The area of low pressure in the atmosphere is what? How and where is the reduced pressure area formed?

Air masses are constantly circulating in the atmosphere. Their names correspond to the place on the map where they were formed. Air masses are continental (formed above the land) and sea (formed above the water surface). They exert pressure on the surface of the earth and on all creatures inhabiting it. This effect has different strengths. The area of low pressure in the atmosphere is a storm or a cyclone. However, this concerns measurements on the surface, correlated with sea level. In the mountains, the region of low pressure is characterized by a normal state of the atmosphere. This is common here.

Atmosphere pressure

The area of low pressure in the atmosphere is a relative indicator. It should be considered as a parameter, measured above sea level. In this case, the value of 765 mm of mercury is considered normal. The higher the height of the measurements made, the less the atmospheric pressure regions forming. At the border of snow caps in the mountains, this figure is considered normal at a value of 350 mm Hg.

Due to this, the concept of areas of low atmospheric pressure is considered from the point of view of the indicator and the surrounding air masses. For each locality where they were formed, determine the characteristic features that affect the circulation. Determination of the weather in a particular region always correlates with studies of all natural phenomena occurring in the region.

Air circulation

The formation of areas of low atmospheric air pressure is associated with the process of its circulation.

It occurs due to the inclination of the earth's axis and the inhomogeneity of the warming up of the planet at the equator and poles.
The region of low atmospheric air pressure is formed due to high temperatures at the equator. When heated, it expands and rises. And given the fact that the reverse happens at the poles and there is an increased pressure, the air masses circulate.

And, if in one area a low pressure is formed, then in the other, an increased one will necessarily form.

Definition of a cyclone

The area of low pressure in the atmosphere is a cyclone. It manifests itself in the form of a storm or even a tornado. In the center of the cyclone, the pressure is much lower than at the edges.

If it was formed in the northern hemisphere, the motion of air masses will be performed against the circulation of the clockwise direction. In the south side of the planet - on the contrary. The Coriolis force moves the cyclone to the right, and in the south - to the left.

The area of low atmospheric pressure, where a tornado or storm forms, is located primarily above the water surface. Therefore, this phenomenon of nature brings with it rainy, cloudy weather. Frequent gusts of wind are caused by the difference in pressure in the center and periphery of the cyclone. The area of low atmospheric pressure of air is formed with summer rains and cooling, and in winter - thaws and snowfalls. The air moves from the edge of the cyclone to its center, where it rises and cools.

The mechanism of education

The vortex of the cyclone is usually called the "snake ring". Its diameter sometimes reaches several thousand kilometers. The region of low air pressure is formed in temperate latitudes. This occurs when a warm moist air stream collides on the equator's side with cold dry streams from the poles. Between these opposites appears a boundary, called the front. Cold air slightly pushes back the warm layer. Its masses collide with each other. An ellipsoidal motion begins. Capturing nearby layers of air, the cyclone moves at a speed of up to 50 km / h. The periphery rotates faster than the center. Depending on the location of the occurrence, there are sometimes very strong storms. They carry destruction at times of unimaginable proportions. The area of low pressure in the atmosphere is a tornado. There is a lack of air in its center. Cold winds make up for it. Warm air flows are forced out, cooling down, and moisture condenses as precipitation. The lifespan of the storm varies and depends on the geography of the terrain.

Tropical vortex

Vortices of tropical latitudes are much stronger than cyclones formed in temperate latitudes. In the region of 5-20 degrees south and north latitude above the ocean surface, such natural phenomena occur. Where an area of low atmospheric pressure forms, air masses move. However, in tropical cyclones it is sometimes very large. It reaches 10-30 m / s. Its center is called the "eye of the storm". Quiet weather is observed here. The wider it is, the more destructive the storm. Usually the "eye of the storm" is 30 km, but it happens, it reaches 70 km. Global warming leads to an increase in the power of cyclones of tropical latitudes. Of course, there are insignificant weather phenomena similar in strength . However, powerful storms and hurricanes sometimes reach the European countries, America, where they leave colossal destruction with numerous victims.

Types of cyclones

The area of low atmospheric pressure of air is of different strength. There are 4 types of cyclones:

• Perturbation, which is characterized by the movement of air at a speed of not more than 17 m / s.
• Depression - the speed is in the range of 17-20 m / s.
• I call a storm a cyclone whose center moves up to 38 m / s.
• If the movement of the "eye of the storm" exceeds 39 m / s, this is already a hurricane.

This is a common classification. Nature sometimes throws "surprises" to mankind in the form of windstorms unanticipated by force in uncharacteristic latitudes. For example, in 1999, a powerful Hurricane, Lothar, was shaken by Europe. Meteorologists could not have foreseen him, since his monstrous power led to off-scale sensors. Some of them did not even work.

More than 70 people died because of the raging elements.

The name of vortices

To avoid confusion in the definition of cyclones by meteorologists, the area of low atmospheric pressure began to be called by each one's own name. They reflected all of its parameters, coordinates and speed of movement. It was suggested that they be called numbers and letters, names of birds and animals. It was very popular to call cyclones female names. It was convenient and effective. However, in the late 70's and male names were used for such purposes. Such a system made it possible to avoid mistakes and confusion in the exchange of information about an impending storm.

Having familiarized with the information presented above, it can be concluded that the region of low pressure is a cyclone. He brings with him wet, cloudy weather. By force, both minor perturbations and horrific hurricanes are distinguished. They can bring both insignificant weather deterioration and extreme destruction. Understanding the mechanism of their occurrence, we can understand why every year there is an increase in strong storms and tornadoes, which sometimes appear in completely unanticipated areas for them. This leads to global warming, caused by human activities on the planet.