republic is characterized by universal suffrage. As a form of government - a system in which the source of power in the state is the whole people. He delegates authority to elected representatives. Signs of the republic are: electivity and dependence of power on voters. Her powers are limited to a certain period. There are three varieties of the republic: mixed, parliamentary and presidential. Each of them has its own characteristics.

The presidential form of government is a system in which the president is elected by the whole people by voting. He is the head of state and has executive power. That is, he forms a government that reports to him. The post of prime minister, as a rule, is absent. This is the form of government of France, the United States and many other states.

Under a parliamentary republic, power belongs to a special legislative body of government - the parliament, which is elected by all the people. The government is formed by the majority. The president is also elected by the parliament and does not normally have a real political power, performing representative functions. The government is accountable to the parliament. The head of the executive body is the Prime Minister, who, as a rule, becomes the leader of the parliamentary majority. This state structure has countries such as the Czech Republic, India, Germany and many others.

A mixed form of government is a system that has the properties of both a parliamentary and a presidential republic. Its main feature is the dual responsibility of the government, which reports to both the president and the parliament.

Dictatorship is a form of social relations, in which one party, a social class or a ruler possesses the full power. Its signs are: repression against dissenters and political competitors, suppression of rights and freedoms of citizens who are unhappy with the policy of the regime. The presumption of innocence and the rule of law are generally absent.