The device of the water meter and the principle of operation

The time has passed when there was a need to carry water from the wells with buckets with a rocker. Now it is brought to every house and apartment. Sooner or later, there is a need to reduce the final amount in the invoice for utility bills. In this case, installation of a water consumption meter will help. But it is expedient in the case when the water discharge is less than the established average standards of housing and communal services.

Before you buy a water meter, you need to determine its need, compare it with the living space in which it will be placed: a dacha, a country house or an apartment in the city. And also to deal with the device of the water meter.

Definition and purpose

The invention for the calculation of consumed water was invented back in 1851. At that time the device had a wing structure and a gear mechanism. However, the use of this device began in 1858.

A water meter, or a water meter, is a device used to measure the amount of liquid consumed per unit of time. All measurements are in meters in the cube. Each user independently sees how much water - hot or cold - he consumed for a certain period of time, respectively, can regulate the process. If the water meter is installed, the savings are more than 40%. Mounting the meter is not a costly exercise, but on the contrary, it allows you to save your money.

Water accounting device: advantages and disadvantages of use

Water meters have several advantages, among which:

1. Absence of additional charges for payment.

2. Control over consumption.

The minuses of the device include:

1. A cheap or substandard counter can only increase the amount in the payments, as it will "wind" additional cubic meters.

2. If the seal is damaged, you will need to change the device. Its replacement is a costly and troublesome exercise. In addition, it will be necessary to pay downtime at an average tariff in the absence of a water meter.

It is important to understand that a water meter is worth a lot, but such financial investments pay off with its long life.

Application in practice

Counters for measuring the amount of water consumed are purchased by virtually all subscribers of a centralized water supply network. The device of cold water and hot water meters is different. The first can withstand a temperature of not more than +40 degrees. The device of the hot water meter should use materials that are capable of working above +40 degrees. As a rule, they can be distinguished by the appearance: blue for cold water, and red for hot water. There may be universal models that are connected in a single body. This choice is much cheaper than two separate ones.

The device and principle of operation of water meters

Each of the counters, depending on the design, has its own peculiarities:

1. The ultrasonic meter operates alternately in the generator mode. The device of the water meter is based on dispersal of the wave along the favorable direction of the water, and then in the opposite direction. In this case, the flow can be calculated modulo due to a timely difference, which is formed through oscillations, in order to overcome each of the sections between the sensors.

2. Electromagnetic devices operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. In them, the conductor moves in a constant field of the magnet, thus forming a force, the value of which depends on the speed of the conductor. The role of the water flow in it is very important, since it is the conductor, and the magnetic field is the field generated by the coils of inductance.

3. Resonance devices work at the expense of air flow. The internal device of the water meter is based on the rotation of the flow section along one and the second additional channel. As a rule, the frequency of its change depends on the flow rate, and, therefore, affects the flow rate.

4. Vortex devices work at the expense of an element located inside the meter, streamlined by the flow of water. Accordingly, vortices are formed, which directly depend on the pressure drop.

The principle of operation of mechanical and tachometric types is to calculate the exact number of rotations of the impeller located inside the counter and which is rotated by the flow of water. In this case, the mechanism itself is located separately to avoid moisture ingress on it.

Single-jet type of devices

The device of water meters with single-jet operation is based on the principle of measuring the number of revolutions of the impeller, which is rotated by the flow of water in the pipeline. These are dry and single-jet instruments. Their advantages are that they have a simple design, and also reliably protected from the magnetic field. Each of the single-jet meters has a pulse output that shows remotely the readings.

Multi-jet

Multi-jet work due to the fact that the fluid, before entering the impeller, is divided into several jets. Thus, this minimizes the error. Devices of this plan have their own significant advantages, in particular, their dismantling or installation is not difficult. When checking by inspection bodies for inspection, it is sufficient to provide the upper removable part.

Gate valves

The valve counter has a similar circuit, as well as a multi-jet, however this design can be installed with a valve located inside the meter. Thus, if necessary, it is easy to turn off the water. Advantages of this design in that the installation is not difficult, part of the indicator is scrolled 360 degrees, and this makes it more convenient to read the readings from the device.

Turbine

Turbine counters are known to the world since 1862. These models can be installed to account for the consumption of both hot and cold water. Suitable for water systems of any type, as well as for automatic control systems, process control. Their installation is carried out at water supply points in industry, in multi-storey buildings and water channels.

Saving water has long been considered one of the successful methods of reducing costs in Europe. Therefore installation of meters is another small contribution to improving the country's ecology.